A comparative study of the components of sustainable urban security in the border areas (case study Marivan city of Iran and Kalar city of Kurdistan Region of Iraq)

Subject Areas :

Muqdad Hassan Abdul Qadir Shakale ¹ , Ali Panahi ² , ولی‌زاده Valizadeh ³

1 - Phd. Student, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Received: 2023-01-07 Accepted : 2023-02-09 Published : 2023-02-09

Keywords: Security, Border Areas, sustainable security, Marivan city, Kalar city,

Abstract :

One of the main concerns of governments, especially in developing countries, is to provide security in border areas. In this regard, the current research was written with the aim of identifying the status of the components of sustainable urban security with an emphasis on the border cities of Marivan/Iran and Kalar/Kurdistan Region Iraq. The research method in the current study is quantitative-qualitative with an applied-developmental nature, and field-questionnaire (survey) method was used to collect information. In line with the analysis of research data, according to the descriptive-analytical approach, structural equation modeling has been used in Amos software. The statistical population of the research also includes the citizens of Marivan and Klar cities, based on Cochran's formula, 383 people have been determined as the sample size for each of the cities. The findings of the research show that the degree of realization of the dimensions of sustainable security, i.e. personal and social security, physical-environmental security, economic security, political security and supportive management based on the structural model in Kalar city is 0.72, 0.51, 0.64, 0.47 and 0.39 respectively, and in Marivan city is 0.64, 0.55, 0.27, 0.46 and 0.31 respectively. The results also indicate that the dimensions of economic security, political security and supportive management in Marivan city and the dimensions of political security and supportive management in Kalar city have an unfavorable situation. Therefore, the only difference between these two cities is the unfavorable state of economic security components in Marivan city and their favorable state in Kalar city.