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Open Access Article
1 - The Role of Repentance (from Theft) in Punishment and Ta'zir Based on Jurisprudence and Islamic Penal Code1392: an Analytical Appraisal
Mohammad Jalil Rezaei Javad Panjehpour Hormoz Asadi KoohbadRepentance is one of the most important issues among the Qur'anic sciences and Islamic law, and it is based on a generous and humane look at human beings. In the Penal Penal Code of Islam, repentance is one of the factors of the fall, amnesty and reduction of punitive d MoreRepentance is one of the most important issues among the Qur'anic sciences and Islamic law, and it is based on a generous and humane look at human beings. In the Penal Penal Code of Islam, repentance is one of the factors of the fall, amnesty and reduction of punitive damages, except for the Qazf. According to the principle of free will, man is responsible for what he is doing. The author analyzes this issue through a descriptive-analytical research based on library studies. The findings suggest that the new lawmaker's approach to the Islamic punishment law of 92 in the original Islamic law introduces this valuable concept to the Iranian criminal system in a regular manner, and the Shari'a view reflects the practical role of repentance in the improvement, rehabilitation and spiritual practice of the perpetrator, and the criminal system Islam, with the prediction of the body of repentance as one of the causes of the fall of punishment, has been instrumental in identifying the purpose of the criminal system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Fe (II) Ion-Selective Membrane Electrode based onTetra-Phenyl Porphyrin in PVC Matrix
N. Farahani H. Aghaie -
Open Access Article
3 - Compare the effect red and green low level laser light accelerates the healing of the incision in the skin after the suturing in hamsters
GH. R. Abedi, احمد Asghari, S. Hesaraki, A. Nasireian, هادی Hajizadeh, نیما Toghani,Accelerated wound healing was the first application for this type of laser. In terms of green lightlaser ability which whether it can enhance wound healing or not there is some disagreement. thisstudy was done in order to compare the green and red light lasers (less pow MoreAccelerated wound healing was the first application for this type of laser. In terms of green lightlaser ability which whether it can enhance wound healing or not there is some disagreement. thisstudy was done in order to compare the green and red light lasers (less powered one) in terms ofaccelerated wound healing which can be done surgically on the skin. In this study thirty healthy,mature hamster from suyrian strain was selected and randomly divided into three different groupas below: A: control group, B: group which was under the radiation of low level red laser, C:group which was under the radiation of low level green laser. After the induction of generalanesthesia, the straight incision at the length of two cm was created in the dorsal zone of animal,then by means of nylon 5-0 was sutured in a simple manner. In the group A the cutted sitewithout any intervention was remained intact in order to proceed first type of wound healing, inthe group B (by red laser) and C (by means of green laser) the cutted site was treated with thevelocity of 0.5 J/cm2 during one minute by constant movement of lasers on the surface of incisionwhich was continued up to six days. Sampling was done in the 3th 7th, and 12th days. Theaverage wound healing in groups B and C were significantly higher than the control group, butbetween the two green and red laser, there was no meaningful difference. Although the red lasera little bit was good during operation compared with the green one. Less powered laseraccelerates the process of wound healing. In those situations which the case is resistance towound healing we can use less powered lasers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A Comparative Survey of the Conflict between Principle and Apparent Condition in Imāmiyah versus ‘Āmmah Fiqh
mahdi abdar esfahani ehsan aliakbari mohammad ali heidariThe purpose of the present study is the comparative survey of the conflictic between principle and apparent condition from the view of Imāmiyah versus Sunni jurists. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and it aims to find an answer for this question: In the conf MoreThe purpose of the present study is the comparative survey of the conflictic between principle and apparent condition from the view of Imāmiyah versus Sunni jurists. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and it aims to find an answer for this question: In the conflict between principle and apparent condition in Islamic sects, does the first or the latter overrule? Considering different theories from Islamic jurists regarding the priority of either principle or apparent condition, this study has attempted to state the best theory through logical reasoning in this conflict. The main problem in this research is to reach the point that if apparent in apparent condition denotes circumstances and situations, it would not have the potency to overrule the principle because it is the evidence of absolute hunch and so apparent condition is left behind unless that is recognized as valid by religion. Thus, the view of some Shi’ite and Sunni jurists denoting the priority of apparent condition, in terms of expansion and justification of conjecture is nullified. The results indicate that most of Islamic jurists maintain principle overrules apparent condition although some scholars of the religious sects, based on the theory of hindrance, give priority to apparent circumstances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Studying the Moderating Role of Financial Biases on Relationship between Financial Managers Individual Properties and Companies Circumstances on Financial Performance of Accepted Companies in Tehran Sock Exchange
Raheleh Moradi Faegh Ahmadi Hamidreza Kordlouei Jahanbakhsh AsadniaBehavioral biases can disturb the process of managers’ decision making and cause to the under estimate results. Therefore, in this research the effect of financial manager's individual properties and companies circumstances on financial performance of accepted com MoreBehavioral biases can disturb the process of managers’ decision making and cause to the under estimate results. Therefore, in this research the effect of financial manager's individual properties and companies circumstances on financial performance of accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange was studied trough the moderating role of financial biases. For this purpose statistical population included of financial managers of accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange. Also, for determining sample volume and sampling method, the Cochran's formula (421 persons) and available method were used. For data analyzing the structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS) method was applied. Results indicated that: a) “Financial manager's individual properties” has positive significant effect on companies' financial performance. b) “Companies circumstances” has positive significant effect on companies' financial performance. c) Entering financial biases as the moderating variable reduces the positive effect of financial manager's individual properties and companies' circumstances on companies' financial performance. Finally according to the inverse significant effect of behavioral biases of financial managers on financial performance of companies, adjusting the behavioral biases by consult with experts and participate in short run and long run training programs, suggested to financial managers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Main Factors affecting Happiness in Veteran's
اعظم نوفرستی نیما گنجی علی اکبر سلیمانیThe purpose of the study was to specify factors that influence happiness in Veterans. The research design was descriptive and correlational. All of the veterans in iran in 2012 were the population in this research. From among them, 1135 veterans from 10 provinces were s MoreThe purpose of the study was to specify factors that influence happiness in Veterans. The research design was descriptive and correlational. All of the veterans in iran in 2012 were the population in this research. From among them, 1135 veterans from 10 provinces were selected based on stratified quota sampling. Then, they completed Argyle Oxford Happiness Inventory (1995), the Big Five Inventory of John, Donahue and Kentle (1991), a researcher-made Noferesti Intentional Activity Scale (2012) and the demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Findings showed that the most important factors in happiness were: neuroticism, extroversion, intentional activities, physical health and income (P<0.0001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Effect of Uinoa Extract on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Indices In Hamsters
MOHAMMAD REZA EBAD SICHANI PARNIA POURHADI elham Moghtadaiee khorasganiInroduction & Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is on the rise worldwide, is one of the chronic liver injuries from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quinoa extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver produc MoreInroduction & Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is on the rise worldwide, is one of the chronic liver injuries from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quinoa extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver produced by high fat diet in hamstersMaterial and Method: In this experimental study, 50 hamsters were randomly divided into two groups: high-fat diet (40 heads) and control group (10 heads). After 1 month of high fat diet, hamsters were divided into 4 groups of 10. This group used a high-fat diet, the other 3 groups that received the extract diet were divided into doses of 400, 200, 100 mg / kg and were treated with the extract for 2 months. At the end of liver histology, the activity of liver enzymes and lipid profile in serum were examined.Results: Elevated serum triglycerides and cholesterol were seen in hamsters fed a high-fat diet (p<0.05). Treatment with the extract in different doses did not cause significant biochemical changes except in triglyceride and cholesterol in laboratory results(p<0.05). Histopathological results also confirmed the positive effects of quinoa extract treatment.Conclusion: Eating a high-fat diet led to fatty liver disease, which treatment with quinoa seed extract improved the symptoms of this disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Histophysiological and histochemical study of the intestine in golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with emphasis on Goblet cells
Fatemeh Pourvali seyed Mehdi Banan. Khojasteh Masood DelashoobInroduction & Objective: The intestines are an important organ in the body of rodents due to the digestion and absorption of food and water, digestive digestion, microbial activity, production of immunoglobulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the histology MoreInroduction & Objective: The intestines are an important organ in the body of rodents due to the digestion and absorption of food and water, digestive digestion, microbial activity, production of immunoglobulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the histology of the golden hamster intestine and its goblet cells using histological and histochemical techniques.Material and Methods: Five adult and healthy male golden hamsters with an average weight of 120 g were prepared from experimental animal. After sampling from different parts of the intestine and preparing tissue sections, tissue samples were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue methods and then studied by light microscope and the necessary micrographs for Histological studies were prepared .Results:In histopathological study, small and large intestine have 4 layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer and serosa. The intestinal epithelium was consisted of simple columnar cells with a basal oval nucleus, that Mucus secreting goblet cells were seen among the columnar cells which both acidic and neutral mucus were secreted by these cells. It should be noted that the number of goblet cells increased from duodenum to colon and it was positive in PAS and Alcian Blue.Conclusion: The results show that the anatomical and histological structure of the golden hamster intestine, despite minor differences, is very similar to that other rodents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effect of JCPOA on the Network Behavior Analysis of Tehran Stock Exchange Indexes
Salman Abbasian-Naghneh Reza Tehrani Mohammad Tamimi -
Open Access Article
10 - Mohammad Bagher Mirza Khosravi's view of women in the novel “Shams and Toghra”
Afsaneh AhangariConstitutional Revolution in Iran brought extensive cultural and social changes. A new view on Woman as a human being and considering her different aspects of life in the works of poets and writers was one of the consequences of these changes. Mohammad-Bagher Mirza Khos MoreConstitutional Revolution in Iran brought extensive cultural and social changes. A new view on Woman as a human being and considering her different aspects of life in the works of poets and writers was one of the consequences of these changes. Mohammad-Bagher Mirza Khosravi, the writer of the first historical novel in Iran and a constitutionalist the western region, in his book "Shams and Toghra" dealt with the role of women. In her novel, while expressing some of the beliefs of the people of the Qajar era about women, she divided them into three groups: aristocrats, concubines, and common and desert women, and expressed the characteristics of each class of these women. Since Mohammad Baghir Mirza was influenced by the political and social events of the constitutional era, it is possible that his view of women and their human rights was a different and distinct view from the ordinary people of the society of that time. The findings of this descriptive-analytical study indicate that Khosravi had a special attitude towards the aristocracy and considered only women of this class worthy of education and companionship. It is noteworthy that various cultural and social developments after constitutionalism and association with intellectuals have not had the slightest effect on Khosravi's thought and change in his attitude towards women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of an Acute PNF Stretching on the Rate of Force Development of Hamstring and Quadriceps Muscles among Athletes with Dynamic Knee Valgus
Fatemeh Alizadeh Parastoo ShamsehKohanIntroduction: PNF stretching is used to improve maximum muscle function, reduce muscle damage, reduce muscle stiffness and increase joint mobility before exercise. As a result, the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of an acute PNF stretching on the rate MoreIntroduction: PNF stretching is used to improve maximum muscle function, reduce muscle damage, reduce muscle stiffness and increase joint mobility before exercise. As a result, the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of an acute PNF stretching on the rate of force development of hamstring and quadriceps muscles among athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Methods: The samples of the present study included 12 young female athletes who were selected through available and targeted sampling and all of them had dynamic knee valgus. Subjects performed PNF stretching for the target muscle and then were placed on the force plate for relevant analysis. Their rate of force development was evaluated according to the established protocols. Since the investigation of the acute effect of stretching was desired by the researcher, PNF stretching process was performed for the target muscle before each test. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used for statistical analysis of the data by SPSS 24. Results: There is no statistically significant difference in the rate of force development of hamstring muscle after stretching between agonist and antagonist muscles (0.229). Although according to the results of this section, it can be stated that an acute PNF stretching has a significant effect on the rate of force development of hamstring muscle in athletes with dynamic knee valgus (0.017 and 0.016). Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, it can be said that for athletes with dynamic knee valgus, acute PNF stretching can be used to improve the rate of force development of hamstring muscle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Social development in Dylm and formation of Buwahid government
farnaz dehghaniConsidering the sociocultural factors in formation of government in Iran always have had a special positions and plays a key role on it . Formation of Dylmstan Shia government as a transformation marked the sociocultural role of Shia in fourth-century developments MoreConsidering the sociocultural factors in formation of government in Iran always have had a special positions and plays a key role on it . Formation of Dylmstan Shia government as a transformation marked the sociocultural role of Shia in fourth-century developments in Dylmstan . Existence of lots of Alavian in Tabarestan and Dylmstan because of their inaccessibility to oppressive caliphs and then familiarity of Dylaman with Sadat ideas and existence of a common enemy like Abbasian , degenerating of Alavian free-government , weakening their children , inefficiencies of the central government , losing the power of the Samanids , weakness of local government and releasing the uncontrolled fighting forces of Gils and Dylm caused the local government emerged from each side and became independent . The idea of a strong state and the revival of the ancient heritage of Iran permeated among many ethnic groups ,that in the meantime , the success of this local ideal idea most of all was allotted to the Shia family of Buey that appeared among the rebellious tribes of Dylm and could put not only Iran but also to Baghdad under their own authority. This paper is based on considering the social changes of Dylm in formation of Shia government Buwahid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Jurisprudence Basics for Local Research Circumstantial Evidence
shadi hassani Manssor Amirzadeh Jirkoli Javad MohammadalizadehThe local research method is interpreted in this way that each witness says his / her own information to the judge and it’s interpreted based on the words the stated the judge comes to this conclusion that they didn’t conspire to say lie. Now the local resea MoreThe local research method is interpreted in this way that each witness says his / her own information to the judge and it’s interpreted based on the words the stated the judge comes to this conclusion that they didn’t conspire to say lie. Now the local research circumstantial evidence is used with wide spread tradition title (or some times its synonym fame )in the jurisprudence . In the jurisprudence to authority of the widespread tradition some cases are stated such as narration , wide people method , the difficulty because of producing sufficient evidence which we can prove the wide spread tradition authority by each of them . Also, the wide spread domain in jurisprudence with high disputations – is divided into two limited and unlimited categories that by considering the total opinions, the wide spread tradition domains are death, devotion, freehold, ancestry and justice . The wide spread tradition in the jurisprudence and local research has some similarities and differences. In this regard there are some comments about the relationship between local research and wide spread tradition: the wide spread tradition as an independent reason , the wide spread tradition as witness confirmer and wide spread as the result of the local research . But the researcher states that the wide spread tradition is the same jurisprudence basic for the local research because in all cases like meaning , concept , scope , proof , reason and so on , they are the same . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Investigation of the Scope and Limits of Judge Intervention in Judicial Modification of Contracts from the Perspective of Iran and Egypt Law
Abdollah Khatib mohammadreza fallah Ali TavallaeiSometimes, after the conclusion of the contract and at the stage of implementation, the conditions governing the contract would change substantially, so that this change in circumstances was not foreseen by the parties at the time of concluding the contract, and this wo MoreSometimes, after the conclusion of the contract and at the stage of implementation, the conditions governing the contract would change substantially, so that this change in circumstances was not foreseen by the parties at the time of concluding the contract, and this would cause extreme hardship to the obliged party conventionally. In such a situation, the importance of the intervention of the magistrate in the contracts concluded and, finally, the modification of the contractor's obligations becomes an irrefutable necessity, but the important point is to determine the logical scope and limit for the intervention of the judges in the contracts involving the hardship, the necessity of which is also very tangible. Because in case of change in the circumstances, complying with the provisions of the contract would not be the actual intention of the parties to the agreement and not valid and acceptable by the holy legislator. Considering the above mentioned points, the important issue that we are looking for in this study is the determination of a logical framework for the intervention of judges in the contracts and whether the intervention of the judge in the contracts would be limitless and absolute or not? Investigations and results of this research, as well as the author's viewpoint, suggest that the intervention of the judge for making fair the contractual obligations is limited and is subject to certain conditions and formalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Contract adjustment due to economic fluctuations
Mohammad Reza Hafezi GHahestani Abbas Moghaddari Aimiri Abdol hamid MortazaviThe principle of the necessity of contracts (Pacta Sunt Servanda) has been considered and respected by lawyers in all legal systems and national laws of countries. As contracts and agreements indicate, legal and economic relations between individuals of the contract and MoreThe principle of the necessity of contracts (Pacta Sunt Servanda) has been considered and respected by lawyers in all legal systems and national laws of countries. As contracts and agreements indicate, legal and economic relations between individuals of the contract and as the main purpose of the contract is to create rights and obligations for the parties to the contract. sometimes some factors such as inflation, recession, sanctions and in general, economic fluctuations beyond the will of the parties, affect these contracts and cause differences between the parties. The occurrence of these events leads to a fundamental change in the circumstances and conditions of the contracts which makes the implementation of the contract for the obligor with excessive difficulty or unconventional losses. In such a situation, it is necessary to modify the contracts. Based on this need and by considering the increasing expansion of trade exchanges and concluding continuous contracts and inevitable economic developments, the present article investigates the impact of economic fluctuations on these contracts and the possibility of compensating for the imbalance created by resorting to contract modification. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that there is a modification of potential contract, but it is impossible by the principles of Feqh due to the proposed shortcomings. However, based on Article 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure and by using legal principles relying on the principle of interpretation of the will of the parties, the principle of good faith and fairness, and judicial procedure; it is possible for the courts to modify and revise the contract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Alterations in body weight and blood glucose level of female hamsters exposed to electromagnetic fields of cell phones
A.R Lotfi حبیب Aghdam ShahryarMicrowaves such as those emitted from electromagnetic fields of cell phones can penetrate live tissues and results in changes of ion distribution in membranes and may interfere with metabolic reactions. Considering the increasing use of cell phones, in the present study MoreMicrowaves such as those emitted from electromagnetic fields of cell phones can penetrate live tissues and results in changes of ion distribution in membranes and may interfere with metabolic reactions. Considering the increasing use of cell phones, in the present study the effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields of cell phones on body weight and blood glucose concentration of adult hamsters were investigated. Seventy two female hamsters were randomly allocated into three experimental groups. Group 1 served as the control group without the effect of electromagnetic field. Group 2 was exposed to electromagnetic field emitted by cell phones for 10 days (short term) and group 3 for 50 day (long term). In the latter groups, the exposure was 1 hour per day. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were weighed and blood glucose concentrations were determined by obtaining blood samples from 8 randomly selected hamsters in each group. The blood glucose level was significantly higher in long-term exposed group in comparison with the control and short-term exposed groups (175, 11.6 and 107 mg/dl, respectively) (p<0.01). Also, long-term exposed group had more weight gain compared with the control and short-term exposed groups (114.5, 11.6 and 101 gr, respectively) (p<0.01). In this study, long term (50 day period) exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by cell phones resulted in significant increase in body weight and blood glucose levels of hamsters. Therefore, in long term, exposure to these fields could increase blood glucose levels and body weight of rodents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Structural Analysis and Comparison the Physical Architecture of Educational Spaces for Children, the case study: Amsterdam Center for Homeless Children and Isfahan Autism Garden
Moein Khamse Ashari Seyedeh Marzieh TabaeianAbstractThis article attempts to compare and analyze two examples of Child Care locations to create an effective step towards improving the status of unaccompanied children and children with autism by finding the right answer. Analysis and comparison have a structural i MoreAbstractThis article attempts to compare and analyze two examples of Child Care locations to create an effective step towards improving the status of unaccompanied children and children with autism by finding the right answer. Analysis and comparison have a structural impact and provide clearer answers to identify and address the needs of children who are impaired for some reason. The aim of this study is to find the same answer as a result of comparing two projects implemented in this field. As a result of the background and theoretical foundations, it is inferred that space flexibility is one of the main design factors for children. It is also necessary to use the right and diverse volumes in simplicity and intricacy, the right decorations for the child and the dynamics of the plan. In addition to all these things what is important before designing and starting research is knowing the child and his characteristics and ultimately the unaccompanied child and autism. This research has been done in a fundamental way with a qualitative nature and a descriptive _analytic method and a comparative approach. Library and field methods have been used to collect basic information, Then two case examples are evaluated and compared . To examine the samples, the indicators were first determined for comparison, and according to the description, the examination of the spaces in both samples was considered taking into account the research topic. After evaluating all the points the principles of architectural design common components and distinctions and the positive and negative points of each building were analyzed. The positive and negative points in the findings section were analytically compared to be identified in the Amsterdam unaccompanied child care center and the Isfahan autism garden.Conflict of intrest: None declared.This article attempts to compare and analyze two examples of Child Care locations to create an effective step towards improving the status of unaccompanied children and children with autism by finding the right answer. Analysis and comparison have a structural impact and provide clearer answers to identify and address the needs of children who are impaired for some reason. The aim of this study is to find the same answer as a result of comparing two projects implemented in this field. As a result of the background and theoretical foundations, it is inferred that space flexibility is one of the main design factors for children. It is also necessary to use the right and diverse volumes in simplicity and intricacy, the right decorations for the child and the dynamics of the plan. In addition to all these things what is important before designing and starting research is knowing the child and his characteristics and ultimately the unaccompanied child and autism. This research has been done in a fundamental way with a qualitative nature and a descriptive _analytic method and a comparative approach. Library and field methods have been used to collect basic information, Then two case examples are evaluated and compared . To examine the samples, the indicators were first determined for comparison Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - شناسایی عوامل تعیین کننده مدیریت ریسک و سنجش تأثیر آن بر مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکت سهامی پتروشیمی تندگویان
علی معمار حمیده رشادت جودرون مایة این مقاله شناسایی عوامل تعیین کننده مدیریت ریسک و سنجش تأثیر آن بر مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکت سهامی پتروشیمی تندگویان شهر ماهشهر در سال 93- 1392 است. روش تحقیق مورد استفاده توصیفی - پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری شامل 200 نفر از کارکنانشرکت مورد مطالعه میباشد. برای ت Moreدرون مایة این مقاله شناسایی عوامل تعیین کننده مدیریت ریسک و سنجش تأثیر آن بر مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکت سهامی پتروشیمی تندگویان شهر ماهشهر در سال 93- 1392 است. روش تحقیق مورد استفاده توصیفی - پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری شامل 200 نفر از کارکنانشرکت مورد مطالعه میباشد. برای تست فرضیات این تحقیق از پرسشنامهای محقق ساخته مشتمل بر 45 سؤال استفاده گردید. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل یافتهها از آزمونهای کولموگروف – اسمیرنوف،رتبه بندی فریدمن، برازش نکویی خی دو، تی تک گروهی استفاده شده است. نتایج یافتهها از دیدگاه کارکنان شرکت مورد مطالعه نشان داد: مدیریت ریسک تاحدود زیادی میتواند بر مدیریت استراتژیک(انتقال ریسک، اجتناب از ریسک، کاهش ریسک، پذیریش ریسک) مؤثر باشد. و از نظر محتوا، فعالیت و پیامدها تاحدود زیادی میتواند بر مدیریت استراتژیک مؤثر باشد. همچنین طبق رتبه بندی آزمون فریدمن بین میانگین رتبههای تأثیر عوامل تعیین کننده مدیریت ریسک(محتوا، فعالیت، شرایط، پیامدها) بر مدیریت استراتژیک تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. که میزان تأثیر مدیریت ریسک از نظر محتوا بر مدیریت استراتژیک با میانگین رتبه(88/2) بالاترین و دسترسی آنان و تأثیر مدیریت ریسک از نظر شرایط بر مدیریت استراتژیک با میانگین رتبـه(17/2) ضعیف ترین تأثیر را نشان میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Effectiveness of 8 weeks of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Agility and Explosive Power in Female Students
Hojatollah Nikbakht Fatemeh HosseiniIntroduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the effective of 8 weeks of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training on agility and explosive power among female students in department of physical education and sports sciences in Islamic Azad University MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the effective of 8 weeks of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training on agility and explosive power among female students in department of physical education and sports sciences in Islamic Azad University, Ali Abad Katoul branch. Methodology: Forty one participants selected for this study. The subjects were randomized in two groups included experimental group (N=21) and control group (N=20). Experimental group performed for 8 weeks, 3 times per week and at least 2 minutes PNF stretching protocol per session after warm up. The control group didn’t participate in PNF protocol. The subjects measured in before and after sessions. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean explosive power of the experimental group in pre and posttest, while there was no significant difference between the mean agility (p ≤ 0.05Conclusion: Results of the study recommended that 8 weeks of training that facilitates deep neuromuscular receptors by stretching-releasing the hamstring muscle method can increase the explosive power, so use this method to athletes who successfully perform their skills to power functions and need an explosion, it is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The effect of seven weeks of hamstring static stretching movements on flexibility and speed of young football players
Nasser Bay Shahnaz Noorian Mahmood SheikhThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of seven weeks of static hamstring stretching on flexibility and speed of adolescent football players. The population of the study included seventy six youth football players in Ramian city in 2017. Twenty four foot MoreThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of seven weeks of static hamstring stretching on flexibility and speed of adolescent football players. The population of the study included seventy six youth football players in Ramian city in 2017. Twenty four football players were selected by available sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The Wells test was used to measure the flexibility of the participants and the 20-meter sprint test was used to measure the speed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for statistical analysis. In the inferential section, independent and paired t-tests were used.The results showed that seven weeks of static hamstring stretching had an effect on the flexibility of adolescent football players. Also, the results showed that seven weeks of static hamstring stretching affected the speed of adolescent football players. According to the finding, it's recommended that static hamstring stretching improve the performance of adolescent football players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effect of six weeks band resistance training on performance parameters in young soccer players
Hamoon Deldar Siavash Rahmati Behzad TaatiBackground and purpose: Functional indicators and specifically, balance, flexibility and strength of hamstring muscles can have a significant impact on the competitive performance of soccer players, so that it can even reduce the injuries of soccer players to some exten MoreBackground and purpose: Functional indicators and specifically, balance, flexibility and strength of hamstring muscles can have a significant impact on the competitive performance of soccer players, so that it can even reduce the injuries of soccer players to some extent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using Theraband(elastic band) along with regular football training on the performance indicators of soccer players.Material and Methods: 16 soccer players working in the leagues of Tehran province participated in this research and were randomly divided into two groups of eight people, including the Theraband group (usual soccer training and Theraband training) and the control group (usual soccer training). The training protocol included six weeks of 90-minute football training and 3 sessions per week. The difference between the exercises of the two groups was the core of the exercises in 20 minutes, and the Theraband group did special exercises with the Theraband stretcher during this 20-minute period. The pre-test and post-tests of both groups were taken in the same way and at the same time. The players' balance was measured by the Romberg test, and the players' flexibility was measured by the Wells test (sitting and extending the arms), and the strength of the hamstring muscles was measured by the Biodex model dynamometer. 3 Made in the USA was measured. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - فیتوشیمیایی اسانس چای کوهی Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl.)) جمع آوری شده از رویشگاه طبیعی در غرب استان اصفهان
فاطمه سلیمانی میمند محمدرضا وهابی محمد فضیلتی وحید کریمیانمقدمه و هدف: خانواده نعناعیان یکی از بزرگ­ترین و شناخته­شده­ترین خانواده­های گیاهان گل­دار با حدود 220 جنس و بیش از 4000 گونه در کل جهان می­باشد. جنس استاخیس یا گل سنبله ای یکی از بزرگترین جنس­های خانواده نعناع و دارای 300 گونه است که در مناط Moreمقدمه و هدف: خانواده نعناعیان یکی از بزرگ­ترین و شناخته­شده­ترین خانواده­های گیاهان گل­دار با حدود 220 جنس و بیش از 4000 گونه در کل جهان می­باشد. جنس استاخیس یا گل سنبله ای یکی از بزرگترین جنس­های خانواده نعناع و دارای 300 گونه است که در مناطق استوایی و نیمه استوایی هر دو نیم­کره پراکنده شده است. برای فلور ایران 34 گونه از این جنس گزارش شده است. استان اصفهان نیز دارای گیاهان دارویی متنوع از جمله گونه چای کوهی (Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl.) می­باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی فیتوشیمیایی چای کوهی در منطقه غرب استان اصفهان انجام شد. روش تحقیق: گیاه چای کوهی از پنج رویشگاه اصلی (افوس و سیاه­دره فریدن، گلستان­کوه خوانسار، هورستانه گلپایگان و فریدونشهر) در منطقه غرب استان اصفهان جمع آوری گردید و سپس در شرایط سایه و دمای محیط خشک شد. اسانس گیاه به روش تقطیر با آب و با دستگاه کلونجر استخراج گردید و نوع و مقدار ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی مجهز به طیف سنج جرمی( (GC-MS تجزیه و شناسایی شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات جرماکرن–د (Germacrene-D) (%96/15)، تیمول (Thymol) (%64/14)، گاما-کادینن (_Cadineneγ) (%33/13)، آلفا-پینن (α-Pinene) (%80/7) و ترانس-کاریوفیلن (trans-Caryophyllene) (%91/6) اصلی­ترین اجزای تشکیل دهنده اسانس گونه چای کوهی در منطقه مورد نظر می­باشند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به این­که گیاه چای کوهی دارای خاصیت داروئی می­باشد. اسانس اندام هوایی گیاه گلدار چای کوهی می تواند یکی از منابع مهم مونوترپن ها و سزکوئی ترپن ها باشد که دارای فواید و کاربردهای فراوانی هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - بیان ژنهای میوجنین و میوستاتین در گوسفند بلوچی
ک. فروتن م. امین افشار ک. زرگری م. چمنی ن. امام جمعه کاشانژن میوجنین (MYoG) بر ساخت و رشد میوفیبریل­های ماهیچه و افزایش تولید گوشت مؤثر است. ژن میوستاتین (MSTN) به عنوان یک کنترل کننده منفی در رشد ماهیچه­های اسکلتی شناخته شده است، هنگامی که نرخ جهش در توالی این ژن بالا رود سطوح بیان میوستاتین نیز کاهش میابد. این فرآیند Moreژن میوجنین (MYoG) بر ساخت و رشد میوفیبریل­های ماهیچه و افزایش تولید گوشت مؤثر است. ژن میوستاتین (MSTN) به عنوان یک کنترل کننده منفی در رشد ماهیچه­های اسکلتی شناخته شده است، هنگامی که نرخ جهش در توالی این ژن بالا رود سطوح بیان میوستاتین نیز کاهش میابد. این فرآیند منجربه افزایش تمایز و تکثیر سلول­های ماهیچه­ای در دوران جنینی و افزایش درصد ماهیچه در طی دوره رشد گوسفند می­شود. گوسفند بلوچی یکی از مشهورترین نژادهای گوسفند در ایران بوده و سهم مهمی در صنعت تولید گوشت کشور دارد. جهت ارزیابی بیان نسبی سطوح دو ژن میوجنین و میوستاتین در ماهیچه­های لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی از واکنش qRT-PCR استفاده شد. در این بررسی سطوح بیان نسبی این دو ژن عمده در فواصل دو گروه سنی 9 تا 12 ماهگی در دو جنس نر و ماده گوسفند بلوچی مطالعه شد. نتایج حاصل آنالیز RT-PCR برای بیان نسبی دو ژن میوستاتین و میوجنین در ماهیچه لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی اثر جنس تفاوت معنی­داری بین نر و ماده در سنین مختلف رشد نبود (05/0<P)، همچنین تفاوت معنی­داری در مقایسه بین نرهای 12 ماهه و ماده­های 12 ماهه (05/0<P) و مقایسه بین نرهای 9 ماهه و ماده­های 9 ماهه (05/0<P) مشاهده نشد. برای تعیین اثر سن بر روی بیان نسبی ژن­های میوستاتین و میوجنین در ماهیچه لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی مقایسه­ای بین سن 9 ماهگی و 12 ماهگی در هر دو جنس انجام شد و تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). بنظر می­رسد جنسیت و سن تأثیر مستقیم بر بیان ژن میوستاتین و میوجنین در این نژاد ندارد (05/0<P). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Myth Characters in the Poetry of the Constitutional Revolution
غلامرضا رحیمی رحمان ذبیحی سمیه عباس زاده Mythological elements play a significant role in the history of Persian literature. In the age of Samanids and Ghaznavids the poets used to attach importance to myths. Yet, in the age of Seljuqs, the myths and national beliefs were neglected. During the P More Mythological elements play a significant role in the history of Persian literature. In the age of Samanids and Ghaznavids the poets used to attach importance to myths. Yet, in the age of Seljuqs, the myths and national beliefs were neglected. During the Persian Constitutional Revolution, the poets used the myths for stimulating the feelings. In the present article, by studying the poems of the age of Persian Constitutional Revolution, the role of myths characters like Jamshid, Fereidoun, Zāl and Kāveh are shown in the works of the poets. Such poets as Adib al-mamālek-e Farāhānī and Mohammad Taqi-e Bahār have taken a classical and moderate approach towards Iranian myths . But some others such as Āref-e Qazvinī, Nasim-e Shomāl and Mīrzādeh Eshghī have chosen an extreme approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Data mining of Iranian stock market by modeling complex network filtering based on MST
Hadi Esmaeilpour MoghadamAbstract One of the most important problems in modern finance is finding efficient ways to summarize and visualize stock market data. Modeling the filtering of complex networks in the stock market allows this to be achieved by reducing the market size, obtaining reliab MoreAbstract One of the most important problems in modern finance is finding efficient ways to summarize and visualize stock market data. Modeling the filtering of complex networks in the stock market allows this to be achieved by reducing the market size, obtaining reliable information with less disturbance. Since stock price changes are not independent of each other, the study of the correlation between stock price changes provides a better understanding of market performance for investors. Stock market analysis based on complex networks allows studying the correlation of stock prices. In this paper, using the stock market data in the Tehran Stock Exchange, the Iranian stock market network is created by the threshold method, and then the network filtering is based on MST. The results show that the filtration modeling of Iran's stock market network based on the MST can form a subset of the stock market that follows the performance of the entire market with a significant reduction in size and has a similar degree of diversification with the entire market. These analyzes provide a more in-depth insight into the structure of the stock market while reducing the size. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Effect of 8 Weeks of Endurance Exercise, Consumption of Vanadium and Stevia on Structural Changes in the Hamstring Muscle of Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Atefeh Sarhadi Ali Hassani Maliheh ArdakanizadehLoss of muscle mass is one of the side effects of diabetes that may be delayed by regulating blood sugar levels through exercise or herbal supplements. Thirty-five male rats (180±10 g) were assigned to seven groups of control, diabetic, diabetic + exercise, diabe MoreLoss of muscle mass is one of the side effects of diabetes that may be delayed by regulating blood sugar levels through exercise or herbal supplements. Thirty-five male rats (180±10 g) were assigned to seven groups of control, diabetic, diabetic + exercise, diabetic + vanadium, diabetic + exercise + vanadium, diabetic + stevia, and diabetic + exercise + stevia. To induce type 1 diabetes, streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and vanadium extract (1mg/ml) was daily dissolved in water. The endurance training program consisted of eight weeks of treadmill running, five days a week, starting at 15 minutes at 20 meters/minute and ending at 35 minutes at 30 meters/minute in the final week. Histopathological changes in brain tissue were examined using a light microscope. In order to normalize the parametric data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and for their analysis, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test, and for non-parametric data, Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05) were used. Body weight values in all six experimental groups significantly decreased compared to healthy control group (p=0.001), in vanadium group compared to vanadium + exercise (p = 0.01), and in stevia + exercise group compared to stevia (p = 0.04). In the diabetic group, slight changes in cell number and size improved with exercise along with vanadium and stevia, and consumption of stevia, as well as cell degeneration with exercise along with vanadium and stevia, and consumption of vanadium and stevia (p=0.001). Eight weeks of endurance exercise, stevia, and vanadium intake appear to be effective in regulating body weight as well as improving the hamstring muscle damage caused by diabetes. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Comparison between the two reduction methods of hypothermia induced by anesthesia in hamster
H. Komeili, A. Taghipour S.H Shirazi beheshtiha, S.A Alavi,As ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine is commonly used in anaesthesia of hamster and hypothermia isthe most dangerous side effect of this type of anaesthesia, it seems necessary to find a preventive method. Todayapplication of thermal pad as a physical method to in MoreAs ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine is commonly used in anaesthesia of hamster and hypothermia isthe most dangerous side effect of this type of anaesthesia, it seems necessary to find a preventive method. Todayapplication of thermal pad as a physical method to increase body temperature is recommended in many referencesreferences. Thermal pad as a physical intermediate in increasing the body temperature has problems and complications, hyperthermia induced by continuous monitoring of the body temperature during anaesthesia, increasing thechance of bleeding from the surgical region and inability to sterilize thermal pads are among these side effects.In this study the effect of injection of dexamethasone was compared with thermal pad. So we provided 18 goldenmale hamster 6 month age with average weight of 150+_30 grams andThey were randomly divided into 3 groups. 1st group (control): body temperature without using dexamethasoneand thermal pad was recorded after anaesthesia. 2nd group (thermal pad): during induction of anaesthesia hamsters was placed on thermal pad. 3rd group (dexamethasone): simultaneously with injection of anaesthetic drugsdexamethasone was administered and body temperature was recorded after 10 minuets of induction of anaesthesia.Statistical study of data showed that the hypothermia diminished in the 3rd group slightly, but there is clear difference between body temperature before and after anaesthesia. In the 3rd group there was not a cleared differencebetween body temperature before and after the anaesthesia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Psychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S)
احمد به پژوه زهرا کماسیPsychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S)Psychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S) Manuscript profile
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