Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of arial parts of Lippia citriodora H.B.K from Khuzestan at two phases: before and after blooming

Subject Areas : Phytochemistry

Zahra  Zare ¹ (professor assistant, Department of Biology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.)

Received: 2017-11-10 Accepted : 2018-11-11 Published : 2018-11-22

Keywords: Geraniol, Lippia citriodora H.B.K, Davanone, Essential oil, Antimicrobial Activity,

Abstract :

Lippia citriodora H.B.K. is belongs to Verbenaceae family, which has imported to Iran for food and drug consumptions, and today it is cultivating in different parts of the country. In this study the essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Lippia citriodora methanolic extracts have been studied before and after blooming. The arial parts of the plant before and after blooming were collected from the field in Khuzestan in June 2011. And were dried in laboratory conditions. The Essential oils were isolated by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by using (GC) and (GC - MS). The methanolic extracts were obtained by percolation method. and the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts was measured by disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration against four Gram- positive bacteria, four gram- negative bacteria and two fungi. The main essential oil compounds of arial parts of the plant before blooming were Geraniol (35/78%) and Zingiberene (19/9%) and the main essential oil compounds of arial parts after blooming were Davanone (36/4%) and p-Cymene (16/5%). Both extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity. The antifungal activity of the extracts was more than antibacterial activity. Gram- positive bacteria was more sensitive than Gram- negative bacteria. In addition, while concentrations of the extracts were increasing, the antimicrobial activities were increased in all microorganisms. There was no significant difference between amount of antimicrobial activity of extracts before and after blooming.