Contact toxicity of three plant essential oils on adult insects of Sithophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Subject Areas : Plant Protection

Yasamin  Motamedi ¹ ()
Majid  Fallahzadeh ² ()
Vahid  Roshan ³ ()

Received: 2012-10-19 Accepted : 2013-02-05 Published : 2011-08-23

Keywords:

Abstract :

Recently, there has been growing interest in research concerning the possible use of plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Essential oils are among the best-known substances tested against insects. These compounds may act as fumigants, contact insecticides, repllants, antifeedants and may affect growth and development of the insect. In an attempt to find a natural and inexpensive method for the control of stored-product pests, contact toxicity of essential oils of Mentha longifolia L., Tagetes minuta L. and Salvia macrosiphon Boiss. was investigated on adult insects of Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) on laboratory condition. The oils were extracted by using Clevenger apparatus. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design of factorial experiment with five concentrations and three replications at R.H in darkness. The results showed that the percentage of mortality was increased with increase in concentration and exposure of time. The highest contact toxicity was related to M. longifolia and the lowest toxicity was recorded for S. macrosiphon against insects. At the highest concentration of essential oils (35 µl/ml) by M. longifolia,T. minuta and S. macrosiphon the mortality were recorded as 93.3%,83.3% and 70% against S. oryzae after 48h, respectively. The LC50 values were evaluated by M. longifolia, T. minuta and S. macrosiphon 18.892, 21.003 and 24.482 for S. oryzae after 48h .According to the results, the essential oils of M. longifolia,T. minuta and S. macrosiphon are sources of biologically active vapor that can be used in protection of stored grains against  rice weevil.

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