Evaluating the effects of mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of winter chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under conditions of supplemental irrigation

Subject Areas : Agriculture and plant breeding

Mohammad Mirzaei Heydari ¹ , Kobra Mishkhaszadeh ²

1 - Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Isfahan (Khorasgan) banch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran

Received: 2022-01-30 Accepted : 2022-05-06 Published : 2023-09-23

Keywords: nitrogen, phosphorus, Biological yield, number of pods per plant, Rainfed conditions,

Abstract :

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungus on the growth and yield of autumn chickpeas under supplementary irrigation conditions, an experiment was conducted as a split plot in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications in the 2016 crop year in Ilam. Experimental treatments include supplementary irrigation with three levels of control or rainfed, once irrigation (flowering time), twice irrigation (flowering time and ten days after flowering) in main plots and fertilizer with four levels of control, mycorrhiza, chemical fertilizer (nitrogen and phosphorus) And mycorrhiza with chemical fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphorus) were considered in subplots. The results showed that the effect of fertilizer interaction and supplementary irrigation on pod number per plant, grain yield, biological yield, shoot and root nitrogen was significant. The average grain yield in mycorrhiza fertilizer treatment and double irrigation compared to chemical fertilizer treatment (nitrogen and phosphorus) and rainfed conditions showed an increase of about 59%. In general, the results showed that double supplementary irrigation with the use of chemical fertilizers and mycorrhiza increases the reproductive growth of the plant. This increase is due to increased photosynthesis and consequently more photosynthetic material, which increases the yield components and improves the yield of chickpeas, so the use of this management method to achieve optimal production is recommended.

References:

Abhari, A., and Gholinezhad, E. (2019). Effect of humic acid on grain yield and yield components in chickpea under different irrigation levels. Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding. 9(2): 19-29.

Auge, R.M., Toler, H.D., and Saxton, A.M. (2015). Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis alters stomatal conductance of host plants more under drought than under amply watered conditions: a meta-analysis. Mycorrhiza. 25(1): 13-24.

Azcon, R., Ambrosano, E., and Charest, C. (2003). Nutrient acquisition in mycorrhizal lettuce plants under different phosphorus and nitrogen concentration. Plant Science. 165: 1137-1145.

Bolan N.S. (1991). A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant and Soil. 134:189-207.

Chandrasekar, B.R., Ambrose, G., and Jayabalan, N. (2005). Influence of biofertilizers And phosphor source level on the growth and yield of Echinochlo frumentacea. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 1(2): 223- 234.

Farooq, M., Gogoi, N., Barthakur, S., Baroowa, B., Bharadwaj, N., Alghamdi, S.S., and Siddique, K.H.M. (2016). Drought stress in grain legumes during reproduction and grain filling. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science.‏ 2: 81–102.

Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., and Basra, S.M.A. (2009). Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. In Sustainable agriculture (pp. 153-188). Springer Netherlands.‏

Fathi, A., Farnia, A., and Maleki, A. (2013). Effects of nitrogen and phosphate biofertilizers on yield and yield components of corn AS71 in Dareh-shahr climate. Journal of Tabriz ecophysiology of crops. 7(25): 105-114. (In persian with English abstract).

Hadou, H., Kadidia, S., Fanta, B., and Barkissa, F. (2016). Effect of native arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi inocula on the growth of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] in three differents agro ecological zones in Burkina Faso. Journal of Applied Biosciences. 108: 10553-10560.

Heidari, M., and Karami, V. (2014). Effects of different mycorrhiza species on grain yield, nutrient uptake and oil content of sunflower under water stress. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 13(1): 9-13.

James, B., Rodel, D., Lorettu, U., Reynaldo, E., and Tariq, H. (2008). Effect of vesicular arboscular mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi inoculation on coppicing ability and drought resistance of Senna Spectabilis. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 40(5): 2217-2224.

Karami Chame, S., Khalil-Tahmasbi, B., ShahMahmoodi, P., Abdollahi, A., Fathi, A., Seyed Mousavi, S.J., and Bahamin, S. (2016). Effects of salinity stress, salicylic acid and Pseudomonas on the physiological characteristics and yield of seed beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Scientia Agriculturae. 14(2): 234-238.‏