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Open Access Article
1 - Analysis of key drivers that influence pattern of land cover in rural areas of East Guilan in order to making a foresight
mohammad ali rahimi pour sheikhani nejadIn this study in order to making a foresight and sustainable land planning in rural areas of east guilan as a special ecological zone including 744 villages Essential variables Were collected by using questionnaire & Delphi Method with cooperation of experts. Influe MoreIn this study in order to making a foresight and sustainable land planning in rural areas of east guilan as a special ecological zone including 744 villages Essential variables Were collected by using questionnaire & Delphi Method with cooperation of experts. Influence coefficient was calculated. Number of influential variables on changes in land cover were 93 ones. (in the local, regional& national level) key drivers were detected by MIC-MAC. In order to creating scenario 19 influential key drivers on changes in land cover were homogenized by a 20-person professional pannel.9 main descriptors were defined, then for every descriptor 3 Variant were defined( express possible moods from most critical to the best). In the next step three scenario based on strong consistency with 15 years interval were obtained by Cross-Impact Balance matrix and Monte Carlo Simulation in Scenario Wizard. Finally, the resulting scenarios, based on the most effective in conservation of earth's natural coverage and continuity of stability, with titles balanced ecological changes, relatively balanced ecological changes and imbalanced ecological changes were named. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Land cover changes Assessment in Malayer using landscape metrics
Mohammad Javad Amiri Afsaneh Asgaripor Mahmoud ZoghiBackground and Objective: Due to the negative effects caused by the inappropriate use of land and land use changes, it is necessary to be aware about the variability process in the environmental impacts assessment witch arising from different developments to have the be MoreBackground and Objective: Due to the negative effects caused by the inappropriate use of land and land use changes, it is necessary to be aware about the variability process in the environmental impacts assessment witch arising from different developments to have the best planning and sustainable management of land. This study was conducted to check the effects of landscape changes in the city of Malayer. Malayer city due to various factors such as population growth, modernization of suburban neighborhoods and etc. is experiencing changes in land cover but among them the most effective factor is policies managers. Method: For achieving the studies objectives first step was mapping land cover change analysis, Landsat satellite images were used in the period between 2000 and 2014 and metrics were: class area (CA), number of patches (NP), patch density (PD), largest patch index (LPI) and landscape shape index (LSI). Findings: Findings like landscape metrics analysis shows wide replacement of open lands in the area with green and built lands. This means that from 2000 to 2014 green space is nearly doubled and open land also have decreased about 50%. Also the increase of number of patches was more than double that shows the microlithic landscape in the region. Discussion and Conclusion: The final results show that the changes of green lands are promising and improving and behind of this improvement there is nothing except management focus on green space which should continue in the future for sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effects of Tree Species on Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Properties in Natural Forest and Plantations of Northern Iran (Case study: Darabkola Forest-Sari)
azam soleimani Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Ali Reza Massah Bavani Mostafa Jafari Rosa FrancavigliaBackground and Objective: One of the things that keep us away from sustainable development is the increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and consequently the rise in global temperature. Forest ecosystems and their optimal management play an important role in reducing atm MoreBackground and Objective: One of the things that keep us away from sustainable development is the increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and consequently the rise in global temperature. Forest ecosystems and their optimal management play an important role in reducing atmospheric carbon. Method: In this study, the effects of natural forests and four plantations on the soil organic carbon and soil properties in Darab Kola forest were investigated. Soil samples were collected in 2016 from three depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm. Findings: The results of analysis of variance of soil properties showed that there is a significant difference between the land covers and different depths in most of the studied parameters. Also, soil organic carbon storage at 0-60 cm depth from each of the coatings is reduced as follows: cypress> Alder> Natural forest> Oak> Maple. Discussionand Conclusion: Plantation can play an important role in absorbing carbon dioxide. Of course, different factors such as type of tree species, forestry age and depth of soil, habitat conditions and forestry operations can affect carbon sequestration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Monitoring of Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing Technique and GIS (Case study: Khojin watershed, Khalkhal)
Mahsa Safaripour Dariush NaseriBackground and Objective: Study of resources changes and destruction in previous can be useful in the planning and optimal use of resources to control inappropriate changes. Because of land use changes occur on large-scale, remote sensing techniques is a useful and valu MoreBackground and Objective: Study of resources changes and destruction in previous can be useful in the planning and optimal use of resources to control inappropriate changes. Because of land use changes occur on large-scale, remote sensing techniques is a useful and valuable tool for monitoring the changes. The aim of this research is to monitoring of land cover changes in Khojin watershed located in the south of Ardabil province using remote sensing technique. Method: First TM, ETM+ and OLI images for the year 1986, 2001 and 2016 were collected respectively and after geometric and elevation corrections, images were classified using maximum likelihood classification method. To increase classification accuracy, NDVI, elevation and slope percent layers were used. Kappa and overall accuracy indexes were used to calculate classified images accuracy. Findings: Based on results, in the first period (1986-2001) 22.36%, in the second period (2001-2016) 20.73% and in the third period (1986-2016) 28.08% of area has changed and in all 3 periods, changing from rangeland to dry farming reached the most change.­ Discoution and Conclusion: Results showed despite high capability of Landsat images in mapping land use, using additional layers like NDVI, elevation and slope percent can improve classification accuracy of classified images. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Monitoring of Thirty Years of Land Cover Changes using Remote Sensing and GIS (Case study: Qaresu watershed, Ardabil)
Fereshteh Namdar Shahla Mahmoudi Abazar Esmali Ouri Ebrahim PaziraBackground and Objective: Studying the extent of change and destruction in resources in previous can contribute to efficient planning and utilization of these resources and limiting similar adverse changes in the future. Since changes in resources occur over large expan MoreBackground and Objective: Studying the extent of change and destruction in resources in previous can contribute to efficient planning and utilization of these resources and limiting similar adverse changes in the future. Since changes in resources occur over large expanses of land, remote sensing technology can serve as a essential and valuable tool for monitoring these changes. The purpose of this study was to monitor the land cover changes in Qaresu watershed in Ardabil province using the remote sensing technique. Methods: In this study land cover changes was consulted in 30 years from 1985 to 2015. Landsat images of the study area pertaining to July 1985, 2000 and 2015 were acquired. After geometric and elevation corrections, the images were classified by the supervised approach using the maximum likelihood method. The NDVI index, DEM, and slope layers were used to enhance the image classification accuracy. Classification accuracy was assessed with Kappa index and overall accuracy indexes. Findings: The results showed 20.43% change in the watershed’s land uses over the period from 1985 to 2000, 41.426% over the period from 2000 to 2015, and 27.99% over the period from 1985 to 2015. In all three periods, the greatest changes were in dry farming. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed despite high capability of Landsat images in mapping land use, using additional layers like NDVI, elevation and slope percent can improve separation accuracy of land using. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Survey of the effects of land cover changes on rangelands of Ghoorichay chatchment using remote sensing technique
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Dariush Naseri Elham Forootan leila gheiratiBackground and Objective: In the present time, land use changes are being conducted without clear and logical programming or regarding the environmental effects of the changes. Because land use changes occur in a large scale, remote sensing technique is a useful and val MoreBackground and Objective: In the present time, land use changes are being conducted without clear and logical programming or regarding the environmental effects of the changes. Because land use changes occur in a large scale, remote sensing technique is a useful and valuable tool for monitoring the changes. The aim of this research is investigation of the effects of land cover changes on rangelands of Ghoorichay chatchment located in the north of Ardabil province using remote sensing technique.Material and Methodology: In this investigation, TM images for year 1987, ETM images for year 2001 and OLI-TIRS images for year 2015 were collected and analyzed. After image pre-processing enhancements and corrections, the images were classified using maximum likelihood supervised classification method. Then, considering study area features, the images were classified into four land cover classes: dry land, range land, bare land and village. Moreover, NDVI index and slope layer were used to increase classification accuracy. At last, land cover changes and their effects on the range lands were detected. Overall accuracies and kappa coefficient were evaluated.Findings: According to the results, during the studied period, 5885 hectare (49.7%) of study area had changed. The most land cover changes were related to range land with intensive decrease of 2540 hectares (21.4%) which was changed into bare land and dry land.Discussion and Conclusion: Additional information such as slope layer and NDVI index in assistant with supervised classification of satellite images can increase the accuracy of image classification to provide land cover maps. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Land Use Planning and Water Resources Management; Resource Planning Instead of Activities Planning (Case Study: Caspian Bas
Amir Hedayati Aghmashhadi Hamidreza Jafari Naser Mehrdadi Hedayat Fahmi Parvin Farshchi Samaneh Zahediction: Caspian basin is one of the six basins of the country due to the development of humanactivities over the past decades by land use plans because severe changes in land cover in this basin itcan cause undesirable effects on water resources in the basin.Material and Morection: Caspian basin is one of the six basins of the country due to the development of humanactivities over the past decades by land use plans because severe changes in land cover in this basin itcan cause undesirable effects on water resources in the basin.Material and Methods: In this paper, to evaluate the effect of land use on water resources in the formof land-cover change, First, to assess the changes in land cover in the Caspian basin, And then thepressure on water resources scoring using FANP method then in the IDRISI software maps are madeand in the Arc GIS maps overlay. Finally, and by Excel software Regression and correlation betweenchanges in land cover and land use management of water resources in the Caspian basin will bedetermined.Results and Discussion: The results show that in the period between 2001 and 2012 Talesh sub-basinwith 28.91 % and Sefidrud with 8.18 % had maximum and lowest land cover changes in the Caspianbasin. Also final scoring of water resource management in the Caspian basin shown that Area subbasinwith 0.499617 and Haraz-Ghareh Su sub-basin with 0.158627 had maximum and lowest scoreof water resource management in the Caspian basin. Also the results of the dependence of changes inland cover by land use management and water resources management in the Caspian sub basin shown1- PhD Student of Environmental Planning, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran2- Professor of Environmental Planning and Management, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran.3- Professor of Environmental Engineering Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Environment, University ofTehran, Tehran, Iran.4- PhD Hydrology and Water Resources, Deputy of Major Planning Affairs of Ab and Abfa, Iran Ministry ofEnergy.5- Professor of Costal Engineering, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Campus, IslamicAzad University, Tehran, Iran.6- PhD Student of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and ResearchCampus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.J.Env.Sci,TechJ.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 17, No.3, Autumn 2015195that the dependence of R-Squared is equal to 0.645, indicating a relatively high dependence on thefield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Evaluation of land cover changes in Kaftareh watershed using remote sensing technique
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Dariush NaseriBackground and Objective: Land cover change detection is an effective tool for managing natural resources and evaluating ecosystem changes. The aim of this research is monitoring land cover changes using remotely sensed images and GIS in Kaftareh watershed in Ardabil pr MoreBackground and Objective: Land cover change detection is an effective tool for managing natural resources and evaluating ecosystem changes. The aim of this research is monitoring land cover changes using remotely sensed images and GIS in Kaftareh watershed in Ardabil province. Method: In this investigation, Landsat 5 TM images for years 1987 and 1998 and Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS images for year 2014 were collected and analyzed. For this purpose, atmospheric and radiometric corrections, the images of every year was classified using maximum likelihood supervised classification method. Then, considering study area features, the images were classified into four land cover classes: dry land, range land, irrigated land, garden land and bare land. Moreover, NDVI index was used to differentiate between range land and bare land. Slope layer was used to distinguish between range land and dry land. Findings: According to the results, during the period 1987-2014, 68.91 percent of study area haven’t been changed. 1970.68 hectares of range land were destroyed and changed into bare land, dry land and garden land. Moreover, dry land, irrigated and garden land and bare land were increased 26% (1808.20 hectares), 6.97% (43.54 hectares) and 33.99% (100.78 hectares), respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Additional information such as slope layer and NDVI index in assistant with supervised classification of satellite images can increase the accuracy of image classification to provide land cover maps. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Change detection of land use /land cover using object oriented classification of satellite images (Case study: Ghare Sou basin, Ardabil province)
Behrooz Khodabandehlou Hassan Khavarian Nehzak Ardavan GhorbaniThe accuracy of land use changes map obtained from remote sensing data depends on the accuracy of each of the land use maps during the time period studied. In this study, TM and OLI images in 1989 and 2018 and an object-oriented classification method were used to invest MoreThe accuracy of land use changes map obtained from remote sensing data depends on the accuracy of each of the land use maps during the time period studied. In this study, TM and OLI images in 1989 and 2018 and an object-oriented classification method were used to investigate the land use/ land cover change trends with an emphasis on agricultural land use in the Ghare Sou basin. After the pre-processing, the object-oriented processing using the multiresolution segmentation method was applied. In addition to the spectral bands, some additional information such as a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), band means, the standard deviation of bands and geometry characteristics were used to extract land use in order to obtain more accurate results. Of these non-spectral data used, 15 characteristics were selected by Feature space optimization (FSO) method to be used in the nearest neighborhood algorithm. The kappa coefficient of the land use maps for 1989 and 2018 was 85% and 96%, respectively, indicating the reliability of the object-oriented classification results. In the next step, the map of the changes was produced comparing the classified maps. According to the results of the change detection, the agricultural land use during the studied period has an increase of 73849 hectares, mainly due to the destruction of rangelands and its conversion to the agricultural land. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Analysis and comparison of land use/land cover changes using artificial neural network (Case study: lands of Taft and Mehriz)
Alireza Sepehri Ali Akbar Jamali Mohamad HasanzadehThe areas of natural resources and vegetation in the Taft and Mehriz townships in recent decades have undergone changes due to its close proximity to the capital of Yazd province. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent and direction and prediction of land and MoreThe areas of natural resources and vegetation in the Taft and Mehriz townships in recent decades have undergone changes due to its close proximity to the capital of Yazd province. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent and direction and prediction of land and vegetation changes in these two cities. In this study, Landsat 5 (1998, 2004 and 2008) and Landsat 8 (2017) satellite images in the period from May to June was used. Modeling land use/land cover changes were carried out based on supervised classification. The process of changes was analyzed using land change modeling and perceptron neural network method. The results showed that 3% (558.8 ha) of land and vegetation cover of Taft to Bayer and 1.3% (209.9 ha) were added to the urban lands and reduced from the lands of gardens by 4.3% (559.2 ha), this is the highest rating. The amount of 2.8% (678.8 ha) of land and vegetation in Mehriz Bayer and 1.7% (184 ha) has been changed to urban residential land. In terms of urban expansion, Mehriz has had the highest amount of reducing vegetation. The results show that land use and land cover changes in Taft city where more than Mehriz city so that most of these changes were related to gardens, but in terms of area of land use and land use conversion in Mehriz city has the highest value More intense. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - An analysis of the land use/land cover changes of Shadegan International Wetland in the last two decades
Asma Rafei Afshin Danehkar Mehdi Zandebasiri Masoud BagherzadekarimiBackground and Objective Wetlands, as one of the most sensitive ecosystems on Earth, are always facing various changes in their range, and changes in cover and use are among the most effective of these changes. The land has always been affected by human activities and u MoreBackground and Objective Wetlands, as one of the most sensitive ecosystems on Earth, are always facing various changes in their range, and changes in cover and use are among the most effective of these changes. The land has always been affected by human activities and uses. Those human activities that are limited to certain places and find a relatively stable position, create human uses. Therefore, analysis of wetland change has become a management priority. land use/land cover (LULC) plays a key role in the study of environmental developments at the local, regional and global levels. Human activity and change in the Earth's surface lead to changes in the structure and ecological processes of the Earth's natural systems. These changes mainly affect the main aspects of land functions (including energy balance, water, soil, and food network). In addition, pressure on natural resources, which is due to the human need for environmental resources and is often influenced by population growth drivers, leads to changes in the Earth's surface. Landscape changes due to human interventions lead to different developments and trends in land use/land cover. Therefore, time/coverage analysis is very important for understanding and routing spatial changes from the past to the present and planning for the future. Today, high-resolution multispectral and multi-temporal satellite data are used as an essential tool for estimating aspects such as vegetation, deforestation, and urban sprawl. Remote sensing and GIS technology provide a platform for studying landscape deformation across the earth's surface. Remote sensing data provide valuable information in a relatively short time and cost-effectively. High-resolution satellite imagery or aerial photographs can be used to study land use/land cover changes in different ecosystems and areas. The fact that Shadegan Wetland is one of the international wetlands in the country, which is currently on the Montreux list due to human interventions, can assess the developments around the wetland, especially in the process and type of land use/land cover changes, in identifying the drivers The main impact on this wetland is associated with its practical importance and helping to remove this wetland from the Montreux list. And waterfront can be used to adjust the exit bill of this wetland from the Montreux list. In this study, integrated remote sensing and GIS methods have been used to detect land use/land cover changes in the enclosed area and affect Shadegan wetland.Materials and Methods The study area is located in Shabangan Wetland, surrounded by the Ozon Plain. Due to the immediate man-made effects on Shadegan Wetland, especially the role of the surrounding roads and waterways, this area was closed on the latest Google Earth satellite images and then transferred to the layers used. In this area, the international distance is 48 degrees and 19 minutes and 16 seconds to 49 degrees and 3 minutes and 44 seconds and the northern latitude is 29 degrees and 55 minutes, 44 seconds to 38 degrees, 28 minutes and 42 seconds at a distance of about 60 kilometres. It is located south of Ahvaz, the capital of the province, and 5 km south of Shadegan. In this research, images of the 20 years of the Landsat satellite from the years 1999-to 2019 have been used. ENVI software is also used to classify images. After preprocessing and making the relevant corrections using the supervised classification method and the algorithm, the maximum likelihood of processing and highlighting the images was done, and also the kappa accuracy and coefficient of each layer were estimated for accuracy. Then, the preparation of cover and land use maps included different classes of natural land cover and human land uses. In the detection, the most important changes were made around the Shadegan wetland, so in this process, major changes in the existing classes were considered. To detect changes, the Change Detection method was used in ENVI software, which can provide complete information on changes in land use/land cover types. Land use changes were selected in 5 periods with a time interval of 20 (2019-1999).Results and Discussion Five-time periods of satellite data on the use and coverage of Shadegan Wetland in the years 2017, 2014, 2001, 1999, and 2019 were prepared after pre-processing and making relevant corrections using the supervised classification method and the maximum probability of processing and highlighting algorithm. Pictures were taken. The Kappa coefficient and the overall accuracy coefficient were used to evaluate the accuracy of the generated maps and according to the results, the 2019 data had the highest kappa coefficient and the highest overall accuracy. According to land cover and land use classes, the land use/land cover map of the study area was prepared for the mentioned five time periods. The findings of this study show that the land area of Shadegan wetland has changed from about 90,000 hectares in 2001 to about 150,000 hectares in 1999 during the 20 years ending 2019 the area of the wetland has decreased by about 40% in two years. After that, the wetland lands have increased and this increase continues gradually until today. However, despite this increase, the area of the wetland has not been provided in 1999, the area has decreased by about 16% compared to this year.Conclusion Considering the trend of bare lands without cover and saline lands, it can be concluded that these two diagrams have an inverse trend towards each other, which can be seen at this point or the intersection of the two desired covers. For this purpose, the desired cover must be obtained, which is created by runoff, so that in a period, the lands began to lose their coverage and became saline lands and salt ponds. Also, considering the increase in uncovering land in 2001 and the water trend, it can be concluded that this increase was due to the decrease in surface water. Due to the trend of saline lands in the relevant period and being in line with the water trend, if the water supply of the wetland is provided, thousands of saline’s will become natural lands. Also, the relative increase in water in recent years and the decrease in bare uncovered land, and the increase in saline land, indicate that the water that replaces bare uncovered land is saline. The two groups of land use and agricultural activity did not cause drastic changes in the study period and according to Table 4, the average percentage of changes in these two land uses was 4.5% and more than 1%, respectively, which is expected to have a significant impact on There is no process of destruction and destruction of lands around the wetland and therefore cannot be considered as a critical factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Land use change modeling using artificial neural network and markov chain (Case study: Middle Coastal of Bushehr Province)
Mehdi Gholamalifard Mohsen Mirzayi Sharif Joorabian ShooshtariCoastal lands of Bushehr Province has a high importance in terms of marine exporting and importing, oil and gas reserves, agriculture, nuclear plant, suitable condition for fishing and tourist attractions. Therefore new desirable methods for monitoring and modelin MoreCoastal lands of Bushehr Province has a high importance in terms of marine exporting and importing, oil and gas reserves, agriculture, nuclear plant, suitable condition for fishing and tourist attractions. Therefore new desirable methods for monitoring and modeling changes are required to be used in these areas. This study was performed with the aimed of monitoring and modeling land use changes using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Markov Chain in Land Change Modeler (LCM) in 23 years period (1990-2011). After model accuracy assessment using kappa coefficient, land cover map of the year 2016 was predicted by the 2006-2011 calibration period. The results indicated that two trends include changes from open lands to agricultural and then quitting these agricultural lands have been observed during the study period. Such that, the agricultural area has increased to 19715.76 hectares from 1990 to 2006,but between 2005 to 2011, only 14.48% of agricultural lands has remained unchanged and the large area of those were finally left. In this study, LCM was able to predict 0.76 of changes correctly. So that it was predicted 12000 hectares increasing of extent urban development in the coastal lands of Bushehr Province in 2016. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effects of Land Use and Land Cover changes on Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks in the Olesharo Catchment, Narok County, Kenya
Bernice Sainepo Charles Gachene Anne Karuma -
Open Access Article
14 - Estimation of Vegetation and Land Use Changes Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographical Information System (Case Study: Roodab Plain, Sabzevar City)
Ali Ariapour Abolghasem Dadrasi Sabzevar Sara Toloee
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