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Open Access Article
1 - Designing a local model of combating and preventing goods smuggling based on resistance economy from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and law
Ali HajatPoorGhaleRoodkhani Esmail Abdolahi MARYAM SAFAIIIllegal cross-border trade, contrary to the country's laws and regulations, is called goods smuggling, which disrupts the country's economic policies. Due to the fact that resistance economy is an essential need for our country, it is necessary to prepare a local model MoreIllegal cross-border trade, contrary to the country's laws and regulations, is called goods smuggling, which disrupts the country's economic policies. Due to the fact that resistance economy is an essential need for our country, it is necessary to prepare a local model to fight and prevent the smuggling of goods, which was done in this research using a quantitative-qualitative method. Out of all the police personnel fighting against goods and currency smuggling in Bushehr province, 10 people agreed to cooperate with the researcher in the interview section and 100 people in the questionnaire section. After the interview, the desired factors were identified and ranked by scoring in the questionnaire section, which finally led to the preparation of a model for combating and preventing goods smuggling. The main factors including five factors 1-economic, 2-executive, 3-technical, 4-legal and 5-judicial-security were determined. Each main factor has 5 sub-factors, which was designed as a model with a total of 25 sub-factors, and it is hoped that with its full implementation, the general policies of resistance economy with the approach of border dwellers' rights will be realized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigating and analyzing the Role of ethnic Gaps in Post-Revolutionary geopolitical crisis in Iran in order to effect the system in border regions: A Case Study of Western borders
Ali Abdullah Nejad heidar lotfi Majid Karimpour Ali Asghar esmaeil Pour RoshanThe role of ethnic divisions in post-revolutionary geopolitical crises in Iran, especially on the western borders, has been very influential.Considering the diversity and breadth of space arrangement in the western parts of the country, surveying is the most appropriate MoreThe role of ethnic divisions in post-revolutionary geopolitical crises in Iran, especially on the western borders, has been very influential.Considering the diversity and breadth of space arrangement in the western parts of the country, surveying is the most appropriate way to investigate large-scale ethnic identity.The main purpose of this article is to explain and analyze the role of ethnic divisions in post-revolutionary geopolitical crises in Iran with emphasis on the western borders.The main question of this article is what are the opportunities and threats, as well as strengths and weaknesses, of the role of ethnic divisions in post-revolutionary geopolitical crises in Iran especially on the western borders?In this study, a cross-sectional survey with two purposes of description and explanation is used. In the field of description, the purpose is to present a picture of how the statistical population is based on the variables considered, especially in terms of the dimensions of ethnic identity and its predominant type.At the analysis or explanation scale, the purpose is to find the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variable and to attempt to explain the changes, or better, the variance of the dependent variable based on the independent variables.In this study, a questionnaire was used to measure variables. The results of this article show that ethnic divisions apart from the crisis of separatism and independence can create other geopolitical crises including development crisis, geographic isolation crisis and participation crisis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The role of ethnic groups in the social and economic development of border regions A study in southeastern Iran A Study in Southeast Iran
Heydar Lotfi Hossein MousazadehToday, regional equilibrium and the development of social and economic conditions of the border areas play a fundamental role in the national development of each country, so the development and expansion of facilities and resources in the border towns can play a fundame MoreToday, regional equilibrium and the development of social and economic conditions of the border areas play a fundamental role in the national development of each country, so the development and expansion of facilities and resources in the border towns can play a fundamental role in the strengthening of social and economic development and, ultimately, sustainable national development Have. To this end and in view of the importance of the subject, the present article aims to identify the status of the performance and development of urban areas of the Sistan and Baluchestan region with regard to the impact of ethnic variables and the boundary of the region. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytic and for measuring the performance of urban areas of the region, 20 indicators have been used. These indicators were in line with the six main socio-cultural, economic, infrastructural, sanitary-therapeutic, transportation and communication factors, and to analyze and analyze the cities of the province and their ranking, first, the entire indices were refined using the Vikor model. Then, the statistical tests were used to show the relationship between the variables of the research. The results show that in the provinces of Zahedan and Nimroz, the most developed cities in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan and Saravan, Khash are the most deprived cities in the province, and the boundaries of cities have been influential in their performance, and border and non-border cities Based on the total variables, the main components of the research are significant at an error level of less than 0.05. It was also found that in the study of the role of ethnic groups in the socio-economic development of the Baloch language cities, they have better conditions than the Zabuli languages in terms of characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An Analysis of Informal Economy in Rural Economy Development (Case Study: Kurdistan Province)
Mostafa Nankali Kalabadi Alireza Abbasi Semnani Farideh AsadianBorder areas have special characteristics due to contact with various external environments. Existence of spatial exchanges and connections on both sides of the border and various vulnerabilities and threats have given special importance to these border areas in the pro MoreBorder areas have special characteristics due to contact with various external environments. Existence of spatial exchanges and connections on both sides of the border and various vulnerabilities and threats have given special importance to these border areas in the process of development planning and land management, which if neglected, they will seriously face major challenges. In this regard, the purpose of this study is the role of informal economy in the development of rural economy in Kurdistan province. The statistical population of the present study includes residents of rural areas located in border villages of Kurdistan province that are directly connected to the border; Therefore, 14 villages in Baneh Sarvabad counties were the final target of the present study and among the villages of these rural areas, 27 villages located at a maximum distance of 50 km from the border have been studied. The instrument used in this study includes a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity is content (formal) and structural and its reliability has been confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the residents of the villages in the border areas agreed with the employment in the informal sector and expressed their satisfaction with this type of employment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - آمایش مناطق مرزی، با تأکید بر ایران
محمد حسن نامی -
Open Access Article
6 - آمایش مناطق مرزی و تدوین راهبردهای توسعه در منطقه مرزی تایباد
علیرضا عندلیب مژده جوانشیری -
Open Access Article
7 - A Comparative Study of the Explanatory Components of Sustainable Urban Development in Border Areas (Case Study: Marivan of Iran and Kalar of Iraqi Kurdistan)
Muqdad Hassan Abdul Qadir Shakale Ali Panahi Reza ValizadehIn today's world, cities have become the main place of residence and activity and the superior way of life. In this regard, some cities attract the population and others, such as border areas, repel the population. Due to the role of border cities in order to ensure the MoreIn today's world, cities have become the main place of residence and activity and the superior way of life. In this regard, some cities attract the population and others, such as border areas, repel the population. Due to the role of border cities in order to ensure the internal security of countries, the need for proper planning in order to improve the indicators of sustainable development in these areas is strongly felt. In general, it can be said that sustainability in cities seeks to successfully respond to current needs without compromising future needs in order to achieve a dynamic economy and a healthy natural environment with the cooperation of various organizations and people. Cities are a complex and living integrated system that includes economic, social, cultural, and physical components, and sustainable development, which is one of the main goals of United Nations policies and activities and the constant debate of developed and underdeveloped countries, is a process that requires improvement and Progress has been mentioned in various fields. For this purpose, the present study has been written with the aim of examining the components of sustainable urban development in border areas (Marivan of Iran and Kalar of Iraq) and to provide solutions to achieve the desired situation. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of exploratory-comparative nature which for data analysis has been used of structural equation modeling in Amos software. The statistical population of the study also included the citizens of Marivan and Kalar cities, which based on Cochran's formula, 383 people were determined as the sample size for each city. Findings show that the highest feasibility of sustainable development dimensions in Kalar city are related to sustainable community and culture, sustainable environment and body, sustainable security and sustainable economy with coefficients of 0.57, 0.52, 0.45 and 0.37, respectively, and in Marivan city were related to environment and sustainable body, sustainable community and culture, sustainable security and sustainable economy with coefficients of 0.61, 0.54, 0.48 and 0.46, respectively. The results also indicate that the situation of sustainable security and sustainable economy in these two cities is not appropriate and in Marivan city is slightly more favorable in sustainability indicators than of Kalar city.Also, the results indicate that the lack of proper planning and management of the studied cities has caused these cities to be in a state of disarray in various dimensions, such as the lack of citizens' awareness and preparation and exposure to crises, and the lack of job opportunities and access to stable incomes. Therefore, considering the integration of the concept of sustainability in different dimensions and the realization of sustainable development in a comprehensive and systemic approach, the need for strategic planning is felt in order to realize integrated sustainable development by considering different dimensions in the studied cities. Also, the root of many socio-economic issues and problems of backwardness of border areas, especially many security issues, should be considered in the general inadequacies and underdevelopment of these areas and neglecting them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A comparative study of the components of sustainable urban security in the border areas (case study Marivan city of Iran and Kalar city of Kurdistan Region of Iraq)
Muqdad Hassan Abdul Qadir Shakale Ali Panahi ولیزاده ValizadehOne of the main concerns of governments, especially in developing countries, is to provide security in border areas. In this regard, the current research was written with the aim of identifying the status of the components of sustainable urban security with an emphasis MoreOne of the main concerns of governments, especially in developing countries, is to provide security in border areas. In this regard, the current research was written with the aim of identifying the status of the components of sustainable urban security with an emphasis on the border cities of Marivan/Iran and Kalar/Kurdistan Region Iraq. The research method in the current study is quantitative-qualitative with an applied-developmental nature, and field-questionnaire (survey) method was used to collect information. In line with the analysis of research data, according to the descriptive-analytical approach, structural equation modeling has been used in Amos software. The statistical population of the research also includes the citizens of Marivan and Klar cities, based on Cochran's formula, 383 people have been determined as the sample size for each of the cities. The findings of the research show that the degree of realization of the dimensions of sustainable security, i.e. personal and social security, physical-environmental security, economic security, political security and supportive management based on the structural model in Kalar city is 0.72, 0.51, 0.64, 0.47 and 0.39 respectively, and in Marivan city is 0.64, 0.55, 0.27, 0.46 and 0.31 respectively. The results also indicate that the dimensions of economic security, political security and supportive management in Marivan city and the dimensions of political security and supportive management in Kalar city have an unfavorable situation. Therefore, the only difference between these two cities is the unfavorable state of economic security components in Marivan city and their favorable state in Kalar city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - آمایش مناطق مرزی، با تأکید بر ایران
محمد حسن نامی -
Open Access Article
10 - Identifying the opportunities and challenges of the teaching-learning process in the educational management of the border regions of Ilam province
Aref Pirani Shadman Kazemzadeh Masuod Nazarzadeh Hasan MomeniBorder regions have always had opportunities and challenges due to their special conditions. The teaching-learning process is also very important in these areas due to the lack of research. Therefore, the main goal of the current research was to identify the opportuniti MoreBorder regions have always had opportunities and challenges due to their special conditions. The teaching-learning process is also very important in these areas due to the lack of research. Therefore, the main goal of the current research was to identify the opportunities and challenges of the teaching-learning process in the border areas of Ilam province. The method of the present study was qualitative according to the exploratory aspect. The study population included the border areas of Dehloran and Mehran cities in the academic year of 1400-401. Based on the theoretical saturation rule, 22 teachers were selected by purposive sampling. The research tool was semi-structured interviews with an average duration of 40 minutes per interview. The views of the participants and some professors were used to validate the findings. Also, for reliability, the text of several interviews was analyzed and the agreement coefficient between the coders was 87%. Coding date was also used to analyze the findings. The findings showed that the opportunities of the teaching-learning process in border areas include 5 central themes (utilizing the capacity of virtual education, "utilizing the provincial television network", "utilizing the capacity to purchase educational services", "utilizing the capacity of border settlements and exploiting the material benefits of established companies) and challenges. Includes 15 pivotal themes (Infrastructure and Weaknesses of Infrastructure), Effects of Geographical Isolation on Education ,Challenges Related to Trafficking Consequences of War , Distance from the Center Unculture of Cultural Workers to Serve in Border Areas Parents hindered interaction in education, "lack of standard educational spaces in border areas", "early marriage of schoolgirls", "early entry of children into the labor market", "cultural poverty of families", "institutional inefficiency and environmental challenges". Manuscript profile
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