Designing a smart school pattern in order to improve online education: Grounded theory approach

Subject Areas : Education

Ghaffar Tari ^{1 *} , habibeh khodaei ² , omid ali hoseinzadeh ³

1 - Assistant professor, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran,
2 - Ph.D Student, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
3 - Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran

Received: 2023-06-01 Accepted : 2023-11-12 Published : 2024-08-20

Keywords: Grounded theory, Smart School, online education,

Abstract :

Introduction: In this century, with the spread of information and communication technology. the traditional approach to education, which was often face-to-face, changed to a modern structure based on electronic learning, virtual, offline or online. Also, the learning environment changed from teacher-based to student-based. Smart school and online education is a new educational approach that will bring fundamental changes in the teaching and learning process by combining information technology with curricula. In this approach, the role of the teacher is as a guide and conveyer of knowledge and the role of the student is as an active, creative, critic and participant instead of a passive student and a mere consumer. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to design a smart school model in order to promote online education in the country's education system.
research methodology: This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and Grounded Theory method. The data collection tool in this research is interview. The statistical population of the current research is experts in the field of educational management and information technology specialists of the country with a doctorate degree. The interviewees have a history of online teaching and are familiar with the subject of research. The target sample was continued through non-random purposeful sampling, selection and interviews until the theoretical saturation of data was reached. In this research, 16 experts were interviewed. Then, the main and secondary components of the text of the interviews were identified in three stages of open, central and selective coding.
Findings: interview data were analyzed using MAXQDA 2020 software. Out of 16 experts, 9 were teachers and 7 were university professors. 310 codes were extracted from the group of teachers and 234 codes from the group of university professors, and a total of 544 initial codes were extracted. Then the primary codes were categorized.
Conclusion: After analysis, the initial codes were categorized and according to the obtained results, causal, contextual, , interventional conditions and strategies and consequences of online education promotion were identified. Finally, the paradigm model of smart school was extracted in order to promote online education.