List of Articles Diazepam

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  1 - Study of exteraction of trace diazepam in water samples using Modified NanoTube carboxyl as sorbent
  ali moghimi Milad Abniki Fatemeh Hajikarimi
  The presented method is used for the separation and pre-concentration of diazepam drug in aqueous samples. In this research, new techniques of dispersive solid phase extraction of small amounts of pharmaceutical effluents as an indicator of diazepam drug in aqueous samp More

  The presented method is used for the separation and pre-concentration of diazepam drug in aqueous samples. In this research, new techniques of dispersive solid phase extraction of small amounts of pharmaceutical effluents as an indicator of diazepam drug in aqueous samples by modified carboxylated carbon nanotubes. And its measurement was used by visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy in real samples. These techniques are a two-phase system in which the phase giver is aqueous samples containing diazepam and the receiver phase is carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxylate. The experiments were performed in two stages of extracting the desorbed aqueous samples of diazepam drug using ammonia solvent and the desorbed samples were submitted to the UV-Vis spectrophotometer for further analysis. This method is cheap, simple, and fast, and it is compatible with many existing methods. A sensitive and reliable method was used to extract, pre-concentrate, and measure small amounts of diazepam. The concentration of ions in the solution was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentration factor was 20, the detection limit of the method (LOD) was 1.2 µg. L-1 and the relative standard deviation was 3.19%. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Study of sedative, preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects of herbal extract of Lavandula stoechas in comparison with diazepam in rat
  علی Rezaie بهبود Jafari محمد Jalilzadeh
  Lavandula stoechas grows naturally in most parts of the world specifically south France, the Mediterranean region and Torento. The plant has various pharmacological properties including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, hypnotic, sedative and tranquilizer, m More

  Lavandula stoechas grows naturally in most parts of the world specifically south France, the Mediterranean region and Torento. The plant has various pharmacological properties including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, hypnotic, sedative and tranquilizer, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, antibacterial and antispasmodic. For studying the effectiveness of sedative, preanesthetic and anxiolytic effects of Lavandula  stoechas in comparison with diazepam different groups of female Wistar rats with the same age and weight conditions received intraperitoneal injections of Lavandula  stoechas (100, 200, 400 mg/kg, ip), diazepam (1.2 mg/kg, ip), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a placebo with equal volume 30 minutes before assessing the sedative and preanesthetic effects (induced sleep duration by ketamine, 40 mg/kg, ip) and anxiolytic effects (using Elevated plus maze) and (Rotarod test). Statistical analysis of the results obtained represent a significant increase in sleep time induced with ketamine and also a significant increase in the time the rats spent in open arms of maze with high and low doses of Lavandula stoechas herbal extract (p<0.01). The result showed that herbal extract of Lavandula stoechas at 200 mg/kg has sedative, preanesthetic and anxiolytic effects. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Study of sedative preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects of herbal extract of Tilia platyphyllos scop in comparison with diazepam in the rat
  علی Rezaie بهبود Jafari CH Ahmadizadeh محمد Jalilzadeh Hedayati زهره Ostadi A.R Ebadi رامین Shishegar
  Tilia platyphyllos scop belongs to the Tiliaceae family and mainly grows in northern parts of the country. It has various pharmacological effects including anxiolytic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, tranquilization and sedation, hypnotic and muscular relaxa More

  Tilia platyphyllos scop belongs to the Tiliaceae family and mainly grows in northern parts of the country. It has various pharmacological effects including anxiolytic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, tranquilization and sedation, hypnotic and muscular relaxation. In order to study sedative, preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects herbal extract of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop in comparison with diazepam in different groups of female Wistar rats with the same age and weight, doses of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and  450 mg/kg of herbal extract, 1.2 mg/kg of diazepam and equal volumes of dimethyl sulfoxide as a placebo were injected to rats intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to evaluation of sedative and preanaesthetic effects (induced sleep duration following 40 mg/kg administration intraperitoneally) and anxiolytic effects (using elevated plus maze and Rotarod test). Statistical results obtained represent a significant increase in sleep time induced with ketamine and also a significant increase in time spent by rats in open arms of maze with high and low doses of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop herbal extract (p<0.01). The result showed that herbal extract of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop at a dose of 300 mg/kg has sedative, preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Comparative study of Valeriana Officinalis root extract¸diazepam and ketamin on CNS depressive effects in cats
  رامین Kaffashi Elahi M.H Khayat Nouri جواد Mahmoudi
  Valeriana officinalis is a medicinal plant used in alternative medicine for its sedative and anxiolytic properties. It acts trough GABA receptors increases GABA in synaptic space and stimulates GABA receptors. Ketamine and diazepam also acts trough GABA mechanism but wi More

  Valeriana officinalis is a medicinal plant used in alternative medicine for its sedative and anxiolytic properties. It acts trough GABA receptors increases GABA in synaptic space and stimulates GABA receptors. Ketamine and diazepam also acts trough GABA mechanism but with a different pathway. The purpose of our study was to investigate the sedative effects on cats of valerian extract that extremely beloved by cats in combination with ketamine, and evaluate the possibility of its usage in cats and change the routine methods of anti-anxiety and restraining method. 24 healthy short haired mature male cats randomly selected, fed with standard ration and water ad libitum , were divided into three groups G1, G2, G3, received ketamine(11mg/kg), ketamine-diazepam(1mg/kg), and ketamine-valerian (1250 µg/kg PO) respectively. Rate of CNS depression were evaluated by; onset time of effects, peak score, and duration of peak score, total time of effects and highest recorded score. Scores obtained by ataxia, time at which falling recumbent and pinch test over anus, tail and Achilles tendon. This experiment was conducted as blind. Statistical analysis made by variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey test, at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).Results showed significant effect of valerian on shortening the onset time of effects in compare with G1, and fastest reach to peak score in compare with G1 and G3, peak score duration was much longer than G1 and shorter than G3, onset time of recumbency in G3 was shortest but close to G2. It seems that valerian root extract may be used in combination with ketamine to induce restraining and anti-anxiety effects with shorter dullness and sleepy mood in compare with routine administration of ketamine-diazepam; moreover it is being tolerated well and makes the animal more reliable and friendly with other cats and owners. So this extract may be used instead of diazepam in routine cat restraining protocols.   Manuscript profile
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  5 - Study of sedative and anxiolytic effects of polar, semi-polar and non-polar fractions of Artemisia Aucheri extract compared with diazepam in rats
  ramin shishiehgar bahloul habibiasl changiz ahmadizadeh
  Abstract    Artemisia Aucheri is a medicinal plant which has powerful sedative and anxiolytic effects. Also there are a lot of anti-oxidant agents in its extract. The purpose of this research is studying the sedative and anxiolytic effects of polar, semi-pola More

  Abstract    Artemisia Aucheri is a medicinal plant which has powerful sedative and anxiolytic effects. Also there are a lot of anti-oxidant agents in its extract. The purpose of this research is studying the sedative and anxiolytic effects of polar, semi-polar and non-polar fractions, extracted from Artemisia Aucheri in comparison with diazepam in the animal model of Rat. For this purpose, polar, semi-polar and non-polar fractions were extracted from Artemisia Aucheri, based on the polarity of solvent. The injection of the obtained fractions and other medications were made to different groups of female wistar rats which the same age and weight. Group was injected with 100mg/kg of Polar fraction extract, the second group with 100mg/kg of Semi-polar extract, the third group, with 100 mg/kg of non-polar extract of Artemisia Aucheri, the fourth group with 2 mg/kg of Diazepam, the fifth group with the same volume of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) for studying the effect of solvent. The method of injection was Intra peritoneal (IP) form. The sixth group was the control group and did not receive any medications. Thirty minutes after injections, Ketamin 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally in all 6 groups. Then induction and sleeping time was measured in seconds. Statistical results showed a meaningful decrease of anesthetic induction time and increase of sleeping time of Ketamin-induced anesthesia, after IP injection of the Polar fraction of  Artemisia Aucheri (P<0.05) and  also a meaningful increase of time spent by rats in the open arms of maze after Polar-fraction injection of Artemisia Aucheri (P<0.05). The results showed that the polar fraction of Artemisia Aucheri has more sedative and anxiolytic effects than diazepam and other fractions. Manuscript profile
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  6 - تاثیر تقویت حافظه عصاره متانولی ساقه Parquetina nigrescens در موش
  محمود بخاری آیشاتو شهو یحیی محمد سانی گاربا محمد ماگاجی
  Background and Aim: Parquetina nigrescens is an important plant in the Southwestern part of Nigeria used as memory enhancer. This study aimed to investigate the memory enhancing effect of the methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens (MSEPN).  Experimental: Phytochemi More

  Background and Aim: Parquetina nigrescens is an important plant in the Southwestern part of Nigeria used as memory enhancer. This study aimed to investigate the memory enhancing effect of the methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens (MSEPN).  Experimental: Phytochemical screening was carried out on the extract and the oral median lethal dose (LD50) determined using the OECD 425 limit test. The effects of MPN (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) on learning and memory was evaluated in elevated plus maze (EPM), Barnes maze (BM) and novel object recognition test (NORT). The locomotive activity was studied using the open field test (OFT). The antiamnesic effect of the extract was assessed in EPM.  Results: The phytochemical constituents in MSEPN were tannins, saponins, phenolics, carbohydrates and unsaturated sterols. The LD50 was ≥ 5000mg/kg. Piracetam and the extract significantly (p≤0.05) decreased transfer latencies (TL) on day 1 and 2 in EPM. In the BM, the escape latencies and escape errors were decreased significantly (p≤ 0.05, p≤ 0.01) at 250 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively. The time spent in target quadrant (TSQ) was significantly (p≤ 0.01) increased at 250 and 500 mg/kg of extract. Piracetam significantly decreased escape latency (p≤ 0.05), escape errors (p ≤ 0.01) and increased TSQ. Discrimination index in the NORT was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased. The extract did not significantly alter the number of square cross (NSC) and rearing (NR) but significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased TL increased by diazepam on day 1. Piracetam increased NSC and NR and significantly (p≤ 0.01, p≤ 0.05) decreased TL on day 1 and 2 in EPM.  Recommended applications/industries: The memory enhancing potential of MSEPN can be applied in the treatment of amnesia. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Environmental Investigation of Psychiatric Pharmaceuticals: Guandu River, Rio De Janeiro State, Southeast Brazil
  Aldo Pacheco Ferreira
  10.22034/jchr.2018.544072
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