Developing a model to examine the factors influencing ambivalence in organizational citizenship behavior within government organizations

Subject Areas : human resource management

Saedeh Ahani ¹ , حمید رضایی فر ^{2 *} , Mohammad Mohammadi ³ , Hosien Hakimpur ⁴

1 -
2 - Assistant Prof. Management Department, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran.
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran.

Received: 2024-10-02 Accepted : 2024-11-02 Published : 2025-02-03

Keywords: Ambivalence, citizenship behavior, organizational citizenship behavior,

Abstract :

Background and purpose: In contemporary workplaces, citizenship behavior significantly influences both individual and organizational performance. Employees typically exhibit a strong inclination to engage in organizational citizenship behaviors. However, the research indicates that, in certain circumstances, such behaviors may have adverse effects on organizations. Therefore, this study aims to develop a model that identifies the antecedents of ambivalence regarding organizational citizenship behavior within government organizations.

Research method: The current research methodology is qualitative, employing thematic analysis as the strategic approach. The participants consisted of eight managers from government executive bodies and five university professors. A purposeful and snowball sampling technique was utilized, and data analysis was conducted using open and axial coding. To assess the validity of the qualitative model, the agreement coefficient between two coders was calculated, yielding a value of 0.784, which indicates a strong level of validity for the model.

Findings: The research findings identify four themes: cognitive, structural, social, and emotional, along with individual themes. In total, there are 12 overarching themes and 152 basic themes identified within the study.

Conclusion: The identified factors significantly contribute to the ambivalence surrounding organizational citizenship behavior in government organizations, prompting the need for proposed solutions to mitigate this issue.

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