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    Ethical principles of publishing an article

    The ethical principles of publishing an article in the “Islamic Wisdom and Law” Journal are in accordance with the ethics guidelines in publications and are subject to the ethics regulations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). This journal adheres to the executive regulations of the law on preventing and combating plagiarism in scientific works. The journal uses “Hamyab” system of Sharif Processor Company (Sinaweb) to prevent plagiarism. Personal information of the authors of the articles is completely confidential and protected from all individuals who have access to it, including the editor-in-chief, members of the editorial board, and the executive secretary of the journal. Submitting an article by the author/authors is considered as an acknowledgment and observance of the following ethical principles:

    Authors

    1- The article should be the result of the author/authors' research and should be authentic and innovative. The scientific research method should be observed in writing the article, and credible and authentic sources should be used. In this regard, the author/authors are required to complete, sign, and submit the “Author Commitment Form”;

    2- In cases of duplicate and redundant publication, plagiarism, or undisclosed conflicts of interest in the article, action will be taken in accordance with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and, if applicable, the law on preventing and combating plagiarism in scientific works. If plagiarism is confirmed in an article, the author/authors will be blacklisted, and if their article has been published, it will be archived and the phrase “This article is a case of plagiarism” will be added under the author/authors’ name;

    3- Listing the names of the authors is a recognition of their fundamental role in writing the article. Therefore, if the authors of the article did not have a role in writing the article and their names have been misused, they must immediately inform the editor-in-chief via email;

    4- Anyone whose name is listed as an author of an article is responsible for the scientific content of that article;

    5- All those who have played a significant role in writing the article should be named as authors or acknowledged as collaborators;

    6- The responsible author of the article is the person who takes responsibility for communicating with the journal and handling correspondence related to the article on behalf of the authors. The responsible author must ensure that the names and information of all authors are included and that no names other than those of the authors of the article are mentioned. The responsible author must send a copy of the article to all authors and obtain their consent to submit the article to the journal's system;

    7- The authors must refrain from expressing unethical, subjective, personal, racial, or religious views or providing false or fake information and translating from the works of others without citing the source in their article.

    8- The contents of the article taken from other sources must be accompanied by complete and accurate references (according to the guidelines for authors of the journal);

    9- Submitting articles that have been published, accepted, or under review in other domestic or foreign journals to the Islamic Wisdom and Law Journal is strictly prohibited;

    10- Articles taken from theses or dissertations must be submitted to the journal with the coordination of the supervisor;

    11- If the author/authors become aware of any errors in their article at any time, they must inform the editor-in-chief of the journal and take action to correct or retract the article;

    12- The responsibility for the accuracy of the content and sources of the article, as well as the respect for the rights of other authors and researchers, lies with the author/authors of the article;

    13- The authors must respect the confidentiality of the entire evaluation process and not reveal their identity to the reviewers. Therefore, the original file of the article should not contain any information regarding the identity or characteristics of the authors;

    14- The responsibility for reporting potential conflicts of interest and research funding supporters lies with the responsible author. In this regard, the authors are required to complete, sign, and submit the Conflict of Interest Form;

    15- The authors are obligated to enter the complete information of all authors during registration and are not allowed to add a new author's name during subsequent stages, especially when the article is accepted.

    Editor-in-chief:

    1- The editor-in-chief must review the article solely based on its content, without regard to the race, gender, nationality, religious beliefs, or political views of the author/authors;

    2- The editor-in-chief should not disclose any information about the submitted article, the author/authors of the article, or the reviewers of the journal, except to the specialized and executive editors of the journal;

    3- The editor-in-chief cannot use any unpublished material from the submitted articles in his/her own works without the written permission of the author/authors;

    4- It is the responsibility of the editor-in-chief to determine the compatibility of the article with the goals and scope of the journal. If the editor-in-chief determines that the submitted article is outside the goals and scope of the journal, he/she will immediately inform the responsible author;

    Editorial Board:

    1- After the evaluation of the article by the reviewers, the article will be published with the final approval of the editorial board and in accordance with the publication schedule based on the date of approval;

    2- Approval of articles by the editorial board will be based solely on the quality of the content of the article and without regard to the race, nationality, gender, religious beliefs, or political views of the author/authors;

    3- If a member of the editorial board is an author or part of the authors of the article, he/she will not participate in making decisions regarding the article;

    4- In case of non-consensus, the approval of the articles will be based on the absolute majority vote of the members of the editorial board;

    5- Members of the editorial board should not disclose any information about the contents of the article, the author/authors of the article, the reviewers of the article, and the opinions expressed during the editorial board meetings.

    Reviewers:

    1- Reviewers of articles must evaluate the articles for the purpose of improving and enhancing the level of the articles and based on scientific documents and arguments. The shortcomings of the article should be clearly stated, and reviewers should refrain from applying subjective and personal opinions in their article reviews;

    2- The reviewer must report any plagiarism or similarity between the article under review and other published sources to the editor-in-chief;

    3- Reviewers must respect the confidentiality of the evaluation process. All information available in the articles must be considered confidential by the reviewer. Except for those authorized by the editor-in-chief, no one else should be informed of the information in the article;

    4- Research findings and thoughts obtained from the article during the review process must be kept confidential by the reviewer and should not be used for personal gain;

    5- Reviewers should not accept articles that have specific personal or legal interests or personal relationships observed in them for review;

    6- If a reviewer determines that he/she does not have the necessary scientific qualifications for reviewing an article or personal problems such as a lack of time, lack of access to sufficient resources, etc. can prolong the review process excessively, he/she should withdraw from the review of the article;

    7- If a reviewer is requested to evaluate an article that he/she has previously evaluated for another journal, he/she must inform the editor-in-chief of the details of the initial evaluation.

    Unethical behavior and violation of publication ethics:

    The following are examples of violations of publication ethics:

    Fabrication and falsification of data: In data fabrication, the researcher performs the experiment, but does not record the actual results and records false findings. In data falsification, the researcher does not even conduct the experiment, and all the data and findings are fake and false.

    Data manipulation: Data manipulation is similar to data fabrication in that some false results are reported. The difference between data manipulation and data fabrication is that in data manipulation, only part of the false results is reported.

    Simultaneous submission: When an article is submitted simultaneously by the author to two or more journals and is under review.

    Publication overlap: This means that the researcher changes the findings of his/her previous article a little and publishes it as a new article.

    Republication: If the author has submitted an article to one journal and decides to submit that article to another journal, he/she must withdraw in writing from the first journal, which may be possible before the article is accepted for publication in the first journal.

    Equal contribution of all authors: All authors listed in the article must have collaborated in the research.

    Plagiarism: Plagiarism can involve all or part of the work, meaning the author has used all or part of someone else's work without permission and without acknowledging the author, which is called plagiarism.

    The main types of plagiarism are as follows:

     

    Accidental or unintentional plagiarism: In some cases, a researcher or author unintentionally uses the content of a scientific or literary work from a source without proper citation. However, unintentional plagiarism is not an excuse and the person who commits it will be responsible for its consequences.

    Intentional plagiarism: Intentional plagiarism can take various forms.

    Direct plagiarism: If we use the content of a source exactly without referencing it, we have committed direct plagiarism. Of course, if the content is written, it should be placed in quotation marks in addition to proper citation.

    Indirect plagiarism: In this type of plagiarism, the content of one or more sources is combined with different parts of the content being prepared, or with each other. This plagiarism, depending on the person's skill, may be identifiable by sudden changes in the style of the content.

    Reuse of stolen content: This type of plagiarism means using stolen content in different situations and for different purposes. This phenomenon is also called "self-plagiarism". Some of the most common examples of this type of plagiarism include submitting a stolen scientific article to multiple journals for publication or presenting it in different situations, such as conferences or classes.

    Plagiarism resulting from improper rewriting: This type of plagiarism occurs more in writing. If we use the content of a source with minor changes in a few words, synonyms, or changing their order, and with the same structure of the source text, we have committed paraphrasing or rewriting plagiarism.

    Use of content produced by content production institutions: Some content production institutions, such as articles, write scientific content for you instead of you. Using this content, regardless of how it is produced and even with their consent, is plagiarism. Unfortunately, this type of plagiarism is very common in Iran.

    Preventive solutions to plagiarism:

    Today, there are powerful software programs that can give researchers confidence that their text is easily and quickly checked for authenticity and common content problems related to possible and unintentional plagiarism. These software programs can use their strong database, which includes various scientific and technical articles and content, to compare similarities between each article and their database, and determine the level of plagiarism in each article. It does not matter whether you are the author of a work and want to submit an article to domestic and foreign journals or want to verify the accuracy of the first-hand information in an article. In any case, you should be familiar with effective software in this area and be able to use the best ones to identify plagiarism. When you enter an article or content into plagiarism detection software, they begin to compare the content with other articles and content in their database. Any similarity can be a reason for plagiarism in your article. This issue will increase the likelihood of accepting submitted texts for thesis defense or publishing articles in reputable international journals to a very high extent.

     

    The “Islamic Wisdom and Law” journal uses the Hamyab software to detect plagiarism.

    Journal policy in dealing with research misconduct:

    If cases of ethical violations are observed, the editor-in-chief will inform the members of the editorial board and notify the author in writing so that if the author has any comments on the matter, they can provide them.

    If research misconduct is confirmed, the editorial board is obliged to take appropriate action, and the author is not allowed to submit articles to the journal for three years. The responsibility for any violations committed lies with the responsible author of the article. Violating authors cannot collaborate as referees in the journal