Preparation of an Educational Package Based on Wise Psychological Interventions to Prevent Aggressiveness of Delinquent Teenagers
Subject Areas : Psychological Models and Methods
Kamran Hekmat
1
,
Mahboobeh FouladChang
2
*
1 - PhD Student in Educational Psychology,Shiraz, University.Iran
2 - Associate Professor of Educational Psychology, Shiraz University.Iran
Keywords: Wise Psychological Intervention aggression, Juvenile delinquents, Thematic analysis,
Abstract :
|
Background and purpose: Preventing aggression is important, especially among delinquent adolescents. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to develop an educational package based on wise psychological interventions to prevent aggression among delinquent adolescents. Methods: The present research method was qualitative, using the Atride Stirling technique and a deductive (theory-based) approach. For this purpose, based on relevant research sources in the field of wise interventions, using a purposeful method and using the theoretical saturation criterion, 19 articles published in reputable journals in and outside the country between 2004 and 2022 were reviewed and themes related to this field were extracted. Nvivo software was used to analyze the themes. In the work process, 29 basic themes, 8 organizing themes, and 3 overarching themes were identified. Subsequently, according to the conceptual framework obtained, an educational intervention protocol was developed for 6 sessions. The content validity and reliability of this educational package was evaluated using the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (0.80) and the Holstie’s coefficient (0/91), which indicated an acceptable situation. Findings: The findings of the research showed that the educational protocol based on wise psychological interventions was effective in reducing the aggression of teenagers. Conclusion: The components of personal values and helping a person on the path of adolescent’s integration can help him to express his feelings, appreciate others and at the same time maintain his values, improve his psychological capabilities. In these interventions, the need of teenagers for internal cohesion is emphasized, the negative effects of threatening the individual's sense of integrity through past negative experiences and its consequences are discussed. This educational package can be effective by strengthening his inner cohesion and improving his health. |
1. Voulgaridou I, Kokkinos CM. Relational aggression in adolescents: A review of theoretical and empirical research. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2015 Jul 1;23:87-97. DOI:10.1016/j.avb.2015.05.006.
2. Chester DS. Aggression as successful self‐control. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 2024 Feb;18(2):e12832. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12832.
3. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P. Kaplan and Sadock's comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. lippincott Williams & wilkins; 2017 May 11.
4. Bandura A. The social learning theory of aggression. InThe War System 2019 Aug 15 (pp. 141-156). https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.106.1.59.
5. Myers TD, Salcedo A, Frick PJ, Ray JV, Thornton LC, Steinberg L, Cauffman E. Understanding the link between exposure to violence and aggression in justice-involved adolescents. Development and Psychopathology. 2018 May;30(2):593-603.DOI: 10.1017/S0954579417001134. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001134.
6. Piko BF, Pinczés T. Impulsivity, depression and aggression among adolescents. Personality and individual differences. 2014 Oct 1; 69:33-7. DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2014.05.008.
7. Sidhu TK, Kaur P, Sangha NK, Bansal AS.
Aggression among adolescents–A cross- sectional study. Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research. 2019 Dec
27;1(1):21-6.
Dio.10.25259/AUJMSR_3_2019.
8. Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Foshee VA, Ennett ST, Suchindran C. The development of aggression during adolescence: Sex differences in trajectories of physical and social aggression among youth in rural areas. Journal of abnormal child psychology. 2008 Nov; 36:1227-36. Dio: 10.1007/s10802-008-9245-5
9. Chung JE, Song G, Kim K, Yee J, Kim JH, Lee KE, Gwak HS. Association between anxiety and aggression in adolescents: cross-sectional study. BMC pediatrics. 2019 Dec; 19:1-9. Dio.10.1186/s12887-019-1479-6.
10. Castillo-Eito L, Armitage CJ, Norman P, Day MR, Dogru OC, Rowe R. How can adolescent aggression be reduced? A multi-level meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review. 2020 Jun 1;78:101853.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101853.
11. Olisaeloka L, Udokanma E, Ashraf A. Psychosocial interventions for depression among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Systems. 2024 Jun 22;18(1):24.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-024-00642.
12. Walton GM, Wilson TD. Wise interventions: Psychological remedies for social and personal problems. Psychological review. 2018 Oct; 125(5):617.
https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000115...
13. Yeager DS, Dweck CS. Mindsets that promote resilience: When students believe that personal characteristics can be developed. Educational psychologist. 2012 Oct 1;47(4):302-14.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2012.722805.
14. Weiner B. An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological review. 1985 Oct;92(4):548. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/0033-295X.92.4.548.
15. Walton GM, Crum AJ, editors. Handbook of wise interventions. Guilford Publications; 2020 Nov 10. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000115.
16. Allen JJ, Anderson CA, Bushman BJ. The general aggression model. Current opinion in psychology. 2018 Feb 1;19:75-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.03.
17. Attride-Stirling J. Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research. Qualitative research. 2001 Dec;1(3):385-405. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410100100307.
18. Calvete E, Cortazar N, Fernández-González L, Echezarraga A, Beranuy M, León A, González-Cabrera J, Orue I. Effects of a brief preventive intervention in cyberbullying and grooming in adolescents. Psychosocial intervention. 2021;30(2):75-84. https://doi.org/10.5093/pi2020a22.
19. Schleider J, Weisz J. A single‐session growth mindset intervention for adolescent anxiety and depression: 9‐month outcomes of a randomized trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2018 Feb;59(2):160-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12811.
20. Claro S, Paunesku D, Dweck CS. Growth mindset tempers the effects of poverty on academic achievement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2016 Aug 2;113(31):8664-8. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608207113
21. Cohen GL, Sherman DK. The psychology of change: Self-affirmation and social psychological intervention. Annual review of psychology. 2014 Jan 3;65(1):333-71. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115137.
22. Schunk DH. Self-regulation of self-efficacy and attributions in academic settings. InSelf-regulation of learning and performance 2023 Jan 6 (pp. 75-99). Routledge.
23. Binning KR, Cook JE, Greenaway VP, Garcia J, Apfel N, Sherman DK, Cohen GL. Securing self‐integrity over time: Self‐affirmation disrupts a negative cycle between psychological threat and academic performance. Journal of Social Issues. 2021 Sep;77(3):801-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12461
24. Kloosterboer N. Transparent emotions? A critical analysis of Moran's transparency claim. Philosophical Explorations. 2015 May 4;18(2):246-58. dio.10.1080/13869795.2015.1032327.
25. Wood AM, Froh JJ, Geraghty AW. Gratitude and well-being: A review and theoretical integration. Clinical psychology review. 2010 Nov 1;30(7):890-905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.005.
26. Hall PA. The political sources of social solidarity. The strains of commitment: The political sources of solidarity in diverse societies. 2017 Apr 4:201-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44062-6.
27. Hoppler SS, Segerer R, Nikitin J. The six components of social interactions: actor, partner, relation, activities, context, and evaluation. Frontiers in psychology. 2022 Jan 10;12:743074.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.743074.
28. King, N. Horrocks, C. and Brooks, J. 2019. Interviews in Qualitative Research.
29. Sherman DK, Lokhande M, Müller T, Cohen GL. Self-affirmation interventions. Handbook of wise interventions: How social-psychological insights can help solve problems. 2020 Nov 10:63-99.
30. Yeager DS, Trzesniewski KH, Dweck CS. An implicit theories of personality intervention reduces adolescent aggression in response to victimization and exclusion. Child development. 2013 May;84(3):970-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2012.722805.
31. Aronson E. Dissonance, hypocrisy, and the self-concept. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000135-007 .
32. Woolfolk A. Educational psychology. Pearson; 2016.