Abstract: With the increase of Iranian influence in Lebanon after the Islamic revolution it is necessary to examine the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon. The issue of intelligent power which consists of soft and hard power has gained importance More
Abstract: With the increase of Iranian influence in Lebanon after the Islamic revolution it is necessary to examine the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon. The issue of intelligent power which consists of soft and hard power has gained importance in present day world. In this regard Iran’s soft power in Lebanon has been materialized in the form of intelligent power. The present paper by a descriptive-analytical method and by the help of library sources deals with the above issue. The underlying hypothesis is that the soft power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon has turned into intelligent power due to presence of Hezbollah in real battle field and participation in parliamentary process in political scene of Lebanon. The question raised by the paper is “what is the impact of intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran on Lebanon Hezbollah and Shiites?” The finding of the study shows that the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran has helped the Hezbollah to gain important victory in both sensitive parliamentary and battle field struggle.
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Abstract:
The Syria crisis is passing through its sixth year and during these years several theories have been given to explain the causes of this crisis. One of these theories considers the existence of wide and extensive ethnic and religious differences and conflicts More
Abstract:
The Syria crisis is passing through its sixth year and during these years several theories have been given to explain the causes of this crisis. One of these theories considers the existence of wide and extensive ethnic and religious differences and conflicts which shows itself in intergroup (Shiite-Sunni) and outer group (Kurdish-Arabic) differences. The present paper wants to examine how the existence of ethnic and religious differences has led to the growth of radicalism in Syria? The underlying hypothesis is that the existence of extensive ethnic and religious differences in Syria and the inability of the government to manage them have led to an increase in the level of conflict and social discontent. These differences and conflicts have become sharper and deeper after Syria got its independence from France (1946) and then the rise of Baath Party (1963) and subsequently the domination of Alawites on the Syrian government (1970). Eventually these ethnic and religious differences led to hostility and formation of radical groups against the government in Syria.
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Abstract: In the past thirteen years the question of nuclear issue of Iran has become one of the important issues in the Middle East. Iran, the United States and the littoral states of the Persian Gulf are the actors who are concerned with security repercussions of the More
Abstract: In the past thirteen years the question of nuclear issue of Iran has become one of the important issues in the Middle East. Iran, the United States and the littoral states of the Persian Gulf are the actors who are concerned with security repercussions of the nuclear issue. The position of the United States and the Arab countries of the south of the Persian Gulf is opposition to peaceful Iranian nuclear program. The question raised by the present article is why the United States tried to emphasize that the nuclear program of Iran is a threat to the countries of the region and there existed security problem? The underlying hypothesis is that the securitization of the nuclear issue of Iran along with Iran phobia project can ensure the United States strategic interests in the Middle East particularly the Persian Gulf region. The impression of the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf region has also shaped on the basis of these propagandas. The present article examines the above issue within the framework of aggressive realism.
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