Effects of selenium nanoparticles and sodium selenite on expression of adiponectin gene in placenta of pregnant ewes.
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
Pedram
Moayeri
1
(Shahrekord UnivePh.D. Graduate of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran.rsity)
Gholam ali
Kojouri
2
(Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran.)
Afshin
Jafari dehkordi
3
(Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran.)
Ali mohammad
Ahadi
4
(Assistant Professor, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran.)
Mahsa
Abolfazlzadeh
5
(Graduate of Nursing, Astara Branch, Islamic Azad University, Astara, Iran.)
Received: 2018-02-15
Accepted : 2019-07-30
Published : 2019-11-22
Keywords:
Sheep,
placenta,
Sodium selenite,
Adiponectin,
selenium nanoparticles,
Abstract :
In recent years, special attention has been paid to insulin resistance mediators, such as adiponectin, that is produced and expressed during conception in placental tissue, thereby inducing its effects on the growing embryo and the health of the mother.In this study, the effect of selenium nanoparticles and sodium selenite on transcription of placental adiponectin gene was investigated for the first time during the transitional period. For this purpose, 20 pregnant ewes were selected randomly. During the 10 days leading up to birth, oral administration of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) with dosages of 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg B.W. and sodium selenite with dosage of 0.1 mg/kg B.W. was performed. At the same time, the control group received equal volume of distilled water. At parturition, placental samples were collected and the transcription rate of adiponectin gene was determined by using RT-PCR based on a comparison assay of 2-ΔΔCt.The results showed that selenium supplementation in pregnant ewes leads to a significant reduction in adiponectin gene transcription rate and the suppressive role of selenium nanoparticles was significantly superior to sodium selenite.
References:
Bansal, N., Charlton-Menys, V., Pemberton, P., Mcelduff, P., Oldroyd, J., Vyas, A., et al. (2006). Adiponectin in umbilical cord blood is inversely related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not ethnicity. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 91(6): 2244-2249.
Barb, D., Williams, C.J., Neuwirth, A.K. and Mantzoros, C.S. (2007). Adiponectin in relation to malignancies: a review of existing basic research and clinical evidence. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86(3): 858S-866S.
Cnop, M., Havel, P., Utzschneider, K., Carr, D., Sinha, M., Boyko, E., et al. (2003). Relationship of adiponectin to body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and plasma lipoproteins: evidence for independent roles of age and sex. Diabetologia, 46(4): 459-469.
Collier, R.J. and Collier, J. (2011). Environmental physiology of livestock. USA: Iowa, John Wiley and Sons, pp: 81-181.
Dorounaki, M., Rostami, B., Harkinezhad, T. and Shahir, M.H. (2017). Gene expression of adiponectin and its receptor2 (AdipoR2) in reproductive tract of growing prepubertal Afshari male lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 8(4): 667-676.
Economides, S. (1986). Nutrition and management of sheep and goats. Small Ruminant Production In The Developing Countries, 86: 61-73.
Ehrhardt, R.A. and Bell, A.W. (1997). Developmental increases in glucose transporter concentration in the sheep placenta. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 273(3): R1132-R1141.
Fasshauer, M., Klein, J., Neumann, S., Eszlinger, M. and Paschke, R. (2002). Hormonal regulation of adiponectin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 290(3): 1084-1089.
Fasshauer, M., Kralisch, S., Klier, M., Lossner, U., Bluher, M., Klein, J., et al. (2003). Adiponectin gene expression and secretion is inhibited by interleukin-6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 301(4): 1045-1050.
Fruebis, J., Tsao, T.S., Javorschi, S., Ebbets-Reed, D., Erickson, M.R.S., Yen, F.T., et al. (2001). Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(4): 2005-2010.
Gan, L., Liu, Q., Xu, H.-B., Zhu, Y.S. and Yang, X.L. (2002). Effects of selenium overexposure on glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase gene expressions and activities. Biological Trace Element Research, 89(2): 165-175.
Halleux, C. M., Takahashi, M., Delporte, M.L., Detry, R., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y., et al. (2001). Secretion of adiponectin and regulation of apM1 gene expression in human visceral adipose tissue. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 288(5): 1102-1107.
Hanley, A.J., Bowden, D., Wagenknecht, L.E., Balasubramanyam, A., Langfeld, C., Saad, M.F., et al. (2007). Associations of adiponectin with body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic Hispanics and African-Americans. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 92(7): 2665-2671.
Hu, E., Liang, P. and Spiegelman, B.M. (1996). AdipoQ is a novel adipose-specific gene dysregulated in obesity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271(18): 10697-10703.
Iwaki, M., Matsuda, M., Maeda, N., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y., Makishima, M., et al. (2003). Induction of adiponectin, a fat-derived antidiabetic and antiatherogenic factor, by nuclear receptors. Diabetes, 52(7): 1655-1663.
Izadi, V. and Azadbakht, L. (2013). Association between cancer and serum adiponectin level: The review of epidemiologic evidences. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 15(5): 97-110. [In Persian]
Jablonska, E., Reszka, E., Gromadzinska, J., Wieczorek, E., Krol, M.B., Raimondi, S., et al. (2016). The effect of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis and the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism. Nutrients, 8(12): 772-780.
Jardé, T., Caldefie-Chézet, F., Goncalves-Mendes, N., Mishellany, F., Buechler, C., Penault-Llorca, F., et al. (2009). Involvement of adiponectin and leptin in breast cancer: clinical and in vitro studies. Endocrine-Related Cancer, 16(4): 1197-1210.
Kadowaki, T. and Yamauchi, T. (2005). Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocrine Reviews, 26(3): 439-451.
Kaklamani, V. G., Sadim, M., Hsi, A., Offit, K., Oddoux, C., Ostrer, H., et al. (2008). Variants of the adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 genes and breast cancer risk. Cancer Research, 68(9): 3178-3184.
Kelesidis, I., Kelesidis, T. and Mantzoros, C. (2006). Adiponectin and cancer: a systematic review. British Journal of Cancer, 94(9): 1221-1225.
Kharroubi, I., Rasschaert, J., Eizirik, D.L. and Cnop, M. (2003). Expression of adiponectin receptors in pancreatic β cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 312(4): 1118-1122.
Kissebah, A.H., Sonnenberg, G.E., Myklebust, J., Goldstein, M., Broman, K., James, R.G., et al. (2000). Quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 3 and 17 influence phenotypes of the metabolic syndrome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(26): 14478-14483.
Kojouri, G. and Shirazi, A. (2007). Serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo and Co in newborn lambs following systemic administration of Vitamin E and selenium to the pregnant ewes. Small Ruminant Research, 70(2): 136-139.
Kojouri, G.A., Sadeghian, S., Mohebbi, A. and Dezfouli, M.R.M. (2012). The effects of oral consumption of selenium nanoparticles on chemotactic and respiratory burst activities of neutrophils in comparison with sodium selenite in sheep. Biological Trace Element Research, 146(2): 160-166.
Kubota, N., Yano, W., Kubota, T., Yamauchi, T., Itoh, S., Kumagai, H., et al. (2007). Adiponectin stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake. Cell Metabolism, 6(1): 55-68.
Lappas, M., Yee, K., Permezel, M. and Rice, G.E. (2005). Release and regulation of leptin, resistin and adiponectin from human placenta, fetal membranes, and maternal adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from normal and gestational diabetes mellitus-complicated pregnancies. Journal of Endocrinology, 186(3): 457-465.
Lashgari, A., Rustami, B. and Shahir, M.H.E. (2013). valuation of changes in adiponectin gene expression at different stages of pregnancy in Afshari ewe breeding system In Proceedings of First National Agricultural and Sustainable Natural Resources Conference, https://www.civilica.com/Paper-NACONF01-NACONF01_0996.html [In Persian]
Liu, Y.M., Lacorte, J.M., Viguerie, N., Poitou, C., Pelloux, V.R., Guy-Grand, B., et al. (2003). Adiponectin gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women in response to short-term very low calorie diet and refeeding. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88(12): 5881-5886.
Lu, M., Tang, Q., Olefsky, J.M., Mellon, P.L. and Webster, N.J. (2008). Adiponectin activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and decreases luteinizing hormone secretion in LβT2 gonadotropes. Molecular Endocrinology, 22(3): 760-771.
Maeda, K., Okubo, K., Shimomura, I., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y. and Matsubara, K. (1996). cDNA cloning and expression of a novel adipose specific collagen-like factor, apM1 (AdiPoseMost abundant Gene transcript 1). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 221(2): 286-289.
Matsuda, M., Shimomura, I., Sata, M., Arita, Y., Nishida, M., Maeda, N., et al. (2002). Role of adiponectin in preventing vascular stenosis the missing link of adipo-vascular axis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(40): 37487-37491.
Misu, H., Ishikura, K., Kurita, S., Takeshita, Y., Ota, T., Saito, Y., et al. (2012). Inverse correlation between serum levels of selenoprotein P and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes. PloS One, 7(4): e34952.
Mitchell, M., Armstrong, D., Robker, R. and Norman, R. (2005). Adipokines: implications for female fertility and obesity. Reproduction, 130(5): 583-597.
Mohammadi, G., Saeb, S. and Arazzadeh, M. (2011). Effect of type 1 diabetes on the expression of adiponectin receptor gene in pancreas in male rats. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid, 10(6): 601-607. [In Persian]
Mohammadzadeh, G., Zarghami Bahrami, E. and Larijani, B. (2007). Serum levels of adiponectin in diabetic and non-diabetic obese individuals. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid, 7(2): 177-187. [In Persian]
Nakano, Y., Tobe, T., Choi-Miura, N.H., Mazda, T. and Tomita, M. (1996). Isolation and characterization of GBP28, a novel gelatin-binding protein purified from human plasma. The Journal of Biochemistry, 120(4): 803-812.
Ranheim, T., Haugen, F., Staff, A.C., Braekke, K., Harsem, N.K. and Drevon, C.A. (2004). Adiponectin is reduced in gestational diabetes mellitus in normal weight women. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 83(4): 341-347.
Rayman, M.P. (2000). The importance of selenium to human health. The Lancet, 356(9225): 233-241.
Ren, X.M., Wang, G.G., Xu, D.Q., Luo, K., Liu, Y.X., Zhong, Y.H., et al. (2012). The protection of selenium on cadmium-induced inhibition of spermatogenesis via activating testosterone synthesis in mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(10): 3521-3529.
Rodriguez-Pacheco, F., Martinez-Fuentes, A.J., Tovar, S., Pinilla, L., Tena-Sempere, M., Dieguez, C., et al. (2007). Regulation of pituitary cell function by adiponectin. Endocrinology, 148(1): 401-410.
Saxena, A., Fayad, R., Kaur, K., Truman, S., Greer, J., Carson, J.A., et al. (2017). Dietary selenium protects adiponectin knockout mice against chronic inflammation induced colon cancer. Cancer Biology and Therapy, 18(4): 257-267.
Scherer, P.E., Williams, S., Fogliano, M., Baldini, G. and Lodish, H.F. (1995). A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270(45): 26746-26749.
Shahar, S., Salleh, R.M., Ghazali, A.R., Koon, P.B. and Mohamud, W. (2010). Roles of adiposity, lifetime physical activity and serum adiponectin in occurrence of breast cancer among Malaysian women in Klang Valley. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 11(1): 61-66.
Tabandeh, M.R., Hosseini, A., Saeb, M., Kaf, M. and Kabiri, N. (2015). Gene expression of adiponectin and its receptors in hypothalamus and pituitary of Holstein cattle during the estrous cycle. Journal of Veterinary Research, 70(4): 377-386. [In Persian]
Torres-Acosta, J., Sandoval-Castro, C., Hoste, H., Aguilar-Caballero, A., Cámara-Sarmiento, R. and Alonso-Díaz, M. (2012). Nutritional manipulation of sheep and goats for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes under hot humid and subhumid tropical conditions. Small Ruminant Research, 103(1): 28-40.
Trusolino, L., Bertotti, A. and Comoglio, P.M. (2010). MET signalling: principles and functions in development, organ regeneration and cancer. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 11(12): 834-848.
Vionnet, N., Dupont, S., Gallina, S., Francke, S., Dotte, S., De Matos, F., et al. (2000). Genomewide search for type 2 diabetes–susceptibility genes in French Whites: evidence for a novel susceptibility locus for early-onset diabetes on chromosome 3q27-qter and independent replication of a type 2–diabetes locus on chromosome 1q21–q24. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 67(6): 1470-1480.
Williams, M.A., Qiu, C., Muy-Rivera, M., Vadachkoria, S., Song, T. and Luthy, D.A. (2004). Plasma adiponectin concentrations in early pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 89(5): 2306-2311.
Xu, A., Chan, K.W., Hoo, R.L., Wang, Y., Tan, K.C., Zhang, J., et al. (2005). Testosterone selectively reduces the high molecular weight form of adiponectin by inhibiting its secretion from adipocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(18): 18073-18080.
Zhang, J., Wang, H., Bao, Y. and Zhang, L. (2004). Nano red elemental selenium has no size effect in the induction of seleno-enzymes in both cultured cells and mice. Life Sciences, 75(2): 237-244.
Zhang, J., Wang, H., Yan, X. and Zhang, L. (2005). Comparison of short-term toxicity between Nano-Se and selenite in mice. Life Sciences, 76(10): 1099-1109.
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Bansal, N., Charlton-Menys, V., Pemberton, P., Mcelduff, P., Oldroyd, J., Vyas, A., et al. (2006). Adiponectin in umbilical cord blood is inversely related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not ethnicity. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 91(6): 2244-2249.
Barb, D., Williams, C.J., Neuwirth, A.K. and Mantzoros, C.S. (2007). Adiponectin in relation to malignancies: a review of existing basic research and clinical evidence. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86(3): 858S-866S.
Cnop, M., Havel, P., Utzschneider, K., Carr, D., Sinha, M., Boyko, E., et al. (2003). Relationship of adiponectin to body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and plasma lipoproteins: evidence for independent roles of age and sex. Diabetologia, 46(4): 459-469.
Collier, R.J. and Collier, J. (2011). Environmental physiology of livestock. USA: Iowa, John Wiley and Sons, pp: 81-181.
Dorounaki, M., Rostami, B., Harkinezhad, T. and Shahir, M.H. (2017). Gene expression of adiponectin and its receptor2 (AdipoR2) in reproductive tract of growing prepubertal Afshari male lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 8(4): 667-676.
Economides, S. (1986). Nutrition and management of sheep and goats. Small Ruminant Production In The Developing Countries, 86: 61-73.
Ehrhardt, R.A. and Bell, A.W. (1997). Developmental increases in glucose transporter concentration in the sheep placenta. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 273(3): R1132-R1141.
Fasshauer, M., Klein, J., Neumann, S., Eszlinger, M. and Paschke, R. (2002). Hormonal regulation of adiponectin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 290(3): 1084-1089.
Fasshauer, M., Kralisch, S., Klier, M., Lossner, U., Bluher, M., Klein, J., et al. (2003). Adiponectin gene expression and secretion is inhibited by interleukin-6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 301(4): 1045-1050.
Fruebis, J., Tsao, T.S., Javorschi, S., Ebbets-Reed, D., Erickson, M.R.S., Yen, F.T., et al. (2001). Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(4): 2005-2010.
Gan, L., Liu, Q., Xu, H.-B., Zhu, Y.S. and Yang, X.L. (2002). Effects of selenium overexposure on glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase gene expressions and activities. Biological Trace Element Research, 89(2): 165-175.
Halleux, C. M., Takahashi, M., Delporte, M.L., Detry, R., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y., et al. (2001). Secretion of adiponectin and regulation of apM1 gene expression in human visceral adipose tissue. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 288(5): 1102-1107.
Hanley, A.J., Bowden, D., Wagenknecht, L.E., Balasubramanyam, A., Langfeld, C., Saad, M.F., et al. (2007). Associations of adiponectin with body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic Hispanics and African-Americans. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 92(7): 2665-2671.
Hu, E., Liang, P. and Spiegelman, B.M. (1996). AdipoQ is a novel adipose-specific gene dysregulated in obesity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271(18): 10697-10703.
Iwaki, M., Matsuda, M., Maeda, N., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y., Makishima, M., et al. (2003). Induction of adiponectin, a fat-derived antidiabetic and antiatherogenic factor, by nuclear receptors. Diabetes, 52(7): 1655-1663.
Izadi, V. and Azadbakht, L. (2013). Association between cancer and serum adiponectin level: The review of epidemiologic evidences. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 15(5): 97-110. [In Persian]
Jablonska, E., Reszka, E., Gromadzinska, J., Wieczorek, E., Krol, M.B., Raimondi, S., et al. (2016). The effect of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis and the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism. Nutrients, 8(12): 772-780.
Jardé, T., Caldefie-Chézet, F., Goncalves-Mendes, N., Mishellany, F., Buechler, C., Penault-Llorca, F., et al. (2009). Involvement of adiponectin and leptin in breast cancer: clinical and in vitro studies. Endocrine-Related Cancer, 16(4): 1197-1210.
Kadowaki, T. and Yamauchi, T. (2005). Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocrine Reviews, 26(3): 439-451.
Kaklamani, V. G., Sadim, M., Hsi, A., Offit, K., Oddoux, C., Ostrer, H., et al. (2008). Variants of the adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 genes and breast cancer risk. Cancer Research, 68(9): 3178-3184.
Kelesidis, I., Kelesidis, T. and Mantzoros, C. (2006). Adiponectin and cancer: a systematic review. British Journal of Cancer, 94(9): 1221-1225.
Kharroubi, I., Rasschaert, J., Eizirik, D.L. and Cnop, M. (2003). Expression of adiponectin receptors in pancreatic β cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 312(4): 1118-1122.
Kissebah, A.H., Sonnenberg, G.E., Myklebust, J., Goldstein, M., Broman, K., James, R.G., et al. (2000). Quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 3 and 17 influence phenotypes of the metabolic syndrome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(26): 14478-14483.
Kojouri, G. and Shirazi, A. (2007). Serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo and Co in newborn lambs following systemic administration of Vitamin E and selenium to the pregnant ewes. Small Ruminant Research, 70(2): 136-139.
Kojouri, G.A., Sadeghian, S., Mohebbi, A. and Dezfouli, M.R.M. (2012). The effects of oral consumption of selenium nanoparticles on chemotactic and respiratory burst activities of neutrophils in comparison with sodium selenite in sheep. Biological Trace Element Research, 146(2): 160-166.
Kubota, N., Yano, W., Kubota, T., Yamauchi, T., Itoh, S., Kumagai, H., et al. (2007). Adiponectin stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake. Cell Metabolism, 6(1): 55-68.
Lappas, M., Yee, K., Permezel, M. and Rice, G.E. (2005). Release and regulation of leptin, resistin and adiponectin from human placenta, fetal membranes, and maternal adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from normal and gestational diabetes mellitus-complicated pregnancies. Journal of Endocrinology, 186(3): 457-465.
Lashgari, A., Rustami, B. and Shahir, M.H.E. (2013). valuation of changes in adiponectin gene expression at different stages of pregnancy in Afshari ewe breeding system In Proceedings of First National Agricultural and Sustainable Natural Resources Conference, https://www.civilica.com/Paper-NACONF01-NACONF01_0996.html [In Persian]
Liu, Y.M., Lacorte, J.M., Viguerie, N., Poitou, C., Pelloux, V.R., Guy-Grand, B., et al. (2003). Adiponectin gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women in response to short-term very low calorie diet and refeeding. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88(12): 5881-5886.
Lu, M., Tang, Q., Olefsky, J.M., Mellon, P.L. and Webster, N.J. (2008). Adiponectin activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and decreases luteinizing hormone secretion in LβT2 gonadotropes. Molecular Endocrinology, 22(3): 760-771.
Maeda, K., Okubo, K., Shimomura, I., Funahashi, T., Matsuzawa, Y. and Matsubara, K. (1996). cDNA cloning and expression of a novel adipose specific collagen-like factor, apM1 (AdiPoseMost abundant Gene transcript 1). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 221(2): 286-289.
Matsuda, M., Shimomura, I., Sata, M., Arita, Y., Nishida, M., Maeda, N., et al. (2002). Role of adiponectin in preventing vascular stenosis the missing link of adipo-vascular axis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(40): 37487-37491.
Misu, H., Ishikura, K., Kurita, S., Takeshita, Y., Ota, T., Saito, Y., et al. (2012). Inverse correlation between serum levels of selenoprotein P and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes. PloS One, 7(4): e34952.
Mitchell, M., Armstrong, D., Robker, R. and Norman, R. (2005). Adipokines: implications for female fertility and obesity. Reproduction, 130(5): 583-597.
Mohammadi, G., Saeb, S. and Arazzadeh, M. (2011). Effect of type 1 diabetes on the expression of adiponectin receptor gene in pancreas in male rats. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid, 10(6): 601-607. [In Persian]
Mohammadzadeh, G., Zarghami Bahrami, E. and Larijani, B. (2007). Serum levels of adiponectin in diabetic and non-diabetic obese individuals. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid, 7(2): 177-187. [In Persian]
Nakano, Y., Tobe, T., Choi-Miura, N.H., Mazda, T. and Tomita, M. (1996). Isolation and characterization of GBP28, a novel gelatin-binding protein purified from human plasma. The Journal of Biochemistry, 120(4): 803-812.
Ranheim, T., Haugen, F., Staff, A.C., Braekke, K., Harsem, N.K. and Drevon, C.A. (2004). Adiponectin is reduced in gestational diabetes mellitus in normal weight women. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 83(4): 341-347.
Rayman, M.P. (2000). The importance of selenium to human health. The Lancet, 356(9225): 233-241.
Ren, X.M., Wang, G.G., Xu, D.Q., Luo, K., Liu, Y.X., Zhong, Y.H., et al. (2012). The protection of selenium on cadmium-induced inhibition of spermatogenesis via activating testosterone synthesis in mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(10): 3521-3529.
Rodriguez-Pacheco, F., Martinez-Fuentes, A.J., Tovar, S., Pinilla, L., Tena-Sempere, M., Dieguez, C., et al. (2007). Regulation of pituitary cell function by adiponectin. Endocrinology, 148(1): 401-410.
Saxena, A., Fayad, R., Kaur, K., Truman, S., Greer, J., Carson, J.A., et al. (2017). Dietary selenium protects adiponectin knockout mice against chronic inflammation induced colon cancer. Cancer Biology and Therapy, 18(4): 257-267.
Scherer, P.E., Williams, S., Fogliano, M., Baldini, G. and Lodish, H.F. (1995). A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270(45): 26746-26749.
Shahar, S., Salleh, R.M., Ghazali, A.R., Koon, P.B. and Mohamud, W. (2010). Roles of adiposity, lifetime physical activity and serum adiponectin in occurrence of breast cancer among Malaysian women in Klang Valley. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 11(1): 61-66.
Tabandeh, M.R., Hosseini, A., Saeb, M., Kaf, M. and Kabiri, N. (2015). Gene expression of adiponectin and its receptors in hypothalamus and pituitary of Holstein cattle during the estrous cycle. Journal of Veterinary Research, 70(4): 377-386. [In Persian]
Torres-Acosta, J., Sandoval-Castro, C., Hoste, H., Aguilar-Caballero, A., Cámara-Sarmiento, R. and Alonso-Díaz, M. (2012). Nutritional manipulation of sheep and goats for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes under hot humid and subhumid tropical conditions. Small Ruminant Research, 103(1): 28-40.
Trusolino, L., Bertotti, A. and Comoglio, P.M. (2010). MET signalling: principles and functions in development, organ regeneration and cancer. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 11(12): 834-848.
Vionnet, N., Dupont, S., Gallina, S., Francke, S., Dotte, S., De Matos, F., et al. (2000). Genomewide search for type 2 diabetes–susceptibility genes in French Whites: evidence for a novel susceptibility locus for early-onset diabetes on chromosome 3q27-qter and independent replication of a type 2–diabetes locus on chromosome 1q21–q24. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 67(6): 1470-1480.
Williams, M.A., Qiu, C., Muy-Rivera, M., Vadachkoria, S., Song, T. and Luthy, D.A. (2004). Plasma adiponectin concentrations in early pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 89(5): 2306-2311.
Xu, A., Chan, K.W., Hoo, R.L., Wang, Y., Tan, K.C., Zhang, J., et al. (2005). Testosterone selectively reduces the high molecular weight form of adiponectin by inhibiting its secretion from adipocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(18): 18073-18080.
Zhang, J., Wang, H., Bao, Y. and Zhang, L. (2004). Nano red elemental selenium has no size effect in the induction of seleno-enzymes in both cultured cells and mice. Life Sciences, 75(2): 237-244.
Zhang, J., Wang, H., Yan, X. and Zhang, L. (2005). Comparison of short-term toxicity between Nano-Se and selenite in mice. Life Sciences, 76(10): 1099-1109.
