Effects of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological blood parameters in inactive young men
Subject Areas : Biochemistry and Sport Nutrition
1 - Police Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Police Commander of Zanjan Province, Deputy for Training and Education of the Police Force of Zanjan Province
Keywords: Resistance training, glutamine supplementation, hematological factors,
Abstract :
Along with resistance training, supplementation with glutamine has become increasingly popular. Glutamine is a major source of energy for rapidly proliferating cells such as blood cells and hematological factors. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological factors in inactive young men. Forty inactive young male students were randomly assigned to four equal groups: control, resistance training, glutamine supplementation, and resistance training with glutamine supplementation based on the study's inclusion criteria and available volunteer samples. Resistance training consisted of 8 movements, 3 sets, 8 to 10 repetitions, starting with an intensity of 60% of one repetition maximum and gradually increasing to 75%. Subjects consumed their supplement 3 days a week (0.1 g/kg of body weight and combined with 300 ml of water). Differences between groups were calculated using one-way ANOVA and dependent t-test to determine within-group differences in SPSS-21 software. The findings showed that resistance training and glutamine supplementation had significant effects on hematological factors. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches, in addition to setting up a resistance training program for athletes, also take glutamine supplements to improve athletic performance and, by increasing some blood factors, improve and strengthen the function of the blood supply system.
[1] lijani, Eidi; Hosseini, Zahra. (2008). Journal of Physical Education, No. 37, pp. 155-170. [2] Armstrong, R.B. (1984). Mechanisms of exercise-induced delayed onset muscular soreness: a brief review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 16:529–538.
[3] Bermon, S., Philip, P., Ferrari, M., Candito, P., Dolisi, C. (2009). Effects of a short-term strength training programmers on lymphocyte subsets at rest in elderly humans. European. J of Appl Physiol. 79:336-340
[4] Bemben MG, Lamont HS. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance. Sports Medicine. 2005;35(2):107-25.
[5] Burgomaster, K.A., Hughes, S.C., Heigenhaus er, G.J.F., Bradwell, S.N., Gibala, M.J. (2005). Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. J Appl Physiol, Vol 98; PP:1985-1990.
[6] Castell, LM. Poortmans, JR. and Newsholme, EA. “Does glutamine have a role in reducing infections in athletes”? Eur J Appl physiol Occup physiol 2007, 73, pp: 488-490.
[7] Dill D, Costill DL. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. Journal of applied physiology. 1974;37(2):247-8.
[8] Florian, B., Melissa, L., Abdelouahed, K., Isabelle, J. (2009). Effect of resistance training on hematological blood markers in older men and women: A Pilot Study. Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research. Article ID 156820, 4 pages.
[9] Glutamine peptide: (June2006). “A New perspective in sports nutrition”. DMV international business unit nutritionals communication. Pg 3.
[10] Guskiewicz KM, Perrin DH (2006) Research and clinical applications of assessing balance. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation; 5(1): 45-63.
[11] Halestrap AP, Meredith D (2004) The SLC16 gene family-from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond. Pflugers Arch; 447(5): 619-628.
[12] Manning JM, Dooly-Manning CR, White K, Kampa I, Silas S, Kesselhaut M, et al. Effects of a resistive training program on lipoprotein-lipid levels in obese women. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1991;23(11):1222-6.
[13] Murray R, Granner D, Mayes P, Rodwell V. Harper’s illustrated biochemistry (LANGE basic science): McGraw-Hill Medical; 2003.
[14] Newsholme, EA. (2012) And Parry billings, M. “Properties of glutamine release from muscle and its importance for the immune system”. J Parenteral Enteral Nutr 1990, 14 suppl, pp: 63S-67S.
[15] Newsholme, EA. And Parry billings, M (2011). “Properties of glutamine release from muscle and its importance for the immune system”. J Parenteral Enteral Nutr 1990, 14 suppl, pp: 63S-67S.
[16] Newsholme, EA. “Biochemical mechanisms to explain immunosuppression in well trained and overtrained athletes”. In: J Sports Med (2014), 15 Suppl, pp: S142-S147.
[17] Nemet D, Mills PJ, Cooper DM. 2004.Effect ofintense wrestling exercise on leucocytes andadhesion molecules in adolescent boys. Br J sportsMed; 38:154-158.
[18] Ogle CK, Ogle JD, Mao J-X, Simon J, Noel JG, Li B-G, et al. Effect of glutamine on phagocytosis and bacterial killing by normal and pediatric burn patient neutrophils. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2016;18(2):128-33.
[19] Rainy co-workers. The effect of combined resistance training on the levels of enzymes in the liver and the characteristics of physical fitness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Scientists of Birjand University of Medical Sciences 21.2 (2014): 188-202
[20] Rohde T, MacLEAN DA, Pedersen BK. Effect of glutamine supplementation on changes in the immune system induced by repeated exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 1998;30(6):856-62.
[21] Rowbottom DG, Keast D, Morton AR. The emerging role of glutamine as an indicator of exercise stress and overtraining. Sports Medicine. 1996;21(2):80-97.
[22] Satin, Henry (2003). Hormones and physical activity. Translated by Abbas Aligaini. Tehran: Publication Office of the Ministry of Education.
[23] Suzuki M, Nakakji SH, Umeda T, Shimoyama T, Mochida N, Kojinae A, Mashiko T, andSugaware K.2003.Effect of weight reduction on neutrophilphagocytic activity and oxidativeburst activity infemale judoists. luminescence; 18:214-217.
[24] Wilmore, Jackach; Castiel, David. (2005), "Physiology of physical activity and physical activity", translated by Dr. Zia Moeini .... Page 100, Mombatkaran Publications (Fourth Edition, Tehran, Volume 1).
[25] Woltring (2006) The effect of eight weeks of resistance training on muscle strength and functional capacity of patients with MS, Sports Medicine. 2006;23(4):45-59.
[6] Zicakee (2013) The effect of resistance training on maximal muscle strength of sitting female volleyball players, Sports Medicine. 2013;17(1)62-78
|
|
|
38 |
|
Accepted: 2025/3/10 (ISSN: 3060 - 6306)
| 2025 (Winter), 2 (4): 36-38 DOI: Research article Journal of Physiology of Training and Sports Injuries (PTSIJournal@gmail.com) https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/eps
|
Effects of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological blood parameters in inactive young men
Naser Babakhani
Police Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Police Commander of Zanjan Province, Deputy for Training and Education of the Police Force of Zanjan Province. Email: babakhaninaser585@gmail.com
Abstract:
Along with resistance training, supplementation with glutamine has become increasingly popular. Glutamine is a major source of energy for rapidly proliferating cells such as blood cells and hematological factors. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological factors in inactive young men. Forty inactive young male students were randomly assigned to four equal groups: control, resistance training, glutamine supplementation, and resistance training with glutamine supplementation based on the study's inclusion criteria and available volunteer samples. Resistance training consisted of 8 movements, 3 sets, 8 to 10 repetitions, starting with an intensity of 60% of one repetition maximum and gradually increasing to 75%. Subjects consumed their supplement 3 days a week (0.1 g/kg of body weight and combined with 300 ml of water). Differences between groups were calculated using one-way ANOVA and dependent t-test to determine within-group differences in SPSS-21 software. The findings showed that resistance training and glutamine supplementation had significant effects on hematological factors. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches, in addition to setting up a resistance training program for athletes, also take glutamine supplements to improve athletic performance and, by increasing some blood factors, improve and strengthen the function of the blood supply system.
Keywords: Resistance training, glutamine supplementation, hematological factors.
How to Cite: Babakhani, N. (2025). Effects of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological blood parameters in inactive young men. Journal of Physiology of Training and Sports Injuries, 2(4):36-38. [Persian].
|
تاریخ پذیرش: 20/12/1403 مقاله پژوهشی
| دورۀ 2 – شماره 4 زمستان 1403 - صص: 36-38
|
اثرات هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی و مکمل گلوتامین بر
برخی شاخصهای هماتولوژی خون در مردان جوان غیرفعال
ناصر باباخانی
فرماندهی انتظامی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، فرمانده انتظامی استان زنجان، معاونت تربیت و آموزش نیروی انتظامی استان زنجان.
آدرس پست الکترونیک: babakhaninaser585@gmail.com
چکیده:
همراه با انجام تمرینات مقاومتی، مصرف مکملهایی نظیر گلوتامین بسیار رواج یافته است. گلوتامین منبع اصلی انرژی برای سلولهای با سرعت تکثیر زیاد نظیر سلولهای خون و فاکتورهای هماتولوژیک است. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثرات اجرای هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی و مصرف مکمل گلوتامین بر برخی فاکتورهای هماتولوژیک در مردان جوان غیرفعال بود. تعداد 40 دانشجوی مرد جوان غیرفعال بر اساس معیارهای ورود به تحقیق و نمونههای داوطلب در دسترس به صورت تصادفی در چهار گروه مساوی کنترل، تمرین مقاومتی، مکمل گلوتامین و تمرین مقاومتی همراه با مکمل گلوتامین جایگزین شدند. تمرین مقاومتی شامل 8 حرکت، 3 ست، 8 تا 10 تکرار، با شدت 60 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه شروع و به صورت فزاینده، به 75 درصد رسید. آزمودنیها مکمل خود را 3 روز در هفته (به ازای هر کیلو گرم از وزن بدن 1/0 گرم و در ترکیب با 300 میلی لیتر آب) مصرف کردند. تفاوت بین گروه ها با استفاده از آزمون آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و تی وابسته برای تعیین تفاوت های درون گروهی در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 محاسبه شد. یافته ها نشان داد که اجرای تمرین مقاومتی و مصرف مکمل گلوتامین اثرات معنی داری را در فاکتورهای هماتولوژیک ایجاد میکند. لذا پیشنهاد میشود که در کنار تنظیم برنامه تمرین مقاومتی برای ورزشکاران، از مکمل گلوتامین نیز بهره ببرند تا ضمن پیشرفت عملکرد ورزشی، با افزایش برخی فاکتورهای خونی منجر به بهبود و تقویت عملکرد سیستم خون رسانی گردد.
واژگان کلیدی: تمرین مقاومتی، مکمل گلوتامین، فاکتورهای هماتولوژیک.
شیوه استناددهی: باباخانی، ناصر. اثرات هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی و مکمل گلوتامین بر برخی شاخصهای هماتولوژی خون در مردان جوان غیرفعال. فصلنامه فیزیولوژی تمرین و آسیبهای ورزشی، زمستان 1403، 2(4)؛ 36-38.
منابع
[1] lijani, Eidi; Hosseini, Zahra. (2008). Journal of Physical Education, No. 37, pp. 155-170. [2] Armstrong, R.B. (1984). Mechanisms of exercise-induced delayed onset muscular soreness: a brief review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 16:529–538.
[3] Bermon, S., Philip, P., Ferrari, M., Candito, P., Dolisi, C. (2009). Effects of a short-term strength training programmers on lymphocyte subsets at rest in elderly humans. European. J of Appl Physiol. 79:336-340
[4] Bemben MG, Lamont HS. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance. Sports Medicine. 2005;35(2):107-25.
[5] Burgomaster, K.A., Hughes, S.C., Heigenhaus er, G.J.F., Bradwell, S.N., Gibala, M.J. (2005). Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. J Appl Physiol, Vol 98; PP:1985-1990.
[6] Castell, LM. Poortmans, JR. and Newsholme, EA. “Does glutamine have a role in reducing infections in athletes”? Eur J Appl physiol Occup physiol 2007, 73, pp: 488-490.
[7] Dill D, Costill DL. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. Journal of applied physiology. 1974;37(2):247-8.
[8] Florian, B., Melissa, L., Abdelouahed, K., Isabelle, J. (2009). Effect of resistance training on hematological blood markers in older men and women: A Pilot Study. Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research. Article ID 156820, 4 pages.
[9] Glutamine peptide: (June2006). “A New perspective in sports nutrition”. DMV international business unit nutritionals communication. Pg 3.
[10] Guskiewicz KM, Perrin DH (2006) Research and clinical applications of assessing balance. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation; 5(1): 45-63.
[11] Halestrap AP, Meredith D (2004) The SLC16 gene family-from monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to aromatic amino acid transporters and beyond. Pflugers Arch; 447(5): 619-628.
[12] Manning JM, Dooly-Manning CR, White K, Kampa I, Silas S, Kesselhaut M, et al. Effects of a resistive training program on lipoprotein-lipid levels in obese women. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1991;23(11):1222-6.
[13] Murray R, Granner D, Mayes P, Rodwell V. Harper’s illustrated biochemistry (LANGE basic science): McGraw-Hill Medical; 2003.
[14] Newsholme, EA. (2012) And Parry billings, M. “Properties of glutamine release from muscle and its importance for the immune system”. J Parenteral Enteral Nutr 1990, 14 suppl, pp: 63S-67S.
[15] Newsholme, EA. And Parry billings, M (2011). “Properties of glutamine release from muscle and its importance for the immune system”. J Parenteral Enteral Nutr 1990, 14 suppl, pp: 63S-67S.
[16] Newsholme, EA. “Biochemical mechanisms to explain immunosuppression in well trained and overtrained athletes”. In: J Sports Med (2014), 15 Suppl, pp: S142-S147.
[17] Nemet D, Mills PJ, Cooper DM. 2004.Effect ofintense wrestling exercise on leucocytes andadhesion molecules in adolescent boys. Br J sportsMed; 38:154-158.
[18] Ogle CK, Ogle JD, Mao J-X, Simon J, Noel JG, Li B-G, et al. Effect of glutamine on phagocytosis and bacterial killing by normal and pediatric burn patient neutrophils. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2016;18(2):128-33.
[19] Rainy co-workers. The effect of combined resistance training on the levels of enzymes in the liver and the characteristics of physical fitness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Scientists of Birjand University of Medical Sciences 21.2 (2014): 188-202
[20] Rohde T, MacLEAN DA, Pedersen BK. Effect of glutamine supplementation on changes in the immune system induced by repeated exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 1998;30(6):856-62.
[21] Rowbottom DG, Keast D, Morton AR. The emerging role of glutamine as an indicator of exercise stress and overtraining. Sports Medicine. 1996;21(2):80-97.
[22] Satin, Henry (2003). Hormones and physical activity. Translated by Abbas Aligaini. Tehran: Publication Office of the Ministry of Education.
[23] Suzuki M, Nakakji SH, Umeda T, Shimoyama T, Mochida N, Kojinae A, Mashiko T, andSugaware K.2003.Effect of weight reduction on neutrophilphagocytic activity and oxidativeburst activity infemale judoists. luminescence; 18:214-217.
[24] Wilmore, Jackach; Castiel, David. (2005), "Physiology of physical activity and physical activity", translated by Dr. Zia Moeini .... Page 100, Mombatkaran Publications (Fourth Edition, Tehran, Volume 1).
[25] Woltring (2006) The effect of eight weeks of resistance training on muscle strength and functional capacity of patients with MS, Sports Medicine. 2006;23(4):45-59.
[6] Zicakee (2013) The effect of resistance training on maximal muscle strength of sitting female volleyball players, Sports Medicine. 2013;17(1)62-78
