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        1 - The Common Recitation in Iran in the Fifth and Sixth Lunar Centuries: A Case Study of Strong Recitations in Astan Quds Razavi's Masāḥif
        Elaheh Shahpasand Seyede Mahnaz Sharifianfar
        In order to discover common recitations in the 5th and 6th centuries of Iran, this research has investigated the recitations recorded in three Qur'ans from the fifth century and three Qur'ans from the sixth century in the library of Astan Quds Razavi. Therefore, a table More
        In order to discover common recitations in the 5th and 6th centuries of Iran, this research has investigated the recitations recorded in three Qur'ans from the fifth century and three Qur'ans from the sixth century in the library of Astan Quds Razavi. Therefore, a table containing 1000 words was prepared. After preparing the statistics of the degree of similarity of the reading of these words with each of the ten readings as well as the remaining cases from Abu Hatem's authority, it was concluded that the calligraphy of this book is most similar to the script of Būm of Basrah, and then Kufah. It has the least resemblance to the Shami script. In this sense, there has been no change compared to the fourth century. Examining the "field of the letters" (farsh al-ḥorūf) of the Qur'an and comparing it with the ten recitations also shows that these Qur'an were not subject to a single reading, but they contain an authority, one of the criteria of which is the approval of more reciters. In general, the recitation of these books is similar to the recitation of Āṣim and then Khalaf". In comparison with the fourth century, the common recitation has turned away from being more similar to Abu Amr's Basri recitation and is inclined to the Kufic recitations, especially the Ḥafs narration of the Āṣim recitation. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Quranic Readings; from the Literary Approach to the Tradtional Approach: a Comparative study of Quranic Readings in the Maʾāni al-Qurʾān by al-Farrā’ and Maʾāni al-Qurʾān by al-Zajjāj
        Elaheh Shahpasand
        In the transition from the third century to the fourth century, we are witnessing a change in the approach of the Scholars towards the Quranic readings. The Quranic readings, which were previously used as a literary tool and with the least of limitations, at the beginni More
        In the transition from the third century to the fourth century, we are witnessing a change in the approach of the Scholars towards the Quranic readings. The Quranic readings, which were previously used as a literary tool and with the least of limitations, at the beginning of the fourth century, relied on the use of traditional patterns and used numerous instruments of authentication for the hadith. This paper presents one of the evidences of this change of approach, comparing two “maani al-Quran”s, one of them by Farra and of the early third century, and the other by Zajjaj, which belonged to the early fourth century, and concluded that Farra, who in The period of prevalence of rationalism and moderate temperament has lived, in addition to semantic use, has used Quranic readings as a means to advance its literary debates. But Zajjaj that lived during the time of the Dominant of the Ashab al-hadith and itself belongs to this way of thinking considers the Quranic reading to be a "tradition," and in all its interactions with the readings, is affected by the “Sunnah” as a key term Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Analysis of reading attributed to Imaam Sadeq from the second verse of “Maʿāriǧ”
        zahra zarei Elaheh Shahpasand
        Analysis of reading attributed to Imaam Sadeq from the second verse of “Maʿāriǧ”Some readings on formal volumes have a pure Shiite essence that led to accusations against shia toward interpolation of Quran. And this shows the importance of examination of the More
        Analysis of reading attributed to Imaam Sadeq from the second verse of “Maʿāriǧ”Some readings on formal volumes have a pure Shiite essence that led to accusations against shia toward interpolation of Quran. And this shows the importance of examination of these readings.This article does a case study on the reading akin to Imaam Sadeq from the second verse of “Maʿāriǧ” chapter that consists of the run-in term “Wilāya ʿAlī”.This research in two sections: a. Dating of narration based on “isnaad-qum-matn” analysis, b. Historical analysis of narration in order to finding the motivation of distribution, tends to study characteristics of this reading and concluded that distribution date of this reading is around year 148 of lunar calendar. Examining historical and disputation atmosphere of the era obtains that this reading distributed in the aura of political and cultural warfare against “ʿAbbāsiyān” house for improving vision of the society toward distinguish of the real instance of “Walī”. Manuscript profile