Iranian Political Research: 5 (2)

Open Access Article

1 - An Analysis into Immaculate Imams’ View and Way of Conduct toward Cruel Government and Governor
Mohammad Reza  Ahmadi Taleshian Ali  Shir‐Khani

The  present  paper  deals  with  Infallible  Imams’  view  on  the  cruel government, in addition to elaborating on the concept of the cruel government. Altho More

The  present  paper  deals  with  Infallible  Imams’  view  on  the  cruel government, in addition to elaborating on the concept of the cruel government. Although before the major Occultation Era the issue of the cruel governor had been under question, the concept has been extensively used in the literature of Shiite jurisprudence since the major Occultation. The way of treating rulers has been one of the greatest concerns of the Shiite jurisprudents in the era such that the question of whether their action was in accordance with Infallible Imams’  will  was  put  forward.  Despite  the  existence  of  particular principles  since  the  major  Occultation  Era,  the  concept  of  cruel governor has been developed under different circumstances. What is Immaculate Imams’ view on cruel governors? What was their way of conduct toward the rulers of their times and what did they suggest their followers and devotees doing in confrontation with cruel rulers? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - A Critique and Analysis of Reasons for Illegitimacy of the Religious Government during the Occultation Era
Mohammad Mahdi Baba‐Pur Golafshani Ali  Jafar‐Zade

Some believe that a religious government during the Occultation Era does not have the necessary legitimacy. The proponents of the idea have presented reasons mo More

Some believe that a religious government during the Occultation Era does not have the necessary legitimacy. The proponents of the idea have presented reasons most of which refer to the absence of the twelfth  Imam  per  se  and  the  existence  of  narrations  that  have pictured  any  uprisings  or  restorative  movements  as  useless, inefficient  and  even  illegitimate.  The  present  study  is  aimed  at indicating that the absence of the twelfth Imam per se may not be a reason for the illegitimacy of the religious government but a religious government can set the stage for the messianic culture. It will also show  that  despite  the  existence  of  narrations  that  reject  the legitimacy  of  an  uprising  during  the  Occultation  Era,  there  are genuine narrations in the narrative reference books that refer to the legitimacy of the movement. By drawing a comparison between the two categories of narrations, it may be concluded that some of those uprisings, including Imam Khomeini’s uprising that led to an Islamic government, were legitimate in case of having the conditions of an uprising.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Proportion of Islam and Politics: A Fuzzy Logic Approach
Mahdi  Qavami‐Pur Mohammad Ali  Hosseini‐Zade

Whereas one group of researchers think of Islam as inherently political in their investigating the proportion of Islam to politics, the other group thinks of&nb More

Whereas one group of researchers think of Islam as inherently political in their investigating the proportion of Islam to politics, the other group thinks of the political reading of Islam as a new phenomenon that has resulted from the contact between Islamic world and the West  and  modernity.  Either  has  presented  many  proofs  and documents, and so far none of them has succeeded in convincing the other.  However,  based  on  the  fuzzy  logic,  which  shows  that  any proposition can be either true or false, it can be said that while facing politics and power, Islam has invariably taken a position given its own position, and in fact the position has been with particular political proportion. On the other hand, although the political Islam has been conceptually  unprecedented,  it  is  not  disproportionate  to  Islam. More importantly, by using a fuzzy set, it can be seen that scholars and religious authorities have always been political to some extent during the Occultation, and the avoidance of politics under the title of dissimulation, stopping the enforcement of religious punishments during  the  Occultation  according  to  some  religious  scholars’ jurisprudential  opinion,  or  the  establishment  of  the  Islamic Government with jurists’ guardianship and their governance over all pillars of power, all constitute the zero and one of our fuzzy set, which have the least membership in the fuzzy set, and most scholars, authorities and Shiite thoughts fall within zero and one.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - An Elaboration on the Anthropological Grounds for Maximum Involvement of the Administration in Education with a Focus on Plato’s and Farabi’s Views
Ali  Ali‐Hosseini Mahmood  Fallah Fahimeh  Qaemi

Among miscellaneous views on the relationship between people and the state,  there  are  some  that  believe  the  state  must  control  the relations  between  the& More

Among miscellaneous views on the relationship between people and the state,  there  are  some  that  believe  the  state  must  control  the relations  between  the  human  and  the  soul  with  an  educational purpose to bring about prosperity for human beings; a belief, which was developed by Plato in ancient Greek and was explicated and moderated by Farabi on the grounds he set for its development in Islamic thought. In proposing their political views, Plato and Farabi considered  education  as  an  essential  concept  and  thought  of  the state  as  obliged  to  make  it  come  true  without  any  limitation. However, of the important questions that are posed to investigate those  views  is  how  the  human  and  his  needs  and  abilities  are pictured, on the basis of which requirements are taken into account and  justified  in  the  form  of  politico‐educational  views  to  reach perfection.  Apparently,  that  picture  shows  lack  of  sureness  about humans’ ability to elevate themselves and inequalities among them in using or taking advantage of reason. The purpose of picturing the human being from the standpoint of the thinkers that believe in the involvement of the state in education with a focus on anthropological understanding of the leading pioneers of that view, i.e. Plato and Farabi, is to gain a better appreciation of their politico‐educational measures.  A  comparative  elaboration  on  the  anthropological standpoints  of  those  thinkers  and  their  impact  on  their  politico‐educational  views  will  follow  a  short  introduction  to  Plato’s  and Farabi’s political thoughts and educational prescriptions. This paper will show that the belief in inequality of human beings in using their reason and sensual faculty, distrust in nature and different levels of educability of human beings will necessitate their guidance or control that will result in extremist views on the correction and purification of the human being if followed meticulously.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Role and Socio‐Political Position of Clergymen in the Three Decades after the Islamic Revolution
Reza Issa‐Nia

The  present  paper,  using  a  descriptive‐analytic  method,  is  aimed  at elaborating on the role and socio‐political position of clergymen in the three decades a More

The  present  paper,  using  a  descriptive‐analytic  method,  is  aimed  at elaborating on the role and socio‐political position of clergymen in the three decades after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. In reply to the question of whether clergymen have had a successful role and socio‐political position in the three decades after the Islamic Revolution, the results of this study show that the institution of clergymen need to be more and more integrated and structured within the triangular qualification  framework  (i.e.  morality,  knowledge  of  Islam  and political knowledge), albeit no impressive strides made in that regard.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Crisis‐Centered Approach to Hassan al‐Banna’s Political Thought
Mohammad  Baqeri Mohammad  Javad Khalili

Hassan al‐Banna is considered as one of the effective Islamic thinkers for establishing the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt. Analyzing his thought with  new  approaches  will  open  up  new  horizons  for  researchers. From  More

Hassan al‐Banna is considered as one of the effective Islamic thinkers for establishing the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt. Analyzing his thought with  new  approaches  will  open  up  new  horizons  for  researchers. From  the  perspective  of  intellectual  reformist  movement  in  the Islamic world to which Hassan al‐Banna belong, the Islamic world is facing multiple crises that result from distance from the pure Islam. The advent of sociological approaches, like Sprigens’ crisis theory, will provide the opportunity to reinterpret his political thought. Based on that approach, the main research questions of this study are what the current major crisis of the Islamic world is from Hassan al‐Banna’s perspective and what solutions to resolve the crisis can be offered based  on  his  political  thought.  This  paper  initially  analyzes  the subjective  and  objective  circumstances  that  influenced  Hassan  al‐Banna’s political thought and then seeks to answer the main research question on the basis of the four stages of Sprigens’ theory of crisis.   Manuscript profile

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