Single drop based-liquid phase microextraction using ionic liquid as extractor solvent for extraction and preconcentration of copper and silver from food and water samples prior to determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Subject Areas :
Food Science and Technology
جعفر Abolhasani
1
,
محمد Amjadi
2
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Received: 2013-06-25
Accepted : 2013-11-03
Published : 2013-08-23
Keywords:
Copper,
Ionic liquids,
Single-drop micro-extraction,
Electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry,
Silver,
Abstract :
A new single drop micro-extraction method based on ionic liquids was developed for the pre-concentration of ultra-traces of silver and copper prior to its determination by electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). An 8-μL drop of ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C6MIM][PF6], was used for the extraction of silver and copper ions as dithizone complex. Important variables affecting microextraction efficiency and ETAAS signal, such as pyrolysis and atomization temperature, dithizone concentration, extraction time, drop volume and stirring rate were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limits (3 s) of the method were 4 and 8 ng L-1, for Ag and Cu, respectively and corresponding relative standard deviations (0.1 μg L-1, n = 6) were 4.2% and 4.8%. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of copper and silver in food and water samples.
References:
Abe, S., Fujii, K. and Sono, T. (1994). Liquid-liquid extraction of manganese(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) with acyclic and macrocyclic Schiff bases containing bisphenol A subunits. Analytica Chimica Acta, 293(2): 325-330.
Baron, M.G., Herrin, R.T. and Armstrong, D.E. (2000). The measurement of silver in road salt by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Analyst, 125(5): 123-126.
Dadfarnia, S. and Haji-Shabani, A.M. (2010). Recent development in liquid phase microextraction for determination of trace level concentration of metals-A review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 658(4): 107-119.
El-Shahawi, M.S., Bashammakh, A.S. and Bahaffi, S. (2007). Chemical speciation and recovery of gold(I, III) from wastewater and silver by liquid–liquid extraction with the ion-pair reagent amiloride mono hydrochloride and AAS determination. Talanta, 72(3): 1494-1499.
Faraji, M., Yamini, Y. and Shariati, S. (2009). Application of cotton as a solid phase extraction sorbent for on-line preconcentration of copper in water samples prior to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry determination. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 166(12): 1383-1388.
Greenwood, N.N. and Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements. Elsevier London, U.K.
Kocurova, L., Balogh, I.S., Nagy, L., Billes, F. and Simon, A.V.A. (2011). Application of a bisindocarbocyanine reagent for dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction of silver with subsequent spectrophotometric determination. Micro chemical Journal, 99(4): 514-519.
Manzoori, J.L., Amjadi, M. and Abulhassani, J. (2009). Ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of manganese in water samples. Talanta, 77(7): 1539-1544.
Mashhadizadeh, M.H. Pesteh, M., Talakesh, M., Sheikhshoaie, I., Ardakani, M.M. and Karimi, M.A. (2008). Solid phase extraction of copper (II) by sorption on octadecyl silica membrane disk modified with a new Schiff base and determination with atomic absorption spectrometry. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 63(9): 885-888.
Pandey, S. (2006). Analytical applications of room-temperature ionic liquids: A review of recent efforts. Analytica Chimica Acta, 556(2): 38-45.
Pena-Pereira, F., Lavilla, I. and Bendicho, C. (2009). Miniaturized preconcentration methods based on liquid–liquid extraction and their application in inorganic ultratrace analysis and speciation: A review. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 64(5): 1-15.
Resano, M., Aramendía, M., García-Ruiz, E., Crespo, C. and Belarra, M.A. (2006). Solid sampling-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for the direct determination of silver at trace and ultratrace levels. Analytica Chimica Acta, 571(6): 142-149.
Sant-Ana, O.D., Wagener, A.L.R., Santelli, R.E., Cassella, R.J., Gallego, M. and Valcarcel, M. (2002). Precipitation–dissolution system for silver preconcentration and determination by flow injection flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta, 56(3): 673-680.
Shrivas, K. and Jaiswal, N. (2013).Dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction for the determination of copper in cereals and vegetable food samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Food chemistry, 141(8): 2263-2268.
Tokalıoglu, S. and Gurbuz, F. (2010). Selective determination of copper and iron in various food samples by the solid phase extraction. Food Chemistry, 123(7): 183-187.
Tuzen, M. and Soylak, M. (2009). Column solid-phase extraction of nickel and silver in environmental ,samples prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 164(3): 1428-1432.
Wei, G.T., Yang, Z. and Chen, C.J. (2003). Room temperature ionic liquid as a novel medium for liquid/liquid extraction of metal ions. Analytica Chimica Acta, 488(2): 183-192.
Zeeb, M., Ganjali, M.R., Norouzi, P. and Kalaee, M.R. (2011). Separation and preconcentration system based on microextraction with ionic liquid for determination of copper in water and food samples by stopped-flow injection spectrofluorimetry. Food and chemical toxicology, 49(5): 1086-1091.
