In modern literature, polyphony is a sort of recital which involves a variety of voices and standpoints. This plurality of independent voices was introduced by the Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin. This study sought to look into how the notion of polyphony based on the character(s)' voices in Faulkner‟s novel entitled The Sound and the Fury are transmitted to the target reader This novel plus the two Per- sian translations were thus selected. Accordingly, the character(s)' voices and dialogues in the English novel and its Persian translations were used to identify the substantial divergences in the priorities of the two sides (i.e., the author‟s aims and the translated texts). Considering the topic, the theoretical framework of the study fell into two parts: the Bakhtinian reading of polyphony and hermeneutics. To do so, the grammatical interpretation through Schleiermacher's views as the hermeneutical method was selected. Having applied the grammatical interpretation, the researchers were able to analyze the data thoroughly. An analysis of the original text and the two Persian translations revealed that the translation of the character(s)' voices or events was the most frequent strategy applied in one of the translated texts, whereas in the second translation, the concept of Bakhtinian reading of polyphony was not precisely preserved. Manuscript profile

In this two-stage empirical research, the authors attempted to study the impact of promoting translation sub-competences defined by PACTE's Multi-Componential Model for Translation Competence on the promotion of total translation competence as the first stage. The experiment for this purpose was conducted on a group of Iranian undergraduate students comprising of their exposure to a targeted syllabus for one semester. A pre-test and post-test of the experiment assessed their level and progress regarding translation competence, using Orozco's measuring instruments and Farahzad and Famil Khalili's TQA scale. The first stage also investigated whether Orozco’s model could assess sub-competences separately. The second stage investigated whether translation sub-competences played equal roles within the translation competence, in order to establish a ranking of influence among them. Thus, the study contrasted the instrumental results of the tests to the total scores through the TQA scale and calculated the correlation between them. The analyses revealed that the growth in each translation sub-competence promoted the total translation competence. However, the study found Orozco’s model unable to assess translation sub-competences separately. Finally, the study found that Orozco's measuring instruments and Farahzad and Famil Khalili's TQA scale employed for this experiment were unable to collect sufficient evidential data as to measure the separate role or influence of each sub-competence in the construction of total translation competence. Manuscript profile