Occurrence of diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli pathotypes from ready-to-eat foods
Subject Areas : Food HygieneR. Al-Zubaidi 1 , N. Fallah 2 , A. Jamshidi 3
1 - PhD. student of Food Hygiene. Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - PhD. of Food Hygiene, Veterinary Head Office of Khorasan-Razavi Province, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Professor. Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Keywords: PCR, Escherichia coli, Ready-to-eat foods,
Abstract :
Diarrheal strains of Escherichia coli (DEC) are common pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans through the consumption of contaminated food. The present study was conducted on 240 samples including strudel, pizza, sandwiches, and salad. E. coli was isolated by conventional culture tests and confirmed by PCR (using uidA gene). Out of 240 samples, 123 isolates (51.25%) were found positive as E. coli. Amongst 103 isolates (42.9%) contained no pathogenic genes. 11 isolates (4.6%) were identified as EPEC, 5 isolates (2%) as EHEC, 2 isolates (0.8%) as EAEC. ETEC and EIEC were not detected in any of the samples. Due to the contamination of ready-to-eat food samples with intestinal pathogenic pathotypes, continuous monitoring of the field of ready-to-eat food is suggested.
References:
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Guion, C.E., Ochoa, T.J., Walker, C.M., Barlita, F. and Cleary, T.G. (2008). Detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli by use of melting-curve analysis and real-time multiplex PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 46, 1752-1757.
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Mccarthy, S. and Burkhardt III, W. (2012). Efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water against Listeria monocytogenes and Morganella morganii on conveyor belt and raw fish surfaces. Food Control, 24, 214-219.
Morfin-Otero, R., Mendoza-Olazaran, S., Sllva-Sanchez, J., Rodriguez-Noriega, E., Laca-diaz, J., Tinoco-Carrillo, P., et al. (2013). Characterization of Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Mexico, which produces extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Microbial Drug Resistance, 19, 378-383.
Rappelli, P., Maddau, G., Mannu, F., Colombo M., Fori, P. and Cappuccinelli P. (2001). Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the simultaneous identification of enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohemorrhagic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. New Microbiologica, 24, 77-83.
Rezaei, Z., Salari, A. and Khnzadi, S. (2021). Biofilm formation and antibacterial properties of Lactobacillus isolated from indigenous dairy products. Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control, 8, 162-168.
Rugelus, L.C., Bai, J., Martinez, A.J., Vanegas, M.C. and Gomez-Duarte, O.G. (2010). Molecular characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains from stools samples and food products in Colombia. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 138, 282-286.
Safari, R. and Saeidi Asl, M. (2011). The effect of nisin A and sodium benzoate on behavior of Listeria monosytogenes and some microbial and chemical parameters in silver carp (hypophtalmichtys molitrix) fillet stored at 4 c. Food Hygiene, 1, 1-13.
Vidal, M., Kruger, E., Duran, C., Lagos, R., Levine, M., Prado, V., et al. (2005). Single multiplex PCR assay to identify simultaneously the six categories of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli associated with enteric infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 43, 5362-5365.
Vidal, R., Vidal, M., Lagos, R., Levinv, M. and Prado, V. (2004). Multiplex PCR for diagnosis of enteric infections associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42, 1787-1789.
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Alizadeh, H., Ghanbarpour, R. and Aflatoonian, M.R. (2014). Molecular study on diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from under 5 years old children in southeast of Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 4, S813-S817.
Alizadeh, H., Teshnizi, S. H., Azad, M., Shojaf, S., Gouklani, H., Davoodian, P. and Ghanbarpour, R. 2019. An overview of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 24.
Amezquita-Montes, Z., Tamborski, M., Kopsombut, U. G., Zhang, C., Arzuza, O. S. and Gomez-duarteE, O. G. 2015. Genetic relatedness among Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from food products for human consumption in Cartagena, Colombia. Foodborne pathogens and disease, 12, 454-461.
Aminshahidi, M., Arastehfar, A., Pouladfar, G., Arman, E. and Fani, F. 2017. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Shigella with high rate of extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase production: two predominant etiological agents of acute diarrhea in Shiraz, Iran. Microbial Drug Resistance, 23, 1037-1044.
Amiri, H.S., Ranjbar, R., Sohrabi, N. and Khamesipour, F. (2017). Molecular typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients by REP-PCR. Современные технологии в медицине, 9, 71-75.
Bautista‐de Leon, H., Gomez‐Aldapa, C., Rangel‐Vargas, E., Vazquez‐Barrios, E. and Castro‐rosas, J. (2013). Frequency of indicator bacteria, S almonella and diarrhoeagenic E scherichia coli pathotypes on ready‐to‐eat cooked vegetable salads from M exican restaurants. Letters in applied microbiology, 56, 414-420.
Bouzari, S., Jafari, A. and Zarepoor, M. (2007). Distribution of genes encoding toxins and antibiotic resistance patterns in diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolates in Tehran. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 13 (2), 287-293, 2007.
Brian, M., Frosolono, M., Murrani, B., Miranda, A., Lopez, E., Gomez, H. and Cleary, T. (1992). Polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30, 1801-1806.
Burton, A. K., Balague, F., Cardon, G., Eriksen, H., Henrotin, Y., Lahad, A., Leclerc, A., Muller, G. and Van der beek, A. (2004). European guidelines for prevention in low back pain.
Cnizalez-Roman, A., Gonzalez-Nunez, E., Vidal, J. E., Flores-Vlllasenor, H. and Leno-Sicairos, N. (2013). Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from food items in northwestern Mexico. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 164, 36-45.
Canizalez-Roman, A., Velazquez-Roman, J., Valdez-Flores, M.A., Flores-Villasenor, H., Viadl, J.E., Muro-Aador, S., et al. (2019). Detection of antimicrobial-resistance diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains in surface water used to irrigate food products in the northwest of Mexico. International journal of food microbiology, 304, 1-10.
Castro-Rosas J., Cerna-Cortes, J.F., Mendez-Reyes, E., Lopez-Hernandes, D., Gomer-Aldapa, C.A. and Estrada-Garsia, T. (2012). Presence of faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes in ready-to-eat salads, from an area where crops are irrigated with untreated sewage water. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 156, 176-180.
Cebula, T. A., Payne, W. L. and Feng, P. (1995). Simultaneous identification of strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and their Shiga-like toxin type by mismatch amplification mutation assay-multiplex PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33, 248-250.
Chomvarin, C., Ratchtrachenchai, O., Chntarasuk, Y., Srigulbutr, S., Chaicumpar, K., Namwat, W. and Kotimanusvanij, D. (2005). Characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from food in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 36, 931-939.
Comety, R., Thanabalasuriar, A., Garneau, P., Portt, A., Boeriin, P., Reid-Smith R.J. (2013). Identification of potentially diarrheagenic atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains present in Canadian food animals at slaughter and in retail meats. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 79, 3892-3896.
Eslami, H., Marzban, A., Akramimohajeri, F., Rezaei, Z. and Rafati Fard, M. (2015). Students' knowledge and attitude of hygiene and food safety at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, Iran. Journal of Community Health Research, 4, 159-167.
Fallah, N., Ghaemi, M., Ghazvini, K., Rad, M. and Jamshidi, A. (2021a). Occurrence, pathotypes, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains in animal source food products from public markets in Mashhad, Iran. Food Control, 121, 107640.
Fallah, N., Rad, M., Ghazvini, K., Ghaemi, M. and Jamshidi A. (2021b). Molecular typing and prevalence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase genes in diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from foods and humans in Mashhad, Iran. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 131, 2033-2048.
Guion, C.E., Ochoa, T.J., Walker, C.M., Barlita, F. and Cleary, T.G. (2008). Detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli by use of melting-curve analysis and real-time multiplex PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 46, 1752-1757.
Hoffmann T.C., Glasziou, P.P., Boutron, I., Milne, R., Perera, R., Moher, D.,et al. (2014). Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ,
Mccarthy, S. and Burkhardt III, W. (2012). Efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water against Listeria monocytogenes and Morganella morganii on conveyor belt and raw fish surfaces. Food Control, 24, 214-219.
Morfin-Otero, R., Mendoza-Olazaran, S., Sllva-Sanchez, J., Rodriguez-Noriega, E., Laca-diaz, J., Tinoco-Carrillo, P., et al. (2013). Characterization of Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Mexico, which produces extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Microbial Drug Resistance, 19, 378-383.
Rappelli, P., Maddau, G., Mannu, F., Colombo M., Fori, P. and Cappuccinelli P. (2001). Development of a set of multiplex PCR assays for the simultaneous identification of enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohemorrhagic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. New Microbiologica, 24, 77-83.
Rezaei, Z., Salari, A. and Khnzadi, S. (2021). Biofilm formation and antibacterial properties of Lactobacillus isolated from indigenous dairy products. Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control, 8, 162-168.
Rugelus, L.C., Bai, J., Martinez, A.J., Vanegas, M.C. and Gomez-Duarte, O.G. (2010). Molecular characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains from stools samples and food products in Colombia. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 138, 282-286.
Safari, R. and Saeidi Asl, M. (2011). The effect of nisin A and sodium benzoate on behavior of Listeria monosytogenes and some microbial and chemical parameters in silver carp (hypophtalmichtys molitrix) fillet stored at 4 c. Food Hygiene, 1, 1-13.
Vidal, M., Kruger, E., Duran, C., Lagos, R., Levine, M., Prado, V., et al. (2005). Single multiplex PCR assay to identify simultaneously the six categories of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli associated with enteric infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 43, 5362-5365.
Vidal, R., Vidal, M., Lagos, R., Levinv, M. and Prado, V. (2004). Multiplex PCR for diagnosis of enteric infections associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42, 1787-1789.
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