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Open Access Article
1 - Studying factors affecting communication skills in government organizations
Davood KiakojouriOrganizational communication includes a process in which two or more units of a group exchange the information they need through an exchange of opinions, and since communication is one of the primary elements of management, managers must communicate effectively with the MoreOrganizational communication includes a process in which two or more units of a group exchange the information they need through an exchange of opinions, and since communication is one of the primary elements of management, managers must communicate effectively with the people of the group or their peers at different levels. establish that this research is a mixed research design of an exploratory type, so quantitative and qualitative data are combined with each other by the method of connecting data, that is, connecting two sets of data by building one on the basis of the other. In the following, using in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 15 managers of the national sample using the snowball interview technique, and after theoretical ghosting, the collected data sets were organized using MAXQDA10 software and coding techniques. Then, for scaling, the calculation of face validity, content validity (CVR) and (CVI) and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used, and by distributing 500 questionnaires among 25 executive bodies of Gilan province and collecting 429 questionnaires, hypotheses were tested using the Pearson correlation method. Conducting and confirming all hypotheses and the final research model for the communication skills of managers in government organizations including information exchange, feedback, situational, technology application, analytical-perceptual, cognitive-behavioral and social skills were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Qualitative Analysis of the Impacts of Social Structure on Social Ethics of the Iranian
Zahra Khatibi Mahdi AsleZaeem Mohammad Hadi Mansour Lakooraj -
Open Access Article
3 - Managerial model of "cultural security - social" According to the identity elements in Iran
Seied Reza Salehi Amiri Mohsen Ghadami Fateme BaratloSecurity in here is society's ability to continue to evolve as part of his nature.Identify the Iranian elements of "social-cultural security" is presented in this surveyand also explained the procedure. Variables including national identity, ethnicidentity, religious id MoreSecurity in here is society's ability to continue to evolve as part of his nature.Identify the Iranian elements of "social-cultural security" is presented in this surveyand also explained the procedure. Variables including national identity, ethnicidentity, religious identity, modern identity. Validity and reliability of this instrumenthave already been confirmed.The theoretical frameworks are Parsons AGIL model, systems theory; Culturalmanagement to identify needs, Copenhagen school, or "Security Studies,Copenhagen, " and School of symbolic interaction.Ends statistical methods including factor analysis to confirm the structures, Methodsof descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of variance with post hoc tests, the Ttestcompared with the Friedman test is a constant.Finally, Variable elements of both ethnic identity and national identity as a strongsecurity culture - social and can be considered as a strategic variable in the modelmanagement of cultural- societal security is emphasized. Monitoring andmanagement pattern of adopting a strategic approach to the issue of identity andthe variables, the general attitude of plurality in unity is obtained. The policy ofdecentralization in the management of cultural security - in the community isemphasized Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigation of Arsenic Anomalies and Its Probable Origins in Maragheh Plain
shahram baikpour Zahra ArghavanBackground and Objective: The objective of this study is evaluating hydrochemical properties of groundwater in Maragheh area, including: Cations, Anions, Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity, pH and Heavy metals (As, Fe, Mn) and investigating the statistical MoreBackground and Objective: The objective of this study is evaluating hydrochemical properties of groundwater in Maragheh area, including: Cations, Anions, Total Dissolved Solids, Electrical Conductivity, pH and Heavy metals (As, Fe, Mn) and investigating the statistical relations between these parameters and Probable Origins of contamination. Methods: In order to carry out ground water quality monitoring, and evaluate the controlling processes and to determine cations and anions sources of the groundwater, 34 wells were selected for sampling from July 2014 and April 2015and water quality parameters were measured and sent to the Laboratory Applied Research Center of Geological Survey & Mineral Explorations of Iran (Elburz). Data analysis was performed through SPSS software and Factor Analysis & Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: The chemical composition of the surface and groundwater is controlled by several processes such as mineral dissolution, increasing evaporation from the aquifer, irrigation return flow, saline water intrusion in the Ajbashir Plain, geological status of the area, anthropogenic inputs. Discussion and Conclusion: The concentration of arsenic based on WHO standard is 10μg/L, while the maximum arsenic concentration in the study area is 308.5μg/L and the mean concentration is 44μg/L. According to the results, it relies that arsenic probable sources can be concerned to industrial waste water in Maragheh and Bonab industrial complex, agricultural activities (using pesticides and insecticides) and geological factors (existence of Shemshak formation), rocks and sediments derived from the erosion of these rocks and coal mines (Khormazard). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Study of some physical & chemical properties of water of Khersan River & analysis the statistical relations thereof
Majid Abbaspour Amir Hossein Javid Ali Mashinchian avin habibiBackground and Objective: This article with the purpose of investigation on some physicochemical properties of Khersan River has been accomplished. These parameters are including: Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Dissolved Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxyge MoreBackground and Objective: This article with the purpose of investigation on some physicochemical properties of Khersan River has been accomplished. These parameters are including: Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Dissolved Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Phosphorus, Total Nitrogen, Electrical Conductivity, Chlorophyll a, Turbidity and finally analysis of statistical relations between this parameters were developed. Method: To perform the tests and determine the parameters we had 12 months sampling at 6 stations. Sampling methods and performing of examinations was in accordance with Standards method. Qualitative & quantitative variations were studied during a year and finally, data analysis through SPSS software and Pearson correlation coefficient test were performed. Findings: The highest temperature was in station No. 1 in July 32.5 º C and the lowest was in station No. 4 in February 9.2 º C, the most electrical conductivity is related to station No. 2 in August 672 µ mhos cm-1 and the lowest was in station No. 1 in March 262 µ mhos cm-1. Discussion and conclusion: According to Iranian DOE quality standard chart of state rivers' water, the range of changes in dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen in water is in optimum extent. But, Biochemical Oxygen Demand of water is in maximum permitted amount. There are meaningful relations in confidence extent of P<0.05 or P<0.01 between some studied parameters from statistical relations point of view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigating the effect of agricultural use on nitrate concentration in underground water sources using mathematical modeling based on regression equations (case study: Ray Plain)
Pegah mohammadpour Reza Arjmandi Amirhessam Hassani Jamal GhodusiBackground and Objective: Relationship between agricultural use area and fertilizer consumed with changes in groundwater nitrate concentrations is one of the direct methods of agricultural use on nitrate concentration and groundwater inflammation in each region that can MoreBackground and Objective: Relationship between agricultural use area and fertilizer consumed with changes in groundwater nitrate concentrations is one of the direct methods of agricultural use on nitrate concentration and groundwater inflammation in each region that can manage managers in proper management. Help ground water resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in agricultural and chemical area of consumed on the increase in nitrate concentrations in groundwater sources in Ray plain. Research method: In this study, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images for the years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020 were used to monitor land use changes. After processing the images, the area of agricultural land was calculated. According to the statistics obtained from the amount of chemical fertilizer consumed and the qualitative laboratory results of nitrate concentration changes, the effects of these factors on each other and the mathematical relationships between the variables were tested with the Pearson correlation and linear regression method. Findings: The results show that during the investigated period, agricultural land has increased and barren land has decreased. The consumption of chemical fertilizers has also increased. The level of nitrate concentration of underground water sources shows that during the period under review, the concentration of nitrate in underground water wells has increased. The analysis of the correlation coefficient also showed that at the error level of 1% (99% confidence level) there is a significant relationship between the concentration of nitrates in underground water with the area of agricultural land and the amount of fertilizer used. This means that as the area of agricultural use and the amount of chemical fertilizers increase, the concentration of nitrates in underground water resources also increases. In the presented regression model, the accepted square value (R2) is equal to 0.993 and it indicates a relatively strong relationship between the dependent variable (water nitrate concentration in underground water sources) and the independent variables (agricultural area and the amount of chemical fertilizer used). Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that with the increase in the area of agricultural land, the consumption of chemical fertilizers has increased in the research area, and due to the nitrate leaching process from the soil surface, the nitrate concentration in underground water sources has increased, which is one of the important reasons for the increase in nitrate concentration in the study wells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Effect of Arson in Agriculture on the Environment (Case study: Esfahan Province)
Jaber Aazami Somayeh PourhashemzehiIran, with twelve percent of the cultivated area, is the third country as the number and diversity of agricultural products in the world, but rankinf above 140 out of the 231 countries in the environmental indicators shows insufficient attention to conservation environm MoreIran, with twelve percent of the cultivated area, is the third country as the number and diversity of agricultural products in the world, but rankinf above 140 out of the 231 countries in the environmental indicators shows insufficient attention to conservation environment. Todays, the arson (deliberately fire) of plant’s residual in Iranian agriculture community, is underway as a culture in farmers. The aims of this study were a review on the previous studies on the reasons of arson in Esfahan province, a description of the effects of arson on environment, a presentation of the positive points of the plant’s residuals for the next harvest and also the applications of those in the different industries. The main reason of arson is originated of preparing shortly of the farm for next planting and destroying pests, especially germ’s insect-eating whereas this action (arson) not only will increase the loss of soil fertility, water and wind erosion, destruction of soil beneficial microorganisms, air pollution caused by the ash, but also will make the surface soil and in continue, will loss the rainwater, causing a severe surface runoff, increase evaporation as same as enter much smoke and many particulate matters from the ash and causes air pollutions. It is noticeable that the residuals can be used in various industries, including pulp and paper, floriculture (such as mushrooms), energy and also the agricultural industry. In this context, the role of education, developing of alternate industries and government incentives are the most important feasible measures Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - use Pearson’s Linear Correlation and the combination of Data Mining Algorithms simultaneously to improve prognosis of a kind of tumor in cancer patients
mohsen gholami Seyed Javad MirabediniNowadays, breast cancer is the most common cancer disease among women. Statistics shows a six percent increase in Iran which indicates it as a serious danger. However, its danger can be prevented increasingly by early diagnosis or prediction. By medical science progress MoreNowadays, breast cancer is the most common cancer disease among women. Statistics shows a six percent increase in Iran which indicates it as a serious danger. However, its danger can be prevented increasingly by early diagnosis or prediction. By medical science progress, the way for developing of a system with the capability of prevention, prognosis and cure by using the new technologies is paved. Medical data mining tries to design a model and find relationships among risky factors to predict the condition of future patients with the aid of current data. We try to compare different data mining algorithms and combination of these algorithms to develop a new, efficient method with high accuracy and capability to perform on local data. Finally, proposed method which improves efficiency of Naive Bayes with Adaboost algorithm can predict the kind of benign or malign tumor with the 96/67% accuracies. Required data for this procedure is extracted from UCI site to diagnose the kind of tumor with 569 records and 32 variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), a résumé of a widely distributed invasive species and plants pest
R. A. Baker M. ArbabiThis paper deals with some of the current issuers involving Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), a plant feeding invasive mite which is a destructive pest worldwide. Heavy infestations can cause serious damage to a large number of plant families especially in commercial g MoreThis paper deals with some of the current issuers involving Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), a plant feeding invasive mite which is a destructive pest worldwide. Heavy infestations can cause serious damage to a large number of plant families especially in commercial glasshouses. Aspects of the biology will be considered including a brief reference to control measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Geochemical and Environmental Assessment of the Heavy Metals in Robat Sefid Rigion (south of mashhad) Soil
Mohammad Ebrahim Fazel Valipour Banafshe Fazelvalipoor Rahim DabiriRobat sefid region located in mashhad to torbat road and surrounded with ophiolite outcrop serpentine formation that could be mentioned as source of Lithogenic contamination. Considering importance of this matter, in this paper heavy metal studying and evalu MoreRobat sefid region located in mashhad to torbat road and surrounded with ophiolite outcrop serpentine formation that could be mentioned as source of Lithogenic contamination. Considering importance of this matter, in this paper heavy metal studying and evaluation have been done in soil sources of robat sefid region. So heavy metal density in 11 soil samples have been studied and interoperated. For this aim multivariate statistical methods and index of geoaccumulation, enrichment factor, contamination factor and modified degree of contamination have been used. Correlations between elements have been evaluated with multivariate statistical methods (Pearson Correlation, Cluster Analysis and principle component analysis). Based on evaluations, ophiolite rocks (Serpentine، Gabbro، Dunite and Harzburgite) has been considered as Lithogenic source of elements in region. Based on index of geoaccumulation measurement for soil, Nicole has the highest rate of contamination in this region. Enrichment factor calculation shows that Nicole and Chromo have very high contamination and Cobalt has high contamination in this region. Also contamination factor measurement shows severe enrichment of Nicole in this region but region geology structures and ophiolite rocks weathering are the entrance source of these heavy metals and have Lithogenic source. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Induced Voltage and Current of Electrical Power Line on Adjacent Buried Pipeline
Mohammad Reza Nasiri -
Open Access Article
12 - RCMS: Requirements Conflict Management and Overlapping Control Strategy in CSOP+RP using Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Soheil Afraz Hassan Rashidi Nasser Mikaeilvand -
Open Access Article
13 - بررسی و اولویتبندی کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی از دیدگاه جوانان شهر ستان گناباد در سال 1393
مریم اسکافی فاطمه سلطانیهدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و اولویتبندی کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی از دیدگاه جوانان است. بهاینمنظور، براساس نظریهی اجتماعی پارسونز به بررسی کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی در چهار بعد اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی از منظر پاسخگویان پرداخته شد. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی است و در پ Moreهدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و اولویتبندی کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی از دیدگاه جوانان است. بهاینمنظور، براساس نظریهی اجتماعی پارسونز به بررسی کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی در چهار بعد اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی از منظر پاسخگویان پرداخته شد. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی است و در پرسشنامهی محققساخته، مقیاس برش قطبین بهکار گرفته شده است. در این روش از پاسخگو خواسته شده است تا طی محرک «فارغالتحصیل دانشگاه» به کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی نمره بدهد. این پرسشنامه از سوی 471 جوان شهر گناباد تکمیل شد. پاسخگویان کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی را «در حد متوسط» ارزیابی کردهاند. کارکرد اجتماعی (کسب منزلت و موقعیتهای بهتر اجتماعی)، فرهنگی (کسب دانش و داشتن ذهن باز و خلاق)، سیاسی (قدرت فردی و سازمانی) و اقتصادی (فرصت شغلی مناسب، درآمد کافی و کارایی در جامعه) بهترتیب، در اولویت کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی از دید این جوانان قرار دارند. جنسیت، سن، مقطع تحصیلی (دانشآموز، دانشجو و فارغالتحصیل)، وضعیت تأهل، وضعیت اشتغال و علاقه برای ورود به دانشگاه بر میزان کارکردهای تحصیلات دانشگاهی از منظر جوانان مؤثر است و عوامل فوق در رگرسیون رتبهای، درمجموع، حدود 13 درصد تغییرهای متغیر وابسته را تبیین میکنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - An Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and City Quality of Life, Case Study: Haft Chinar District, Tehran
لطفعلی کوزگره کالجی مجید اسکندر پور abdolbaset doorzadeh mehrAbstract The formation and expansion of the concept of quality of life over the past half century, has become a key concept in global and human issues. Besides of this concept, quantitative and qualitative expansion of cities as the dominant form of human life has cause MoreAbstract The formation and expansion of the concept of quality of life over the past half century, has become a key concept in global and human issues. Besides of this concept, quantitative and qualitative expansion of cities as the dominant form of human life has caused the emergence of a new concept “quality of urban life”. Simultaneously the emergence of the term “social capital“as the most important capital of a society to achieve sustainable and synergic development and success of variety of plans and projects has attained increasing importance. Undoubtedly the success of urban plans and projects especially in neighborhood scale directly depends on social capital and citizen participation. Since the social capital is the fundamental factor in any development plans and programs, to achieve the high quality of life in urban neighborhoods as a type of plan it is essential to take advantage of social capital capacities such as trust, participation, social relations network and cohesion. Otherwise the urban plans and projects won’t be able to reach to their final goal that is social sustainability and citizen’s satisfaction. This article is descriptive and comparative survey that examines the quality of urban life in the one hand, and its relationship with a social capital in the other hand. To evaluate the quaof the questionnaire Cronbach's alpha, for the review of the subjective and objective quality of life the factor Key words: Social capital, Quality of life, Haftchenar neighborhood, Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Fermatean Fuzzy Type Statistical Concepts with Medical Decision-Making Application
Murat Kirisci -
Open Access Article
16 - A comparative study of the attitudes of secondary school teachers and teachers' Hoze Elmye men to participate in family planning and social factors associated with it (case study: Shiraz)
حلیمه عنایت .. مسیحی کوشکساریOne of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developi MoreOne of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developing countries. The present study seeks to do a comparative investigation into the attitude of the male seminary and high school teachers toward family planning programs. This study used the survey method. It was done in Shiraz, Iran and the instrument was questionnaires. The sample consisted of 485 participants, 325 of which were high school teachers and 160 seminary teachers. The theoretical framework used in this study is a combination of exchange theory and Parsons, Action Theory. The findings show that there is a relationship between respondent’s job and the three dimension of attitude. This indicates a significant difference between the attitudes of the two groups toward participation in family planning programs. Also, there is a significant relationship between attitude dimensions and income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Analysis of Agro-Chemical Inputs Use in Maize Production among Small-Scale Farmers in Iwo Local Government, Osun State, Nigeria
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho Azeez Muhammad-Lawal Gafar Olawumi IyiowuIn spite of the development of various improved cultivars of maize, yield in Nigeria has continued to be hampered by the over cropped nature of most farmlands as well as a wide range of pests and diseases. This study therefore carried out an analysis of agro-chemical in MoreIn spite of the development of various improved cultivars of maize, yield in Nigeria has continued to be hampered by the over cropped nature of most farmlands as well as a wide range of pests and diseases. This study therefore carried out an analysis of agro-chemical inputs’ use in maize production among small scale farmers in Iwo Local Government Area of Osun State. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between agro-chemical inputs’ use and maize yield in the study area. It determined the factors affecting agro-chemical inputs’ use and the major constraints to its usage. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 105 respondents obtained through a two stage random sampling procedure. Analyticaltools employed for the study included Pearson Moment correlationand linear regression analysis. The study revealed a 78.5% positive and significant relationship between agro-chemical inputs’ use and maize yield (p< 0.01). High cost and irregularity of supplies, insufficient farm income and fear of health hazards were the major constraints to the use of agro-chemicals. The determinants of agro-chemical inputs’ use among the farmers were; farm size, income at p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Hydrochemical and statistical analysis of Nitrate pollution of groundwater in Meydavod-Sarleh plain
Manochehr Chitsazan Khadijeh Aghbarararian Saadat Rastegarzadeh -
Open Access Article
19 - Comparative Analysis of the Hero’s Mythical-Journey Stages with the Mystic’s Mystical-Journey Stages in English Literature
Mahmoud َAfrouz Traveling (mythological / mystical) is one of the topics covered by great writers of fiction. The present article compares the two models of travel in Iranian and world literature from mythological and mystical perspective. The Pearson-Marr archetypes refer to twe More Traveling (mythological / mystical) is one of the topics covered by great writers of fiction. The present article compares the two models of travel in Iranian and world literature from mythological and mystical perspective. The Pearson-Marr archetypes refer to twelve stages of the hero's mythological journey (innocent, orphan, warrior, protector, seeker, destroyer, lover, creator, governor, wizard, wise and clown). In Mantiq-u-Tayr, the outstanding book of Attār of Nishapur, seven stages of mystical journey (suluk) are mentioned as follows: search (talab); love (eshq); knowledge (marifat); unity (tohid); contentment (esteghnā); bewilderment (heirat); true poverty (faqr); nothingness (fanā). The purpose of the present article is to compare the Pearson-Marr archetypes with Attār's stages of mystical journey by examining John Bunyan's the Pilgrim’s Progress, a classic Christian novel with travel theme. Christian, the hero of the story, begins his journey from his hometown, the "City of Destruction" (this world), to the "Celestial City" (the Heaven). The research findings show that the main reason for the similarity between the two books (Mantiq-u-Tayr and the Pilgrim’s Progress) is their religious background. Although there is no one-to-one correspondence between the stages of the journey in the two models of Attār and Pearson-Mar, but since John Bunyan's book is about a mythological-mystical journey, the steps that his protagonist (Christian) goes through fit into both patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Novel Method for Improving Cold Start Challenge in Recommender Systems through Users Demographics Information
Taravat Abedini Alireza Hedayati Ali Harounabadi -
Open Access Article
21 - Study of Correlations and regression analysis between quantitative and qualitative characteristics in different cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)in different planting pattern
Gholamreza Hamzehpour احمد توبه پریسا شیخ زادهPlanting pattern is a crucial factor in grain yield and oil crop quality characteristics of rapeseed, for this purpose a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2014 in Ardabil. The first factor was canola cult MorePlanting pattern is a crucial factor in grain yield and oil crop quality characteristics of rapeseed, for this purpose a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2014 in Ardabil. The first factor was canola cultivars at three levels (Hyola 308, Hyola 401 and R.G.S 003), second factor row of three levels (20, 30 and 40 cm) and third factor was plants interval on row at two levels including 5 and 10 cm. The triple effect of cultivars × distance between rows × between plants on row was significant on number of pods per plant, seeds number, one thousand seeds weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, protein percentage, protein yield and grain nitrogen content. The highest seed yield (3875 kg/ha) obtained in plant spacing of 5 cm × 20 cm row spacing × Hyola308. Oil yield was highest in row spacing 20 and 30 cm and highest protein content obtained in Hyola 308 with plants interval of 30 × 5 cm, respectively. Seed yield had significant positive correlation with biological yield (r=0.85**), harvest index (r=0.44**), oil percentage (r=0.38*), oil yield (r=0.84**), protein percentage (r=0.46**), protein yield (r=0.89**) and seed nitrogen (r=0.47**). Stepwise regression analysis, grain yield as dependent trait is influenced by the three variables, protein yield, protein percentage and oil yield regression model, totally 95% of the variations in grain yield was related to these three traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The analysis of the quality of the awakening of the hero within in character of Seyavash and Kay Khosrow based on the theory of Pearson- K. Marr
Mohammad Javad Assarian Sayyed Ali Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Hossein SardaghiWithout a doubt Shahnameh is a universal text whose humane ethical system goes far beyond the race and geographic barriers. Hence it is not surprising to see the rare capacity of Shahnameh to accommodate so many characters and to attribute world symbols and human MoreWithout a doubt Shahnameh is a universal text whose humane ethical system goes far beyond the race and geographic barriers. Hence it is not surprising to see the rare capacity of Shahnameh to accommodate so many characters and to attribute world symbols and human character archetypes to them. This research is based on the psychological and archetypal approach used by Carol S. Pearson and Hugh K. Marr in the theory of “Awakening the hero within” and Joseph Campbell’s theory in “The hero’s journey”. Descriptive analytic method was used to prove the above theories in life stories of Seyavash and Kay khosrow in Shahnameh. The result of this analysis seems to suggest that their lives begin with the archetype “orphan” becomes intrinsic in them despite the changes brought about in their characters and in their life condition, this archetype almost evolves symbolically with death in Siayvash. The outward and objective expression of this evolutionary transformation and awakening is manifested in Kay Khosrow in the form of “sage” archetype which leads to his awakening. Therefore the process of Ferdowsi’s characterization from Seyavash to Kay Khosrow both from the aspect of cycle of life and death ( Plant god and martyre in Seyavash’s being to fertility goddess and life in Kay Khosrow’s being) and the quality of the here’s journey are complementary. Manuscript profile
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