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Open Access Article
1 - Investigating the Effect of Light Exposure on Growth Kinetic and Natural Pigments Production by Spirulina platensis Using Stirred Photobioreactor
Sajjad Torabi Mahshid Jahadi Nafiseh Ghasemisepro Maryam Araj-ShirvaniIntroduction: Nowadays, Spirulina platensis is one of the most popular microalgae, containing significant amounts of active molecules and a rich source of pigments such as phycocyanin. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of exposure period of light emission MoreIntroduction: Nowadays, Spirulina platensis is one of the most popular microalgae, containing significant amounts of active molecules and a rich source of pigments such as phycocyanin. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of exposure period of light emission on culture of Spirulina platensis and production of pigments (chlorophyll, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and carotenoids) at 28 ° C, pH of 9, in submerged culture in a stirred tank photobioreactor was studied. Results: The results showed that increasing the exposure time is a growth stimulant in spirulina and by increasing the exposure time, the concentrations of biomass, chlorophyll, phycocyanin, allofycocyanin and carotenoids are increased significantly (p < 0.05). In the end days of cultivation, cell density increased the effect of surface shading on depth and the penetration of light into the depth of cultivation was reduced that affected the chlorophyll content. The 24-hour exposure period showed the highest concentrations of biomass, phycocyanin, allofycocyanin at 1.46 g/l, 145 and 39.57 mg/l, respectively, while the 16-hour exposure period had the highest concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoids at 8.62 and 3.55 mg/l, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, using of a 24-hour exposure period increases the production of pigments and biomass. However, the production of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments decreased at the end of the cultivation period due to the increase in biomass concentration and the reduction of light penetration in the 24-hour light treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Effectiveness of Combined Group Exposure Therapy and Coping with Stress Skills Training on Social Anxiety Rate of University Students
sadegh salajegheh noormohamad bakhshaniThe aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of combined group exposure therapy and coping with stress skills training on social anxiety rate of university students. The research was quasi -experimental comprising of two groups with pre–test and post- MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of combined group exposure therapy and coping with stress skills training on social anxiety rate of university students. The research was quasi -experimental comprising of two groups with pre–test and post-test. The statistical population included all university students in the academic year of 2011-2012 in Payamnoor University Branch of Rabor. From among voluntary students, 60 students were selected with administration of Social Phobia Questionnaire (Cannor, 2000) and structured clinical interview for social anxiety, based on diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn). Then, 20 students were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control groups). The experimental group participated in ten, 2-hours sessions of group exposure therapy accompanied with coping with stress skills training however, the control group received no intervention. At the end of intervention, the social phobia questionnaire was administered as post-test and two months later as the follow up, The results of analysis of covariance revealed a significant deference in social phobia scores of both groups (P≤0.0001) and mean scores of social phobia was higher in control group than in the intervention group both at the post test and follow up stages. The results of this research emphasize on the effectiveness of combined group treatments (exposure therapy and control of stress) on the treatment of social anxiety disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Epigenetic effects of paraquat on development of preimplantation embryo
Hadiseh Beheshti Dafchahi Parastoo Vakili nezami Fatemeh Sadat Mousavi Najmeh RanjiThe first vital stage in the developmental program occurs at the time before implantation, after fertilization, and before implantation of the fetus in the uterus. This period represents a vulnerable stage because the epigenome undergoes dynamic changes in DNA met MoreThe first vital stage in the developmental program occurs at the time before implantation, after fertilization, and before implantation of the fetus in the uterus. This period represents a vulnerable stage because the epigenome undergoes dynamic changes in DNA methylation profiles. Changes in early embryonic reprogramming can disrupt DNA methylation patterns and cause permanent changes in the growth program, leading to the onset of adverse health outcomes in offspring. Although there are many evidences that exposure to harmful substances during embryonic development before implantation can cause lasting epigenetic changes in offspring, the mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Since the physiological or pathological changes in DNA methylation can occur in response to environmental cues, a suitable environment plays an important role in fetal growth success. In this review article, we investigated the mechanisms involved in fetal epigenetic reprogramming during DNA methylation and maternal environmental stressors, such as the effects of paraquat herbicide during the pre-implantation stages of the embryo. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Effectiveness of Narrative Exposure Therapy on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Marital Intimacy among Women Affected by Marital Infidelity
Ali Mohammadi Saeed Imani Abolghasem KhoshkoneshThe purpose of this study was to effectiveness of narrative exposure therapy on posttraumatic stress disorder and marital intimacy among women affected by marital infidelity. This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group an MoreThe purpose of this study was to effectiveness of narrative exposure therapy on posttraumatic stress disorder and marital intimacy among women affected by marital infidelity. This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up 2 month. In this study the statistical population of all women affected by marital infidelity of Shahriar city in year 1400. In the first stage, using convenience sampling method, 24 women affected by marital infidelity were selected and then randomly divided into one experimental group (12 women) and one control group (12 women) were replaced and experimental group underwent narrative exposure therapy (8 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data revised civilian Mississippi scale for posttraumatic stress disorder of Norris and Perilla and marital intimacy scale of Walker and Thompson. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). The results of the study showed that of narrative exposure therapy in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on posttraumatic stress disorder and marital intimacy (P<0.05). Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that narrative exposure therapy can be used as a treatment method on posttraumatic stress disorder and marital intimacy among women affected by marital infidelity in counseling centers and psychological services Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - OPTIMUM GENERALIZED COMPOUND LINEAR PLAN FOR MULTIPLE-STEP STEP-STRESS ACCELERATED LIFE TESTS
Navin Chandra Mashroor Ahmad Kha -
Open Access Article
6 - Liver Damage Risk Assessment Study in Workers Occupationally Exposed to E-waste in Benin City, South-South Nigeria
John I. Anetor Oladele O. Osibanjo Humphrey Benedo Osadolor Festus A. Idomeh Williams Osazee Igiewe Ogochukwu Uzoma Kalikwu -
Open Access Article
7 - Effect of Pb- exposure on Serum Calcium and Phosphorus Components among Pb- Battery Manufacturing Workers
Ravibabu kalahasthi Barman Tapu -
Open Access Article
8 - Formaldehyde Carcinogenicity Risk Assessment Using Benchmark Doses Approach Based on Genotoxic Effects in Occupational Exposure
Rezvan Zendehdel Masoomeh Vahabi -
Open Access Article
9 - Evaluation of Control of Substances Hazard to Health (COSHH) Essentials Model by Measuring Occupational Exposure in a Chemical Production Industry
Masoomeh Vahabi Shekarloo Seyed Mohammad Sadat Zahra Moradpour Rezvan ZendehdelControl of Substances Hazard to Health (COSHH) Essentials is a simple, user-friendly matrix that provides risk-control solutions. Considering a large number of small enterprises under 25 workers in Iran and the lack of a suitable control banding tool, the COSHH Essentia MoreControl of Substances Hazard to Health (COSHH) Essentials is a simple, user-friendly matrix that provides risk-control solutions. Considering a large number of small enterprises under 25 workers in Iran and the lack of a suitable control banding tool, the COSHH Essentials can be considered an appropriate option. The purpose of the present experimental semi qualitative study was to evaluate the validity of the COSHH Essentials tool. Six processes were selected from a chemical products industry, including the production of silicone glue, polishing, PVC glue, Grease, Twin glue filling, and quality control. Amorphous silica and toluene concentrations were monitored using NIOSH 0600 and NIOSH 1501 in the ambient air of operators. The predicted exposure range (PER) was obtained by combining the control strategies available at the sampling time with exposure predictor (EP) bands in the COSHH Essentials, then compared to silica and toluene concentrations in the air.All exposure data were within the PER for amorphous silica dust and lower or within the PER for toluene. Compared to the acceptable concentration range in hazard bands, the threshold limit value (TLV) for respirable dust is within the acceptable concentration range, while toluene TLV exceeded it. COSHH Essentials is a conservative and safe tool, especially in liquids. Due to its simplicity, employers and health center experts can use the COSHH tool successfully for small enterprises or as a screening tool before a comprehensive risk assessment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Mycotoxins’ Toxicities - from Consumer Health Safety Concerns, to Mitigation/Treatment Strategies: A Perspective Review
Chinaza Awuchi Sarah Nwozo Mariama Salihu Grace Odongo Maryam Sarvarian Charles Okpala -
Open Access Article
11 - The Correlation of Blood Xylene Levels and Neurological Disorders among Informal Car Painters
Arie Kurnianto Tri Martiana Nemeskéri Zsolt István Ágoston Soedjajadi Keman -
Open Access Article
12 - Evaluation of Air Pollutants Caused by Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene at Kazakhstan Petrochemical Industries Inc. LLP in 2022
Kuanysh Syman Zuhra Muter Saleh Ahmed Hasoon Farah A. Dawood Zinah Salem Awfi Luau Ali Khaleel Bekenova Nazym Omarov Nazarbek Bakytbekovich Aldiyar E. Masalov -
Open Access Article
13 - Investigation of Ambient Aromatic Volatile Organic Compounds in Mosimi Petroleum Products Depot, Sagamu, Nigeria
ismail muhibbu-din -
Open Access Article
14 - " concern of health care workers.the aim of this"
Sara Rastegari Zahra MostafavianBackground:Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a serious concern of health care workers.the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of occupational blood and body fluids exposures among Mashhad Islamic Azad university hospital's health care worker MoreBackground:Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a serious concern of health care workers.the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of occupational blood and body fluids exposures among Mashhad Islamic Azad university hospital's health care workers in 1394. Methods:this analytical and descriptive study was conducted among Mashhad Islamic Azad university hospital's health care workers,who had direct contact with paitents in 1394.A checklist was provided to health care workers,containing data about occurness of occupational exposures,age sex, frequency of injuries,type of injuries ,work experience ,job category and ward. Results:of the 430 healthcare workers completed the checklists,145(33/7%) reported having been exposed to blood and body fluids in the last year.splash of blood and body fluids was the most reported injury(in 26/69% of cases)followed by needle stick (26/06%) and suture needles(15/69%). The majority of the exposures occurred in the emergency department(22/8%) followed by surgery department.two factors associated with occupational exposures were ward and job.age ,sex,work experience were not associated with all kinds of injuries.only splash of blood and body fluids was related to age and sex(p<0/05).needle stick, suture needle,recaping,splash,scalpel and drug bottle were related to job and the majority of the exposures was among nurses and operation technicians. All kinds of occupational exposures were related to ward including needle stick , suture needle, recaping, splash and scalpel and the majority occurred in emergency department. Conclssion:considering the high rate of occupational exposure among nurses and high rate of all kinds of exposures in emergency department in 17 Shahrivar , Farabi, 22Bahman , Aria hospitals, further preventive standard precautions shoud be implemented to prevent occupational exposures and emphasized on the importance of more education.splash was the most common cause of occupational exposures due to lack of using mask and eyesheild, so this personal protective equipments shoud be provided in adequate number and shoud be available . high rate of occupational exposure with suture needle ,scalpel and drug bottle in nurses emphasized on the importance of targeted education for personels. So that educations shoud be proportionable to personnel's special exposures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Socio-cultural Drivers of Adaptations and Vulnerability to Climate Change: Lessons from Crop Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria
Ademola Adegoroye Tolulope Olubunmi-Ajayi Olayinka Oladosu Emmanuel OloruntobaThis study investigated the socio-cultural determinants of climate change adaptation and vulnerability among crop farmers in Ondo State, South-western Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling approach and the Delphi method, 150 respondents were selected from the three Sena MoreThis study investigated the socio-cultural determinants of climate change adaptation and vulnerability among crop farmers in Ondo State, South-western Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling approach and the Delphi method, 150 respondents were selected from the three Senatorial Zones. Primary data were sourced with the aid of a survey and oral interviews. The collected data were analyzed using the vulnerability index, Ordinal logistic regression, and Heckman probit regression. The findings revealed that the socio-cultural characteristics of respondents contributed to their vulnerability to climate change, as indicated by an average livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) of 0.33. Notably, factors such as water availability and adaptation practices exhibited higher vulnerability indices of 0.49 and 0.42, respectively. The overall LVI and LVI-IPCC averages were 0.35 and 0.02, respectively, highlighting the existence of vulnerability among farming households. The results of ordinal logistic regression revealed that age, marital status, education level, and income from agriculture were statistically significant factors determining the level of vulnerability to climate change in the study area. Consequently, the results of the Heckman two-step regression model revealed that age, marital status, household size, education, religion, belief, family structure, and community teamwork were the significant factors affecting the adaptation and vulnerability to climate change in the area. Policy should be geared towards improving the socio-cultural factors for sustainable livelihoods with an income diversification strategy by the government for crop farmers in order to cushion the effects of low income realized from farming activities in the area. Manuscript profile