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Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of efficiency and optimization of Photo- Fenton process parameters in beet sugar wastewater treatment using response surface methodology (RSM)
Abbas Alipour Hajiagha Mojgan Zaeimdar Seyed Ali Jozi nooshin sajadi Arezoo GhadiBackground & Objective: The wastewater obtained from sugar production cannot be naturally degraded due to the presence of various color precursors, colored impurities, lime carbonation sludge and other organic impurities. In this study, optimization of the effective MoreBackground & Objective: The wastewater obtained from sugar production cannot be naturally degraded due to the presence of various color precursors, colored impurities, lime carbonation sludge and other organic impurities. In this study, optimization of the effective parameters for the sugar industry wastewater treatment is investigated using photo- Fenton process and response surface methodology.Material and Methodology: This empirical research was conducted on a laboratory scale on refined wastewater obtained from sugar beet factory (Qazvin, Iran), in ternms of the intensity of contamination, considering the reduction of the three factors including COD, phenolic, and color content using the advanced oxidation process (photo- Fenton process). In order to optimize the ocndions for wastewater treatment, the results of these experiments wre ultimately optimized by response surface methodology.Findings: The results obtained that the optimal condition for color and phenolic removal were: pH of 6.1' reaction time 15 minutes' Fenton's reagent (Fe2+/H2O2) concentrations: 20/1500 of ppm. Under these conditions, the color and phenolic reduction were achieved 73.92% and 93.9%, respectively.Discussion & Conclusions: The photo- Fenton process has a good efficacy in treating the sugar industry wastewater in the removal of important pollution parameters such as color impurities, phenolic compounds, and COD.Also, the statistical results showed that the pH parameter, Fenton's reagent concentration and contact time were significant during treatment process (p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Wastewater Treatment of Oil Refineries by Using of UV-Assisted Fenton Process
Hadi Shayegh Hamid Kazemi Esfe Hossein HosseiniBackground and Objective: The removal of heavy hydrocarbons and biological wastewater is generally difficult. Finding a suitable way to eliminate or reduce these factors is one of the goals of this research.Materials and Methodology: Although there are special processes MoreBackground and Objective: The removal of heavy hydrocarbons and biological wastewater is generally difficult. Finding a suitable way to eliminate or reduce these factors is one of the goals of this research.Materials and Methodology: Although there are special processes for removing or reducing the hydrocarbon and biological load of water, but in industrial wastewater containing hydrocarbon, the evaluation of advanced oxidation processes can reduce not only the burden of the wastewater but also reduce the Biological bad effects. Therefore, in the present study, an experimental study of COD, BOD and O & G reduction using Fenton reaction with ultra-violet irridiation has been investigated.Results: A sample of industrial waste from one of the refineries was prepared. According to the results, the optimal conditions for COD removal was observed as follow: irradiation time 30 minutes, pH=3, temperature=35°C, water content=85 ml of oxygen dissolved in water than 250 ml of wastewater and COD removal was observed up to 45.44%. The optimal conditions for removing O&G were: 23 min, pH=3, temperature 35°C, dissolved oxygen content of 85 ml, compared to 250 ml of wastewater. Also O&G was eliminated to 89.8%. The optimal conditions for removing BOD were: the irradiation time is 20 minutes, pH=4, the temperature is 25°C, the soluble oxygen content is 65 ml, compared to 250 ml of the wastewater and the removal of BOD was observed to be 49.82%.Discussion and Conclusion: Laboratory study of COD, BOD and O&G reduction in wastewater was investigated by using Fenton reaction with ultraviolet irridiation. It was found that the Fenton method with ultraviolet irridiation is a suitable method for the removal or reduction of COD, BOD and O&G in refinery wastewater. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Removal of phosphor from Aqueous Solution by Fenton Oxidation Process
Mohammad Malakootian Mohammadreza Heidari Fahimeh AsadiIntroduction: phosphor is considered among the major pollutants in water environments. phosphor contamination in surface water and groundwater resources originates mainly from the excessive use of fertilizers and uncontrolled land discharges of untreated wastewate MoreIntroduction: phosphor is considered among the major pollutants in water environments. phosphor contamination in surface water and groundwater resources originates mainly from the excessive use of fertilizers and uncontrolled land discharges of untreated wastewater. Discharge of it into the environment causes very health impact. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Fenton’s advanced oxidation process (H2O2/Fe+2) in phosphor removal from aqueous solutions. Materials & Methods: This is an experimental study which is carried out in laboratory scale. In this study, the effect of the important operational variables including pH,Fe+2 dosage, H2O2 dosage, initial phosphor concentration, and Contact time were evaluated on the phosphate removal from Aqueous Solution by Fenton has been investigated. Findings: The results showed that this method has the ability to remove phosphor from aqueous solutions to less than standard level WHO (≤1mg/l).pH , ratio H2O2 / Fe+2 and Contact time have direct effect and initial phosphor concentration has reverse effect of phosphor removal. The results showed that the Fenton process, can reach can reach respectively 97% phosphor removal. So that optimum condition of the phosphor removal is in the Ratio H2O2 / Fe2+ dosage = 2200 /1000 mg/l, contact time of 60 min, pH = 3.5 in initial phosphor Concentration in 100mg /L. SPSS statistical test showed that the mean concentration in the before and after doing all process variables, there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.05 ). Discussion & Conclusion: As the results show, the efficient removal of phosphate by using Fenton process is desirable in the water treatment and pollution control. The results of the study, is consistent with similar cases by other researchers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Removal of Phosphorus from Aqueous Solution by Fenton Oxidation Process
Mohammadreza Heidari Mohammad Malakootian Fahimeh AsadiBackground and Objective: phosphorus considered among the major pollutants in water environments. Phosphoris contamination in surface water and groundwater resources originates mainly from the excessive use of fertilizers and uncontrolled land discharges of untreated wa MoreBackground and Objective: phosphorus considered among the major pollutants in water environments. Phosphoris contamination in surface water and groundwater resources originates mainly from the excessive use of fertilizers and uncontrolled land discharges of untreated wastewater. Discharge of it into the enviroment causes many negative health impact.The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Fenton’s advanced oxidation process (H2O2/Fe+2) in the phosphorus removal from aqueous solutions. Method: This is an experimental study which is carried out in laboratory scale. In this study, the effect of the important operational variables including pH,Fe+2 dosage, H2O2 dosage, initial phosphorconcentration,and Contact time were evaluated on the phosphate removal from Aqueous Solution by Fenton has been investigated. Findings:­The­ results showed that this method has the ability to remove phosphorus from aqueous solutions to less than standard level WHO (≤1mg/l).pH , ratio H2O2 / Fe+2 and Contact time have direct effect and initial phosphor concentration has reverse effect of phosphor removal. The results showed that the Fenton process, can reach respectively 97% phosphor removal. So that optimum condition of the phosphorus removal is in the Ratio H2O2 / Fe2+ dosage = 2200 /1000 mg/l, contact time of 60 min, pH = 3.5 in initial phosphor Concentration in 100mg /L. SPSS statistical test showed that the mean concentration in the before and after doing all process, there were significant differences ( P ≤ 0.05 ). Discussion and Conclusion: Results show, the efficient removal of phosphate using Fenton process is desirable in the water treatment and pollution control.The results of the study is consistent with similar cases by other researchers. Key words: Removal, Phosphor, Fenton Process, Aqueous Solution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Optimization of the parameters affecting the removal of Acid Orange 7 using magnetite nanoparticles via response surface modeling method and Minitab 16 software
Ezatolah Mozafari Amin Saki Aref Faghihi Siavash FathiniaBackground and Objective: Textile and dyeing industry are the largest consumers of drinking water. Therefore, colored wastewaters that generated by the textile and dyeing industry, if discharged into the environment without treatment, can adversely affect aquatic ecosys MoreBackground and Objective: Textile and dyeing industry are the largest consumers of drinking water. Therefore, colored wastewaters that generated by the textile and dyeing industry, if discharged into the environment without treatment, can adversely affect aquatic ecosystems. In this study, magnetite nanoparticles are used to remove the dye (Acid Orange 7) from aqueous solution. Method: The magnetite nanoparticles were produced by a mechanical method using a planetary ball milling, and then the related physical properties were obtained and the chemical analysis was done by XRF, XRD and SEM images. The Heterogeneous Fenton process optimization was performance by response surface modeling with the help of Minitab16 software. The parameters of the initial concentration of the dye (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/L), the initial concentration of catalyst (0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 g/L), the initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide (5, 6.75, 8.50, 10.25, 12 mmol/L) and time of the process (8, 10, 24, 32 and 40 minutes) were selected as the factors involved in response surface modeling procedure. Findings: Dimensions of magnetite nanoparticles were determined as less than 50 nm. The amounts of magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3) were measured to be 21/68 and 31/22 respectively. Conditions for the initial concentration of the dye (X1), the initial concentration of catalyst (X2), the initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide (X3) and the process time (X4) were obtained as 10 mg / L, 0.7 g / L, 10.25mmol / L, 32 min respectively. ANOVA high correlation coefficients for the proposed model was also obtained (adjusted-R2=0.945 and R2=0.897). Conclusion: In optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of the dye (Acid Orange 7) by magnetite nanoparticles is 100%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Decolorination of Reactive Blue19 Dye in Dying Industries Wastewater by Electro-Fenton Process
Mohammad Malakootian Mehdi Asadi Amir hossein MahviBackground: Due to increase of water consumption and lack of resources, wastewater reuse, especially in the industries, as one of the methods for supplying water needs is considered. Dyeing industries are among the large consumers of water and the major problem of their MoreBackground: Due to increase of water consumption and lack of resources, wastewater reuse, especially in the industries, as one of the methods for supplying water needs is considered. Dyeing industries are among the large consumers of water and the major problem of their produced wastewater is that it contains color materials and it is non-biodegradable. The conventional methods for removing color from wastewater often lead to production of a large amount of sludge, posing the problems of sludge disposal and treatment. Electro-Fenton process is an advanced oxidation process which can decrease the pollutants organic and color concentrations effectivelly. Materials and methods: In this method, sampling of wastewater was done according to standard methods book for the examination of water and wastewater principles. Then the samples were transferred to the made electrochemical cell pilot, and the impact of various parameters including the amount of electric current, rate of consumption of iron ions, pH and electrolysis time on operating conditions of process was evaluated. Results: The results showed that under the optimal conditions as current intensity of 20 V for color concentration of 100 mg/L and current intensity of 30 V for color concentration of over 200 mg/L time range of45-60 min, iron ion oncentration of 0.3 mg/L and pH = 4, color removal of 100% can be achieved. Conclusion: Electro-Fenton process is capable of removing Reactive Blue19 dye with different concentrations and maximum efficiency. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the electric current intensity and iron ion concentration are the parameters affecting the Electro-Fenton process for the removal Reactive Blue19 dye, whereas electrolysis time and pH parameters were less effective on the efficiency of Electro-Fenton process for the removal of Reactive Blue19 dye Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigation of Fenton Reagent Efficiency in Removal of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide from Synthetic Solution
Mohammad Reza Samarghandi Mansor ZarrbiIndustrial and municipal wastewaters are the main sources which contaminate the surface water and groundwater. Application of detergent in industrial and domestic uses increases this substance in wastewater. Detergents are large organic molecules that are slightly MoreIndustrial and municipal wastewaters are the main sources which contaminate the surface water and groundwater. Application of detergent in industrial and domestic uses increases this substance in wastewater. Detergents are large organic molecules that are slightly soluble in water, highly toxic, responsible for foaming in wastewater treatment plants and making interference with wastewater treatment operations. A numorous methods yet have been applied for the removal of detergent. These methods include coagulation and flocculation, reverse osmosis, oxidation by ozone and advanced oxidation processes. This study investigates the removal of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide from synthetic solution by Fenton reagent as an easy and effective method. Experiments were conducted in several stages with 100 cc of synthetic sample and pH=4, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L of ferrous ions, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ml/L of hydrogen perocide in a batch reactor with contact time of 20, 40 and 60 min. Results showe that, in a batch system with acidic pH (pH=4), the removal of detergent increases with the increases of contact time, ferrous ions concentration and hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, in pH= 4, contact times of 60 min, and 20 mg/L of ferrous ions, Lthe removal efficiency increased from 54/5% to 89/5% by increase of hydrogen peroxide conventration from 20 ml/L to 50 ml/L. Finally, considering the simplicity and effectiveness of this method, it is be suggested to be used for the removal of detergent from municipal and industrial wastewaters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Use of Fenton Reagent as Advanced Oxidative Process for Removal of Basic and Acid Red Dyes from Aqueous Solutions
Zahra Fathi Elham Keshmirizadeh -
Open Access Article
9 - Decolorization and Degradation of Basic Blue 3 and Disperse Blue 56 Dyes Using Fenton Process
Elham Keshmirizadeh Mina Farajikhajehghiasi -
Open Access Article
10 - Removal of Anionic Brown 14 and Cationic Blue 41 dyes via Fenton Process
Elham Keshmirizadeh Shahnaz Eshaghi -
Open Access Article
11 - Optimization of electrofenton process in removal of lead and phenanthrene resistant to biodegradation from contaminated soils using response surface method
maloos tabatabaee Roya Mafi Gholami mehdi borghei ali esrafilyThis study was performed to use the electrofenton process as an electrochemical oxidation process to remove lead and phenanthrene from soils around the oil refinery in south of Tehran. The reactor used (designed by SolidWorks software) was a discontinuous type with a us MoreThis study was performed to use the electrofenton process as an electrochemical oxidation process to remove lead and phenanthrene from soils around the oil refinery in south of Tehran. The reactor used (designed by SolidWorks software) was a discontinuous type with a useful volume of 500 ml and a graphene electrode as a cathode and an iron electrode as an anode (source of divalent iron ion production). The experiment was designed using the response surface methodology (RSM). Variable parameters were pH of the solution (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10), time of the reaction (12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0 and 62.5 minutes), concentration of hydrogen peroxide (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 %w/w), and direct electrical current (0.75, 1.50, 2.25, 3.00 and 3.75 A). The highest percentage of lead removal, 85.4%, obtained at pH of 8, H2O2 concentration of 2 %w/w, direct electrical current of 1.5 A, and time of 50 minutes. Also, the highest percentage of phenanthrene removal, 85.95%, obtained at pH of 6, H2O2 concentration of 1.5 %w/w, direct electrical current of 2.25 A, and the time of 37.5 minutes. The obtained results showed that the electrofenton process was able to remove lead and phenanthrene from the soil around the oil refinery. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Nanostructures prepared from natural ilmenite mineral for rapid degradation of furazolidone in heterogeneous Fenton process
Hamideh Haghighat Mehrangiz Fathinia Siavash FathiniaIn this study, for the first time, ilmenen-hematon nanostructures were prepared from natural ilmenite mineral by the exfoliation process in the presence of ultrasound wave for rapid degradation of furazolidone contaminant. The aim of the present study was to increase th MoreIn this study, for the first time, ilmenen-hematon nanostructures were prepared from natural ilmenite mineral by the exfoliation process in the presence of ultrasound wave for rapid degradation of furazolidone contaminant. The aim of the present study was to increase the reduction efficiency of iron (II) in the heterogeneous Fenton process by preparing ilmenn-Hematon nanostructures from its natural mineral. The effect of organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidine, isopropyl, and toluene to produce relevant nanostructures during the exfoliation process in the presence of ultrasound waves and as well as the effect of the obtained nanocatalyst in the heterogeneous Fenton process to degrade the pharmaceutical pollutant furazolidone, were investigated. The obtained results showed that the exfoliation process in the liquid phase by ultrasound wave in the presence of dimethylformamide solvent was successful and the band gap is reduced from 3.57 eV in the natural mineral ilmenite to 2.2 eV in the prepared nanocatalyst from it. The ability to absorb light and the degradation efficiency of furazolidone drug under visible light increased and after 60 minutes reached to a maximum of 95.5%. Optimal values of effective parameters for furazolidone degradation were modeled by experimental design using the response surface method (RSM) and Design-Expert7 software. The physical and chemical characteristics of the prepared nanocatalyst were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), dot mapping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) methods and the reproducibility of the prepared nanocatalyst was investigated during 6 cycles of the process. Also, the characteristics of the catalyst used in the reproducibility cycle were studied using XRD and FTIR techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Comparative study of nitrophenol removal from Karoon Petrochemical by electro-fenton and electro-persulfate process
Aref ShokriIn this study, the degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous environments was studied by Electro Fenton and Electro Persulphate in electrochemical batch reactor equipped with four iron electrodes and a direct power source. The results showed that the removal of 4-nitrophe MoreIn this study, the degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous environments was studied by Electro Fenton and Electro Persulphate in electrochemical batch reactor equipped with four iron electrodes and a direct power source. The results showed that the removal of 4-nitrophenole in Electro-Persulphate and electro Fentone were 99.2% and 94% at optimum operation condition including operational pH at 3, the initial concentration of 4-nitrophenol at 100 mg / l, hydrogen peroxide and persulphate at 0.5 mM, with the density of 0.1 A/dm2 and 60 min of reaction. The research results showed that the processes of electro-persulfate and electro-fenton had the same elimination efficiency in acidic media for 4-nitrophenol removal and, in general the combination of electrochemical with persulfate and hydrogen peroxide for electrical production of iron and activation of persulfate and hydrogen peroxide had more ability compared to separate use. The removal percent of COD in real wastewater samples with the initial COD of 5000 mg/l were 82 and 86% in ElectroFenton and Electro-persulfate processes, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Degradation of crystal violet using copper modified iron oxide as heterogeneous photo-fenton reagent
Pinki B. Punjabi Noopur Ameta Jyoti Sharma Kiran Chanderia Rakshit Ameta -
Open Access Article
15 - Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration in Remediation of Oil-contaminated Soils with Use of Fenton Reaction
A. S. Yousefi A. Bostani
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