Personality Typology of the Three Female Protagonists in the Novel "Autumn Is the Last Season of the Year" Based on Karen Horney's Theory

Subject Areas : Persian Language & Literature

Parshang Ilkhanizadeh ¹ , Hossein Dadashi ² , Arash Moshfeghi ³

1 - Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran.
2 - Assistant professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
3 - Assistant professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran.

Received: 2024-06-22 Accepted : 2024-08-29 Published : 2024-09-22

Keywords: Psychological criticism, Karen Horney, Persian novel, “autumn is the last season of the year”.,

Abstract :

The psychology of literature, by psychologically analyzing the characters in the story, helps to understand their motivations, feelings, and behaviors more deeply and shows how the psychological and inner experiences of the heroes affect their decisions and actions. This approach allows the audience to understand the hidden layers of the characters better and establish a deeper connection with the work. In this research, the character typology of three female protagonists in the novel "Autumn is the Last Season of the Year" written by Nasim Mar’ashi based on Karen Horney's theory has been discussed. The main purpose of this research is to examine the characters of Leila, Shabane, and Roja and compare them with Hornay's three personality orientations: people-pleasing is seclusion and supremacy. The qualitative research method was based on the content analysis of the novel text. The results of text analysis show that each of these three women represents a distinct personality type. As a solitary person, Shabane searches for meaning in her inner and personal world and avoids extensive social interactions. Roja seeks love and support from others with her kindness and has a strong emotional attachment. Leila is a perfectionist and wants to prove to others that she is in a superior position with her successes and achievements.

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