The Effect of Gd Cation Substitution on the Structural and Electromagnetic Properties of Z-Type Barium Hexaferrite

Subject Areas :

Mohammad  Jazirehpour ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of Electroceramics and Electrical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Iran.)
Ahmad  Poorbafrani ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Electroceramics and Electrical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Iran.)
Zinat  Mirzaei ³ (Master student, Nanoscience and Technology (Nanophysics), Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Iran.)

Received: 2022-01-20 Accepted : 2022-03-06 Published : 2022-10-04

Keywords: Energetic Milling Microwave Absorption Electrical Permittivity Magnetic Permeability Z, type Barium Hexaferrite,

Abstract :

The effect of gadolonium cation substitution on the structural and electromagnetic properties of Z-type barium hexaferrite was investigated in this study. This group of compounds is known as Ba3Co2-xGdxFe24O41, and it was created using the energetic milling approach with substitution values of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 0.1, and 1.2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos of Ba3Co1.6Gd0.4Fe24O41 samples were obtained to investigate the phase formation temperature and the effect of particle size on the properties of this compound. A network vector analyzer was used to assess the real and imaginary components of the samples' electrical permittivity (ε) and magnetic permeability (μ) in order to evaluate their electromagnetic properties (VNA). Using these coefficients, reflection loss diagrams of the compounds were created in the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. By examining the samples in terms of maximum absorption intensity and bandwidth at the same time, the samples with Gd substitution with x = 0.5 in the frequency bands S and C1, the sample with x = 0.3 in the band C2, the sample with x = 0.3 in the X band, the sample with x = 0.1 in the X band, and the sample with x = 1.2 in the Ku band were chosen as the optimal samples (S: 1-2 GHz, C1: 2-4 GHz, C2: 4-8 GHz, X: 8-12 GHz, Ku: 12-18 GHz).

References:

[1] م. نصر اصفهانی، "تأثیر ابعاد ذرات بر روی خواص جذبی امواج رادار در کامپوزیت­های نانو ساختار فریت نوع Z / پلیمر"، فرآیندهای نوین در مهندسی مواد، دوره 7، شماره 1، صفحه 86-81، 1392.

 

[2] ز. میرزایی، م. جزیره پور و ا. پوربافرانی، "بررسی خواص الکترومغناطیسی و جذب ماکروویو هگزافریت نوع Z با جانشانی روی"، فرآیندهای نوین در مهندسی مواد، دوره 14، شماره 3، صفحه 70-61، 1399.

 

[3] Z. W. Li, M. J. Chua & Z. H. Yang, "Studies of static, high-frequency and electromagnetic attenuation properties for Y-type hexaferrites Ba₂Cu_xZn_2−xFe₁₂O₂₂ and their composites". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 382, pp. 134–141, 2015.

 

[4] Y. Bai, J. Zhou, Z. Gui & L. Li, "An investigation of the magnetic properties of Co₂Y hexaferrite". Materials Letters, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 807–811, 2002.

 

[5] G. Mu, N. Chen, X. Pan, H. Shen & M. Gu, "Preparation and microwave absorption properties of barium ferrite nanorods". Materials Letters, vol. 62, no. 6–7, pp. 840–842, 2008.

 

[6] A. Manhas & M. Singh, "Remarkable room temperature magnetic behaviour of ferroxplana Sr-Cu-Zn doped Z-type hexaferrites". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 503, p.166640, 2020.

 

[7] X. Huo, H. Su, Y. Wang, Y. Li & X. Tang, "Effects of Zn substitution on high-frequency properties of Ba_1.5Sr_1.5Co_2-xZn_xFe₂₂O₄₁ hexaferrites". Ceramics International, vol. 47, no. 12, pp.17120-17127, 2021.

 

[8] M. Kumar Manglam & M. Kar, "Effect of Gd doping on magnetic and MCE properties of M-type barium hexaferrite". Journal of Alloys and Compounds, p. 163367, 2021.

 

[9] S. Kolev, P. Peneva, K. Krezhov, T. Malakova, C. Ghelev, T. Koutzarova, D. Kovacheva, B. Vertruyen, R. Closset, L. Maria Tran & A. Zaleski, "Structural, Magnetic and Microwave Characterization of Polycrystalline Z-Type Sr₃Co₂Fe₂₄O₄₁ Hexaferrite". Materials, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 2355, 2020.

 

[10] K. Singha, R. Jasrotia, V. P. Singh, M. Chandel, R. Kumar & S. Kalia, "A study of magnetic properties of Y–Ni–Mn substituted Co₂Z-type nanohexaferrites via vibrating sample magnetometry".  Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 373-381, 2021.

 

[11] J. Xu, G. Ji, H. Zou, Y. Zhou & S. Gan, "Structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of Nd-doped Co₂Z-type hexaferrites". Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 509, no. 11, pp. 4290–4294, 2011.

 

[12] R. Joshi, C. Singh, J. Singh, D. Kaur & S.B. Narang, "A study of microwave absorbing properties in Co–Gd doped M-type Ba–Sr hexaferrites prepared using ceramic method". Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 28, no. 16, pp. 11969-11978, 2017.

 

[13] S. B. S. Magham, M. Sharma, S. R. Shannigrahi, Hui Ru Tan, V. Sharma, Yu Song Meng, S. Idapalpati, R. V. Ramanujan & D. V. M. Repaka, "Development of Z-type hexaferrites for high frequency EMI shielding applications". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 441, pp. 303-309, 2017.

 

[14] P. N. Dhruv, R. C. Pullar, C. Singh, F. E. Carvalho, R. B. Jotania, S. S. Meena & J. Singh, "Design and development of Ga-substituted Z-type hexaferrites for microwave absorber applications: Mössbauer, static and dynamic properties". Ceramics International, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 1145-1162, 2021.

 

[15] P. N. Dhruv, S. S. Meena, R. C. Pullar, F. E. Carvalho, R. B. Jotania, P. Bhatt, C. L. Prajapat, J. P. B. Machado, T. C. Rao & C. B. Basak, "Investigation of structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of gallium substituted Z-type Sr₃Co_2-xGa_xFe₂₄O₄₁ hexaferrites for microwave absorbers". Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 822, p. 153470, 2020.

 

[16] Z. W. Li, Y. P. Wu, G. Q. Lin & L. Chen, "Static and dynamic magnetic properties of CoZn substituted Z-type barium ferrite Ba₃Co_xZn_2-xFe₂₄O₄₁ composites". Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials, vol. 310, no. 1, pp. 145–151, 2007.

 

[17] H. Zhang, J. Zhou, Y. Wang, L. Li, Z. Yue & Z. Gui, "The effect of Zn ion substitution on electromagnetic properties of low-temperature fired Z-type hexaferrite". Ceramics international, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 917–923, 2002.

 

[18] Y. Bai, J. Zhou, Z. Gui & L. Li, "Frequency dispersion of complex permeability of Y-type hexagonal ferrites". Materials Letters, vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 1602–1606, 2004.

 

[19] J. Huo, L. Wang & H. Yu, "Polymeric nanocomposites for electromagnetic wave absorption". Journal of materials science, vol. 44, no. 15, pp. 3917–3927, 2009.

 

[20] M. Jazirehpour & S. A. Seyyed Ebrahimi. "Carbothermally synthesized core–shell carbon–magnetite porous nanorods for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption and the effect of the heterointerface". Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 639, pp. 280-288, 2015.

 

[21] D. Basandrai, R. K. Bedi, A. Dhami, J. Sharma, S. B. Narang, K. Pubby, A. Gupta & A. K. Srivastava, "Aluminum and chromium substituted Z-type hexaferrites for antenna and microwave absorber applications".  Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, vol. 85(1), pp.59-65, 2018.