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Open Access Article
1 - Spectrophotometric Determination of Hg2+ after Solid Phase Extraction on Microcrystalline Naphthalene
M. Reza Shishehbore Navid Nasirizadeh A. Mohammad Akhoundi -
Open Access Article
2 - The assessment of Omega-3 fish oil pollution with mercury derived from shark and tuna fish in post-market surveillance in Tehran by cyclic voltammetry
بهروز اکبری آدرگانی لطیفه نویدپور مریم شکرچیFish oil is one of the best sources of fatty acids dietary supply. Recently, use of fish oil isenhanced based on its useful effects on human health. Unfortunately, due to industrial pollution,many fish and fish oils have high levels of mercury. Mercury is one of the mos MoreFish oil is one of the best sources of fatty acids dietary supply. Recently, use of fish oil isenhanced based on its useful effects on human health. Unfortunately, due to industrial pollution,many fish and fish oils have high levels of mercury. Mercury is one of the most poisonousmicroelement for the ecosystem. mercury is toxic and can damage the brain and the nervoussystem. The main object of this research was the assessment of Omega-3 fish oil pollution withmercury derived from shark and tuna fish in post-market surveillance in Tehran by cyclicvoltammetry. For this pupose fourteen fish oil brands was collected from market retail andtransferred to the laboratory. In this research, closed vessel microwave extraction and cyclicvoltammetric method was employed. The digestion process was perfomed via four steps in aconstant 50 bar pressure and a gradiant temperature from 145 to 200 ˚C. The mercury content offish oils was in the range of 11.03–107.11 ng/ml. Validation of parameters reveal that theprecision of developed method was 2.3 percent in mean standard deviation. In conclusion, fishsuch as swordfish and shark and tuna fish are also a source of exposure to the heavy metaltoxin, mercury. So the potential toxicity of omega 3 fish oil capsules with mercury must beconsidered and it is necessary to measure the mercury content of these capsules with a simple,precise, accurate and economic method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Relationship between the Absorption of Heavy Metals of Mercury and the Amount of Chlorophyll and Sugar Production in the Plane Tree Species Seedlings
sahar tabibian Seyed Armin HashemiAbstract Background and Objective: The groups of harmful factors in the ecosystem are heavy metalsn which are particularly important due to their lack of absorption and physiological effects at low concentration on living organisms. Method: In this research, the ability MoreAbstract Background and Objective: The groups of harmful factors in the ecosystem are heavy metalsn which are particularly important due to their lack of absorption and physiological effects at low concentration on living organisms. Method: In this research, the ability of plant tree species to absorb heavy metal mercury was investigated. Two-year-old seedlings of plane tree species were prepared from nursery. Zero and 100 mg / L concentrations of mercuric chloride solution were added to the seedlings' potting soil. After six months, the shoot and root were isolated from the growth of the seedlings, then the concentration of mercury metal was determined in samples and then the data were analyzed. Findings: The results of data analysis showed that the highest amount of mercury accumulation in the shoot was 64.95 mg / kg at the root was117.94 mg / kg and in the soil were 21.33 mg / kg and the total chlorophyll content and sugar content were 4.66 mg / g and 0.552 mg / g, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, plane tree species is relatively suitable for purification of contaminated soils from mercury metal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Study of Mercury Bio-availability in Sediments of Petrochemical and Ja'fari, Bandar Imam Creeks
sedigheh aghabacki aloghareh sedigheh battaleblooie hakemeh amanipoor kamran gerayeshBackground and Objective: Due to high mobility and toxicity of mercury in environment and also high accumulation of mercury in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of mercury. The purpose of this study was t MoreBackground and Objective: Due to high mobility and toxicity of mercury in environment and also high accumulation of mercury in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of mercury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the total concentration of mercury and its bio-availability in sediment of Petrochemical and Ja'fari creeks. Method: In the present study, 27 sediment samples were collected from the sampling sites. Digestion was employed in sample digestion followed by analysis using MOOPAM. Samples were analyzed and determined for mercury concentrations by Mercury Analyzer model VM-3000 MERCURY VAPOR MONITOR. Sediments were further investigated for mercury fractions using a three step sequential extraction procedure of BCR. Results: The concentrations of THg in sediment samples with a minimum of 2.19 and maximum of 45.71 and average of 23.9 milligram per liter show that area is contaminated with mercury according to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration standard. Discussion and Conclusion: The sequential extraction procedure showed that most Hg in the sediments was largely bound in exchangeable phases. Therefore it can't be exchanged between water and sediment under the physicochemical conditions with alkaline pH. The mercury which bound to exchangeable phase can easily desorb and adsorb by sediments. High content of mercury was in station close to chloral alkaline factory and with distance, Hg concentration was decreased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Adsorption of Mercury (II) Metal from Aqueous Solutions by Amine-Functionalized Magnetic Nano-particles
Ali kazemi nader bahramifar Akbar HeydariBackground and Objective: Nowadays, pollution of aquatic ecosystems with toxic metals, especially mercury, is one of the major concerns of the world. The use of nano-adsorbents is a novel high-performance method for removing heavy metals from aqueous media. In this stud MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, pollution of aquatic ecosystems with toxic metals, especially mercury, is one of the major concerns of the world. The use of nano-adsorbents is a novel high-performance method for removing heavy metals from aqueous media. In this study, in order to remove of Hg (II) from aqueous solutions and chloro-alkali wastewater, amine functionalized-Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 nanocomposite was synthesized. Method: As-synthesized nano-composite was characterized by thermo-gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The nano-composite was used for removal of Hg (II) ions from aqueous solution and chloro-alkali wastewater in batch system. Findings: The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacities for Hg (II) ions from aqueous solution 137.45 mg/g were calculated. Percentage of mercury removal from real wastewater was estimated about 55%. Sorption of Hg (II) ions with Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2 agreed well to the Langmuir isotherm model, confirming a monolayer adsorption. Desorption study showed that adsorbed metals could easily be desorbed from the adsorbent by 0.8 M HCl for Hg(II) ions, that the desorption percentage efficiencies was reduced from first to fifth cycle times about 15 %. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the synthesized nanocomposite in this research has a relatively high adsorption capacity for Hg (II) ions adsorption, also according to its recyclability and reusability, the application of this adsorbent in wastewater treatment system could be reasonable in terms of the economic aspect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Survey and Comparison of Heavy Metals Hg, Cd and Pb in the Tissues of Liza Abu in the Karoon and Dez Rivers in Khoozestan Province
Mohammad Velayatzadeh Abolfazl Askary Mojgan Khodadadi Mohammad Kazemian Mahboobe BeheshtiIntroduction: The heavy metals are from the pollutants which create too much problems in aquaticecosystems for aquatics and human. This study was done on concentration of heavy metals Hg, Cdand Pb in the muscle, liver and gill tissues of Liza Abu in the Karoon and Dez R MoreIntroduction: The heavy metals are from the pollutants which create too much problems in aquaticecosystems for aquatics and human. This study was done on concentration of heavy metals Hg, Cdand Pb in the muscle, liver and gill tissues of Liza Abu in the Karoon and Dez Rivers in KhoozestanProvince in winter 2010.Material and Method: In this reaserch 216 sample of Liza abu were used randomly. Metals wereextracted from the tissues using wet Digestion method and concentration of the heavy metals wasmeasured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Perkin Elmer 4100. Analysis of the data wasdone by using of the SPSS17 software and analysis of the t-test determined exist or non-exist of thesignificant difference in level 95 (P=0.05).Results: The highest concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb 0.540±0.264, 0.027±0.002 and 1.08±0.128mg/Kg and the determined lowest concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb 0.346±0.040, 0.903±0.037 and0.023±0.001 mg/Kg.Discussion: This study showed there is not any significant difference in concentration of heavymetals Hg and Pb in muscle, liver and gill of Liza abu in Karoon and Dez Rivers. There was asignificant difference in Concentration of Cd in muscle and gill (between (P<0.05) but there was not asignificant difference in concentration of Cd in livers of all of them (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The study of mercury bioavailability in sediments of petrochemical and Jafari, Bandar Imam Creeks
Sedigheh Aghabaki Alooghareh sedigheh battaleblooie Hakimeh Amanipoor Kamran GerayeshBackground and Objective: Due to high mobility and toxicity of mercury in environment and also high accumulation of mercury in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of mercury. The purpose of this study MoreBackground and Objective: Due to high mobility and toxicity of mercury in environment and also high accumulation of mercury in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of mercury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the total concentration of mercury and it's bioavailabilty in sediment of Petrochemical and Ja'fari creeks. Method: In the present study, 27 sediment samples were collected from the sampling sites. Digestion was employed in sample digestion followed by analysis using MOOPAM. samples were analyzed and determined for mercury concentrations by Mercury Analyzer model VM-3000 MERCURY VAPOR MONITOR. Sediments were further investigated for mercury fractions using a three step sequential extraction procedure of BCR. Findings: The concentrations of THg in sediment samples with a minimum of 2.19 and maximum of 45.71 and average of 23.9 milligram per liter show that area is contaminated with mercury according to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration standard. Discussion and Conclusion: The sequential extraction procedure showed that most Hg in the sediments was largely bound un exchanable phases. Therefore it can not be exchanged between water and sediment under the physicochemical conditions with alkaline pH. The mercury which bound to exchanagble phase can easily desorb and adsorb by sediments. High content of mercury was in station close to chloralkaline factory and with distance, Hg concentration was decreased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Assessment of Mercury Concentrations in Liver and Hair tissues of Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) in Central Mazandaran Province Coastline
Hassan Malvandi Abbas Esmaili-Saria Seyed Mahmoud GhasempouriaIntroduction: The goal of this study was determination of concentration of mercury in hairand liver tissues of the golden jackal (Canis aureus), and to determine the relation betweenthe mercury concentration in liver and hair and body weight and length, and sex. These d MoreIntroduction: The goal of this study was determination of concentration of mercury in hairand liver tissues of the golden jackal (Canis aureus), and to determine the relation betweenthe mercury concentration in liver and hair and body weight and length, and sex. These datawere then used to evaluate the suitability of using hair as a noninvasive technique for determiningbody burdens of mercury.Materials and Methods: Liver and hair samples from golden jackal were collected from Noorin the central coastline Mazandaran province. The samples of this study were taken fromroad-killed. The mercury was measured by the LECO AMA 254 Advanced Mercury Analyzer (USA)according to ASTM, standard No. D-6722.Result and Discussion: There wasn’t any significant difference neither between sexes nor in tissues.On the contrary, positive and significant differences (p>0.05) were found between mercury level inhair with weight and length of body. Mercury level was generally low; they do not reach levels thatare known to cause potential adverse effects in animals. It's probably to be a first study for goldenjackal for this purpose, and also this probe suggested easy and non-invasive sampling Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Evaluation of Mercury Concentration in Hair of Dentists and Survey of Factors Influencing its Levels
Ghasem Zolfaghari Abbas Esmaeili sari Seyed Mahmood Ghasempouri Soghrat FaghihzadeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the exposure to mercury (Hg), and to examine the various parameters, which contribute to high levels of mercury of Iranian dentists in Tehran. One-hundred hair samples were collected from dentists. In addition, fifty samples fro MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the exposure to mercury (Hg), and to examine the various parameters, which contribute to high levels of mercury of Iranian dentists in Tehran. One-hundred hair samples were collected from dentists. In addition, fifty samples from a control group were taken for comparison. The survey included a structured questionnaire designed to provide information about the parameters that influenced exposure to Hg. The parameters included: personal profile, life style, dental fillings, practice patterns, work habits, precautionary measures and fish consumption. The determination of mercury was carried out by Advanced Mercury Analyzer 254, LECO, and standard method D-6722. Overall mean concentrations in the hair of the dentists was 2.84±0.47 mg/kg. The equivalent values were 0.61±0.07 mg/kg in hair for the control group. The study showed that use of masks had a significant effect on hair (p=0.024) mercury. Also, fish consumption and number of patients seen per day had a significant effect on hair (p=0.025 and p=0.027 respectively) Hg. On the other hand, there was a significant effect of age in relation to mercury concentration in the hair of dentists (p=0.006). Multiple regressions were computed between mercury in hair and the various assessed variables. The only positive results were between mercury concentration and mask for the dentists (p= 0.04) and Hg concentration and the number of fish meal for the control group (p=0.009). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Muscle and Liver of Shark (Chiloscyllium punctatum) in Khor Musa
Eshagh hashemi Mohamad Ali Salari Ali Abadi Alireza Safahieh Kamal GhanemiBackground and Objective: In this study, the levels of heavy metals (mercury, zinc, copper, cadmium and lead) were measured in the liver and muscle tissues of Bamboo Shark in Khor Musa. Method: To do the process, after drying and digestion of samples, the concentration MoreBackground and Objective: In this study, the levels of heavy metals (mercury, zinc, copper, cadmium and lead) were measured in the liver and muscle tissues of Bamboo Shark in Khor Musa. Method: To do the process, after drying and digestion of samples, the concentration of mercury samples was measured and it was found that the level of whole metals in liver was higher than in muscle. The metal concentrations in liver and muscle tissue were obtained according to the following order Zn> Cu> Hg> Pb> Cd and Zn> Hg> Cu, respectively. The concentration of two nonessential metals, cadmium and lead, was not detected in muscle. There was a significant difference between the level of metals in liver and muscle. Also, level of mercury in liver and muscle showed a direct correlation with shark’s weight and length. Conclusion: Comparison of metal concentrations in liver and muscle with various world standards indicated that only the level of mercury is higher than standard limits. High accumulation of mercury in the animal’s body is likely originated from mercury sources such as petrochemical plants. Hence, considering all the obtained data, it is highly advised to have a constant monitoring over the aquatic animals, certainly edible ones, existing in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Assessing Accumulated Total Mercury in Planktonic Biomass from Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir
Kamran Almasieh Shahram KaboodvandpourBackground and Objective: Previous studies showed that the level of total mercury (T-Hg) in Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir (SGR) water is higher than those limits established by WHO and institute of standard of Iran (i.e., 1 µg/L). Therefore this research was carrie MoreBackground and Objective: Previous studies showed that the level of total mercury (T-Hg) in Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir (SGR) water is higher than those limits established by WHO and institute of standard of Iran (i.e., 1 µg/L). Therefore this research was carried out to evaluate the level of T-Hg in SGR plankton biomass as the main source of food which is the most consumed fish in the region and to calculate the mercury biomagnification factor based on published results related to the SGR's silver carp. Method: Plankton samples were collected during July to December 2009 from three different sampling sites. The level of the T-Hg in plankton biomass was measured using Advanced Mercury Analyzer. Findings: Mean accumulated T-Hg (± S.E.) in plankton biomass of SGR was 78.21 ± 3.13 on ng g-1 dry weight basis that the highest level was observed in August (86.81 ± 10.9) and the lowest level was observed in September (68 ± 2.53) on ng g-1 dry weight basis. Statistical analysis showed that the amount of accumulated T-Hg was not significantly different between plankton biomass samples during different months (F5, 10 = 0.94, P = 0.49) and among different sites (F2, 10 = 1.19, P = 0.34). Conclusion: Based on previous studies results in related to the planktivorous fish of SGR and present study results, occurring of mercury biomagnification in the food chain of this water reservoir was proven and it seems that the planktonic biomass of fresh water ecosystem have a considerable capacity to transfer a significant amount of mercury to the higher trophic levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Use of Tree Species Seedlings Maple (Acer Velutinum) to Absorb Heavy Metal Mercury from the Environment
Seyed Armin Hashemi sahar tabibian Seyed Yousef Torabian Saba KhalajHeavy metals are elements with high atomic weight, and large amounts of these metals may be harmful to living organisms. Mercury is one of these metals and can cause various problems for human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of mercu MoreHeavy metals are elements with high atomic weight, and large amounts of these metals may be harmful to living organisms. Mercury is one of these metals and can cause various problems for human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of mercury by Afraplet species. With the permission of Natural Resources seedlings a year of Maple of nursery was prepared and the solution Chloride Mercury with concentrations of 20, 40 and 60 mg per liter of prepared solution is then added to the soil, and the seedlings of maple in the pot after the period of six months from growth of seedlings, leaves, stems and roots of the seedlings were sampled. Using ANOVA and Duncan test were examined.The highest level of Mercury accumulation in aerial organs in leaves, stems and roots and, respectively, 55; 40; 45.67; mg/kg. Based on the results of this research maple species suitable for remediation of soils contaminated with metal is mercury. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Measurement of Mercury Metal Contamination in Muscle Tissue of Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) and Duck (Esox Lucicus) Anzali Wetland and Its Correlation with Weight, Age and Diet
Nader Bahramifar Masoumeh Khosravi Ehsan AttaranHeavy metals and quasi-metals are among the stable and decomposing elements that threaten their health and human health if there are high concentrations in aquatic tissues. This study was conducted in 2017 with the aim of measuring the level of mercury metal contaminati MoreHeavy metals and quasi-metals are among the stable and decomposing elements that threaten their health and human health if there are high concentrations in aquatic tissues. This study was conducted in 2017 with the aim of measuring the level of mercury metal contamination in the oral tissue of carp and duck fish in Anzali wetland, comparing it with the allowable limit of international standards and also examining the correlation between age, weight and diet with the level of contamination of this toxic element. Fish samples were collected from three parts of east, center and west of Anzali wetland. Mercury was measured with an advanced mercury analyzer (Leco AMA 254) according to the EPA6722D-standard method. The mean total concentrations of this metal in carp and duck muscle tissue were measured to be 0.598 and 0.5762 μg / kg dry weight, respectively. A significant linear positive correlation (p <0.001) was observed between mercury accumulation and age and weight of the two species. There was a significant difference between the concentrations of mercury in the muscle tissue of the two species. In general, the amount of mercury in the muscle tissue of fishermen was significantly higher than non-fisherman. The highest concentration of mercury was observed in the samples of the eastern part. A comparison between the concentration of mercury in the two fish and the US Food and Drug Administration's standard threshold for mercury (1 μg / g) shows that the results are below the threshold, while the threshold set by The World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) are more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Evaluation of Di-μ-chlorido-bis({2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)- iminomethyl]pyridine-κ2N,N']Mercury(II)
Behzad Jamali Aghbash Mahboubeh Manoochehri Maryam Daghighi Asli -
Open Access Article
15 - Removal of Mercury using Dibutyl-Disulfide Montmorillonite: Characterization of Adsorbent, Optimization, Isotherm, Kinetic and Real Samples Study
Hadi Moghaddam Shahla Elhami -
Open Access Article
16 - Colorimetric determination of mercury ion by enzyme-like property of iron oxide-carbon dots nanocomposite
Mohammad Reza Hafezi Fatemeh HonarasaMercury(II) cation has many risks for the environment and humans. Therefore, detection of mercury(II) cation is of particular importance. In this work, peroxidase-like activity of iron oxide/carbon dots nanocomposite was used for colorimetric determination of mercury(II MoreMercury(II) cation has many risks for the environment and humans. Therefore, detection of mercury(II) cation is of particular importance. In this work, peroxidase-like activity of iron oxide/carbon dots nanocomposite was used for colorimetric determination of mercury(II) cation. To do this, first, iron oxide/carbon dots nanocomposite was prepared, and then the nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Next, a sensor for determination of mercury(II) was designed by considering the peroxidase-like activity of the nanocomposite that can accelerate the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to the cation radical of TMB* in the presence of H2O2. By using the above method, the dynamic range and detection limit for mercury(II) cation were obtained as 3.4×10-8 to 4.3×10-4 and 3.4×10-8 M, respectively. Also, this method shows good reproducibility for determination of mercury(II). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigation of parameters affecting mercury distribution and mobility in water resources and sediments of Sefid Rud river
fatemeh Elmi Morteza RazmaraIn order to study mercury contamination and the factors controlling its distribution in Sefidrud basin, 344 sampels were collected from river sediments, surface and ground waters. Water samples were analyzed for determining Hg concentration and physicochemical parameter MoreIn order to study mercury contamination and the factors controlling its distribution in Sefidrud basin, 344 sampels were collected from river sediments, surface and ground waters. Water samples were analyzed for determining Hg concentration and physicochemical parameters such as pH, TDS, temperature, DO, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Sediment samples also analyzed for Hg, Al, Fe and Mn concentration. The correlation coefficient showed positive and negative relationships among the parameters. An appreciable significant correlation was found among TDS, pH, DO and the amount of rainfall with mercury in surface water (river), while the most correlated parameters with mercury in groundwater, were rainfall, TDS and temperature. Using distribution map of mercury in sediment and surface waters indicated that Hg trends in sediment and surface waters (except for kiashahr station) are opposite to each other. The results also showed that, Fe, Al and Mn play an important role in reducing the concentration of mercury in water samples, while the behavior of sediments for mercury absorption is strongly depended on the physicochemical properties of water. Therefore, the distribution of mercury in the Sefid rud basin is largely influenced by parameters such as rainfall, sediment composition and physicochemical properties of water (specially TDS, pH and DO). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effective removal of mercury (II) from environmental aqueous samples using carbon nanotubes carboxylated by dispersive solid-phase extraction method
Ali Moghimi Milad Abniki Mohammd YariA very small amount of heavy metals such as mercury (II) can disrupt brain expansion and motor disabilities and generates cognitive. This study aimed to use a simple and rapid method to remove and measure small amounts of mercury (II) ions in aqueous samples. In the pre MoreA very small amount of heavy metals such as mercury (II) can disrupt brain expansion and motor disabilities and generates cognitive. This study aimed to use a simple and rapid method to remove and measure small amounts of mercury (II) ions in aqueous samples. In the present method, carbon nanotubes carboxylated have been used to improve the removal and preconcentration of mercury (II). Parameters such as extraction pH, amount and type of eluent solvent, extraction time, ion effect, etc. have been optimized for the pre-concentration of mercury (II) by the adsorbent. Absorption measurements were performed to estimate mercury (II) using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed the proper efficiency of this method in the adsorption of mercury (II) ions.The parameter of concentration, level of detection (LOD) of this procedure, and relative standard deviation test (RSD %) achieved as 20.83, 6 µg L-1, and 1.16%, respectively. The dispersive solid-phase extraction method using carbon nanotubes carboxylated adsorbent indicates suitable of the reproducibility, level of detection (LOD), and concentration factor for the determination of mercury (II), also this method was introduced as an efficient method for the removal of mercury (II) ions from environmental aqueous samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Authenticity of Sassanid Silver Plates Based on Technological and Pathological Investigations
Masoumeh Yousefi Seyyed Ali Asghar Mir Fattah Farzad MafiDetermining the authenticity of ancient artifacts is one of the important issues in the field of cultural heritage, which, due to the diversification of forgery methods, leads researchers to use more practical methods to determine the authenticity of cultural artifacts. MoreDetermining the authenticity of ancient artifacts is one of the important issues in the field of cultural heritage, which, due to the diversification of forgery methods, leads researchers to use more practical methods to determine the authenticity of cultural artifacts. Sassanid silver plates are among the objects that are of special importance because they reveal some cultural and artistic features of the Sassanid period. Until now, the identification of the authenticity of these plates has been mostly based on morphology and explanation of motifs. Considering the ease of creating motifs of this period, the mentioned method is not enough to identify fake plates and there is a need for additional methods. The research question is whether it is possible to find out the authenticity of a cultural artifact based on the identification of the construction and decoration techniques and the damage caused to the object. To address this research, a comprehensive investigation has been conducted on a sample set comprising 50 Sassanid silver plates sourced from prominent museum collections including the Reza Abbasi, Miho, Metropolitan, Hermitage, and British Museums. This investigation encompasses both technical analyses and pathological examinations. The results show that silver analysis, comparing the concentration of elements with the original sample and the technique of mercury gilding, as well as bimetallic corrosion with special characteristics and observation of filamentous corrosion can help recognize the authenticity of such artifacts in addition to the originality of the form and motif. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Examination of Mercury pollution on urban built environment with regard human health and emphasis on drinking water (Case study: Drinking water of Alborz Industrial city)
Mohammadreza Sadeghi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
21 - The relation between Human fish consumption and Mercury bioaccumulation in scalp hair in Khoozestan Province
A.R. Mobarhan Fard A. Esmaili-Sari Sh.A. Nezami N. QaemiThe aim of this study was to evaluate the Mercury (Hg) concentration in human scalp hair in Khoozestan Province according to gender and age category and its relation with fish consumption. Hair sample was completely related to methyl mercury (MeHg) exposure and can be u MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the Mercury (Hg) concentration in human scalp hair in Khoozestan Province according to gender and age category and its relation with fish consumption. Hair sample was completely related to methyl mercury (MeHg) exposure and can be used to estimate MeHg exposure in several months or a year before. Eighty-eight human scalp hair samples collected randomly. Also, the survey included a questionnaire designed to provide information about the parameters that influenced body Hg concentration. Determination of samples Hg concentration performed by LECO, AMA254, Advanced Mercury Analyzer according to ASTM Method D-6722. Overall mean concentration in the hair was 1601.05±232.68 ppb (Mean±S.E). Mean concentration in the females and males’ hair was 1555.01±279.08 and 1658.89±394.88 ppb, respectively. Significant positive correlation was between Hg concentration and number of fish meals (P<0.01). In 2.27 percent of samples (2 samples), mercury concentration was more than EPA & WHO threshold level (10ppm). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Determination of dietary intake of mercury and arsenic in the adult Shiraz population using a Total Diet Study
Fatemeh Hemmati Zahra Matloubinezhad Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi Elham Babaali Saeid Yousefinezhad Enayat BeriziNowadays, chemical food contaminants are considered among the serious health concerns in various countries. Arsenic and mercury are the most important heavy metals which cause different complications in humans. The present study aimed to determine the dietary intake of MoreNowadays, chemical food contaminants are considered among the serious health concerns in various countries. Arsenic and mercury are the most important heavy metals which cause different complications in humans. The present study aimed to determine the dietary intake of mercury and Arsenic using total diet study (TDS) method in the adult population of 20-50 years old in Shiraz. Total of 580 food items were prepared and classified into 129 composite samples. After preparation, the samples were digested. The concentration of mercury and Arsenic were measured using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The dietary intake of Arsenic and mercury was calculated based on the mean food intake. Fish had the highest concentration of Arsenic, and the snack samples contained the highest concentration of mercury. But it was found that the heavy metal intake is more affected by the quantity of the food consumed. Therefore, the highest contributor to dietary intake of Arsenic was drinking water and fruit, and the highest contributor to dietary intake of Arsenic was related to raw vegetables and dairy products. However, the mean daily intake of mercury and Arsenic was 0.2-8.65 µg/d and 6.5-81.81 µg/d, respectively, which is lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWI). Therefore, there is no health risk due to Mercury and Arsenic investigated in this research for the total diet in adult population in Shiraz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Risk assessment to consumers from mercury in Acanthopagrus latus
A. Koshafar M. VelayatzadehThis study aimed to investigate the concentration of mercury in Acanthopagrus latus of Bahmanshir River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and also to estimate the consequent health hazard. For this purpose, 30 samples of fish were prepared from Choebdeh seaport. MoreThis study aimed to investigate the concentration of mercury in Acanthopagrus latus of Bahmanshir River using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and also to estimate the consequent health hazard. For this purpose, 30 samples of fish were prepared from Choebdeh seaport. The average concentration of mercury of Acanthopagrus latus was 0.24±0.08 mg/Kg of fresh wet weight of muscle. The results showed that average concentration of mercury in muscle of Acanthopagrus latus was less than the international organizations standards. According to Statistical Yearbook of Iran Fisheries Organization, the calculations indicated that daily and weekly mercury uptake for the adult Iranian consumers (70 Kg), was 0.000085 mg/Kg/day and 0.000595 mg/Kg/weekly. In addition, it was revealed that HQ index for Acanthopagrus latus was 0.85 which was estimated below 1. Accordingly, maximum daily intake of fish contaminated with 0.24 mg mercury/Kg wet weight for a 70 Kg person was estimated at 29 g/day and 203 g/week Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Adsorption of mercury from the aquatic environment using a novel nano-gel of Descurainia Sophia plant stem
arezou ghadi Masoume Habibi Soleiman Mahjoub -
Open Access Article
25 - Application of Nanoanalysis: Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica nanoparticles for Mercury Speciation in Human Samples
Sara Davari Hamid Shirkhanloo Negar Motakef Kazemi -
Open Access Article
26 - Bioremediation of mineral mercury via construction of recombinant vector pET21a(+)-merA
Hamideh Baghi Sefidan Alireza TarinejadBackground & Objectives: Inorganic mercury entrance into the environment through industry and agriculture is one of the most serious environmental hazards in the country. Microbial bioremediation is considered as one of the practical solutions to clean up pollutant MoreBackground & Objectives: Inorganic mercury entrance into the environment through industry and agriculture is one of the most serious environmental hazards in the country. Microbial bioremediation is considered as one of the practical solutions to clean up pollutant ions from the environment. The present study was conducted to construct a recombinant vector including merA gene, and also to investigate its expression in order to clean up mercury. Material & Methods: merA gene from mercury resistance bacterial genome was isolated, and subsequently cloned into the pET21a(+) expression vector. Confirmation of cloning target gene was achieved by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. Then pET21a(+)-merA recombinant vector was cloned into E.coli strain BL21. In order to assess increased resistance to mercury in recombinant bacteria, and the functionality of the enzyme produced by the recombinant vector, the growth rate of recombinant BL21 E. coli strains to contain merA gene, and without it was measured in a medium containing mercury for 48 hours. Results: The results showed that the growth of E. coli strains without merA gene was strongly affected after introducing mercury into the media till 12 hours, and bacteria would not be able to grow at 10 ppm and 20 ppm mercury levels. However, transformed bacteria with pET21a(+)-merA vector showed suitable growth in mercury-containing media. SDS-PAGE analysis of recombinant bacterial proteins on acrylamide gel showed the highest MerA (62KDa) expression following 16 hours induction with 1mM IPTG at 37ºC. Conclusion: Overall, the growth ability of merA- containing recombinant bacteria reflects the action of MerA protein in transformed bacteria. Furthermore, increasing the resistance of recombinant bacteria to the mercury indicates that environmental heavy metal pollutants can be cleaned up properly through the construction of recombinant vectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Isolation and sequencing of mercury resistance gene in Raoultella planticula bacteria
Ashraf Rezaei Majid MoghbeliBackground & Objectives: Mercury is one of the polluting sources of the environment, plants as well as human. Microorganisms are resistant to mercury through different mechanisms. The main mechanism involves reduction of the toxic mercury to the elemental form which MoreBackground & Objectives: Mercury is one of the polluting sources of the environment, plants as well as human. Microorganisms are resistant to mercury through different mechanisms. The main mechanism involves reduction of the toxic mercury to the elemental form which is mediated through a variety of bacterial genes. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of mercury resistance gene in Raoultella planticula bacteria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods. Materials & Methods: Genomic and plasmid DNA was extracted from wastewater R. planticula isolates. PCR was set up with primers designed based on the presence of mer A gene in Klebsiella oxytoca. The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using NCBI database. Results: Using PCR on plasmid and genomic bacterial DNA, a 1700 bps bond was obtained. Blasting the sequence, it was found that the amplified gene has 99% sequence homology to merA gene in Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and Acinetobacter. Conclusion: For the first time in this study, we found that Raoultella planticula isolated from Iran natural sources are resistant to mercury due to the presence of merA gene. Therefore, R. planticula can be considered an appropriate candidate to reduce or remove mercury from industrial wastewaters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Isolation and identification of mercury resistant bacteria from water and sediments of Kor River, Iran
Farshid Kafilzadeh Nima Mirzaei Mehdi KargarBackground and objectives: Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals. Even small amounts of mercury are highly toxic for all organisms, but some bacteria are resistant to mercury using special mechanisms. The aims of this study were isolation and identification of m MoreBackground and objectives: Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals. Even small amounts of mercury are highly toxic for all organisms, but some bacteria are resistant to mercury using special mechanisms. The aims of this study were isolation and identification of mercury resistant bacteria and survey of relation between levels of environment pollution to mercury and isolation of resistant bacteria. Material and methods: The samples were collected from water and sediments of four stations of Kor River in four seasons from summer 2006 to spring 2007. Amount of mercury in the samples were measured. Bacterial numbers in both medium containing mercury and with out mercury were enumerated. Isolation of mercury resistant bacteria was performed using primary enrichment and direct plating on agar. The bacteria were identified with conventional biochemical tests. Results: The number bacteria in the medium with out Hg was 1×107 CFU/ml or CFU/g and more than medium containing Hg. Frequencies of mercury resistant bacteria was 54.2 % in Ploe Khan station and 4.3 % in Droodzan station. These stations were the most contaminated and uncontaminated areas of the Kor River Respectively. Different bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Entrobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Serratia marcescens and etc. were identified as mercury resistant bacteria. Conclusion: Our study showed utilization of primary enrichment in comparing to the direct plating on agar lead to better isolation of mercury resistant bacteria. Moreover, enhancement of mercury levels in the environment will increase the probability of the isolation of mercury resistant bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Determination of mercury (II) by spectrophotometric method based on self assembly of gold nanoparticles
Yan Du Jing Yan Mei Ni Bao Du -
Open Access Article
30 - Measurement of heavy metals of Mercury, Lead and Cadmium in water resources city ofYazd
Abdol majid moosavi Razagh Obeidi Mitra RavardshiriThis research was carried out with the aim of investigating the concentration of heavy metals, mercury, lead and cadmium in water resources of Yazd for a period of 9 months (August 2013 to April 2014). A total of 28 water samples were taken from 28 wells and heavy metal MoreThis research was carried out with the aim of investigating the concentration of heavy metals, mercury, lead and cadmium in water resources of Yazd for a period of 9 months (August 2013 to April 2014). A total of 28 water samples were taken from 28 wells and heavy metals were measured by atomic absorption of graphite furnace. According to the results, the mean of mercury, lead, and cadmium elements was measured 0, 0.0011, 0.0004 respectively, and then compared to global standards for human consumption. The results of this study showed that the concentrations of heavy metals of mercury, lead and cadmium in the samples tested were lower than the maximum permitted standard WHO and did not threaten the health of the area under study. But due to the increasing population growth and the increase in the number of infections and diseases, changes in the concentration of heavy metals may occur in the future. Therefore, it is essential to keep track of heavy elements continuously. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Determination of Mercury in Fish (Otollithes ruber) and Canned Tuna Fish Marketed in Khuzestan and Shiraz,
A. Behzadnia E. Rahimi -
Open Access Article
32 - Separation of Mercury Resistant Bacteria from Wastewater of Milk, Detergent and Ceramic Industry
M. Moghbeli F. Shakeri H. Hashemi-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
33 - Perconcentration of Mercury (II) from Natural Water by Activated Charcol -loaded Schiff’s Base 2-Propylpiperidine-1-Carbodithioate (PPCD) Phases
A. Moghimi -
Open Access Article
34 - Brief Discussion on Mercury Poisoning, Its Sources and Remedies to Cure It
Tabinda Sattar -
Open Access Article
35 - Determination of Heavy Metals Contamination on Smoked Fish Sold at Some Fish Markets in Borno State, Nigeria
Mathias Nzitiri Bwala Tijjani Sabiu Imam Idris Umar Zungum -
Open Access Article
36 - Removal of Lead and Mercury from Water Using Nanoparticles: A Concise Review on Adsorption
Nusrat Tonu Md. Tanzirul Tanaz Md. Ismail Hossain Sumon Chakrabarty Palash Dhar Mohammad Yousuf Parbhej Ahamed -
Open Access Article
37 - Study of HgCl2 effects on muscle tissue in the Caspian roach ( Rutilus rutilus ) in vitro conditions
سعید محمدزاده باران غلامحسین وثوقی علی ماشینچیان مرادی فاطمه عباسی پرگل قوام مصطفویA series of specific toxicological effects including bioaccumulation of the pollutant, histological changes and influences on muscle tissue were examined in the Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) after the exposure to graded sub lethal concentrations (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/ MoreA series of specific toxicological effects including bioaccumulation of the pollutant, histological changes and influences on muscle tissue were examined in the Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) after the exposure to graded sub lethal concentrations (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC). Histopathological changes, such as telangiectasis, and degenerative, can clearly be observed in the slices from the muscle exposed Roach. A batch of Roach with the mean values of 5 cm in length and 5.5 g in mass were pre-raised in a static system, which was supplied with dechlorinated tap water and constantly aerated. The water qualities were controlled as follows: pH, 7.45; oxygen concentration, 7 mg/L; the water temperature, 21andndash;22 ◦C. All fish were fed twice a day with a commercial ratio of biomar. Reagents appropriate amount of mercury chloride (MC, AR 98%, Merck-Schuchardt) was dissolved in a stock solution of 0.676g HgCl2/L. Based on the 24 h LC50 value (70 ppb) obtained from the acute exposure test, a graded series (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC) were administered to Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) with 48 fish per group. The chemical exposure experiments lasted for 48 , 96 and 144 hours. These designed exposure levels were sublethal, and could induce obvious alteration of tissues abnormalities and disease at the same time. Manuscript profile
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