Investigating the effect of water scarcity on the sense of social security of farmers in Kharameh and Fahlian plains in Fars province
Subject Areas : Subjects
Mohammad Reza Arjmand
1
(Graduated with a PhD in Sociology, Department of Sociology, Jahrom Branch, Azad Islam University, Jahrom, Iran.)
Ali Reza Khoddami
2
(Associate Professor of Sociology, Department of Sociology, Jahrom Branch, Azad Islam University, Jahrom, Iran)
Karamattilla Rasekh
3
(Associate Professor of Sociology, Department of Sociology, Jahrom Branch, Azad Islam University, Jahrom, Iran.)
Keywords: Drought, Fars province, Sense of Social Security, Farmer, Water Scarce,
Abstract :
Abstract
Introduction: Iran is located in arid and semi-arid climate and the rainfall in Iran is less than one-third of the world average. The agricultural sector is the main cause of water loss, as more than 90% of the water is consumed in this sector.
Methods: This study is a survey. Documentary method has also been used to develop theoretical records and empirical records.
Findings: The effects of water scarceness on social security feeling variable showed that 32.2% of its changes were explained by the model. There is a covariant relationship between external factors affecting the sense of collective security and the sense of intellectual security, as well as external factors affecting the feeling of surface water shortage and the sense of life security. On the other hand, the feeling of lack of surface water has a direct effect on the sense of intellectual security. The results of this study show that water scarcity has a direct impact on farmers' safety, based on the findings, the mean sense of social security and its dimensions among farmers in Fahlian plain which has better water resources status is more than the amount for Kharameh farmers who have poor water resources status, so water scarcity is effective in terms of financial, life, intellectual and collective.
1 1-All-Yasin, Ahmad (2016) Water Crisis, Tehran: Iran Consulting Engineers Society. p.38
2 2-Bajovand, Behzad (2009) the rise and fall of water, the experiences of seniors in the management and educational departments of water resources in Fars province, Tehran. P. 58
3 3-Water and National Security (2013), Asla May Council, Vice President of Infrastructure Studies and Production Affairs, Office of Infrastructure Studies, pp. 9-11
4 4- Moradipardanjani, Hojatullah and Sattar Sadeghi Deh Cheshmei (2016), Explaining the relationship between the value perspective and the sense of social security (the case study of Isfahan University students), Iran's strategic research on social issues, 1(5), 12 consecutive, p. 83.
5 5-6-Fars Management and Planning Organization, Fars Statistical Yearbook, Report (2017)
6 7-Basic studies of water resources of Fars Regional Water Company, report (2017)
7 8-Bozan, Bari (1999) People, Governments and Fears, Tehran: Translation of Strategic Studies Research Institute. pp. 36-37
8 9-Bayat, Bahram. (2008) the relationship between social variables and the feeling of safety, master's thesis. p. 22
9 10-Khaje Nouri, B., and Kaveh, M. (2012). Studying the relationship between media consumption and feeling of social security. Tehran: Strategic Researches of Social Issues of Iran (Strategic Researches of Security and Social Order), 2(2 (6 consecutive)), 57-78. 224661 p. 13
10 Chalabi, Massoud. (2007). Sociology of Order, Tehran: Nei Publishing House, 4th edition, pp. 32-35
11 12-Bajpai, County. (2005), Human security: concept and measurement, authored and translated by: Saber Shibani, Tehran: Organization of Management and Planning of the country, Deputy of Administrative Affairs, Finance and Human Resources, Scientific Documents Center, Museum and Publications. First Edition. P. 42
12 13-Hazarjaribi, Jafar (2011) The sense of social security from the perspective of tourism development, geography and environmental planning, year 22, Shamah Piyapi 42, number 2: 121-143. p.43
13 14-Giddens, Anthony (2014) Climate change policies, Tehran: translators, Sadegh Salehi and Shaaban Mohammadi, Ageh pp. 168-169
14 15-Giddens, Anthony (2017) Abandoned World, Tehran: Translator: Ali Asghar Saidi and Youssef Haji Abdul Wahab, Science of Literature. pp. 128 and 225
15 16-Busby J• (2017) • Cited by 12 — The United States is not blind to the risks related to water security. A report on global water secu- rity, released by the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC) in.p32
16 17-Hoekstra, Arin, Ashok Chapagin, Mit Aldea and Mesfin Maknounin (2016) Global Standard Water Footprint Evaluation, Mashhad, Minofer Publications. Translator, Faridadathari. pp. 140-141
17 18-Bakshi, Ahmad, (2019), examining the relationship between water, politics and security (examining challenges and presenting solutions), National Conference on Water, Culture and Humanities Research, Birjand.
18 19-Moradian, Behzad and Heydari, Kyomarth and Azarafroz, Mohsen and Talebi Sayad, Mohsen, (2019), investigation of "water resources management" in West Asia and its impact on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the second national conference on urban management, urban planning and architecture, Tabriz.
19 20-Qudousi, Mojdeh, (2018), new challenges of international peace and security caused by climate change.
20 21-Mohammadi, Yaser and Kamasi, Shahreh, (2018), environmental security and security of water resources in line with sustainable development, the second national conference on environmental science and engineering and sustainable development, Tehran.
21 22-Abdi, Fereydoun, (2017), investigation of water crisis and its relationship with security, international conference on security, progress and sustainable development of border areas, territories and metropolises, solutions and challenges focusing on non-agent defense and crisis management, Tehran.
22 23-Namazi Shishvan, Arash and Sai, Ahmed and Malek Mohammadi, Hamidreza and Zibaklam Mofard, Sadiq, (2017), water, security; A case study of Lake Urmia.
23 24-Arghwani Pirsalami, Fariborz and Atabaki, Sara, (2016), Water crisis and regional security of the Persian Gulf: analysis of foundations and solutions.
24 25-Tal Shayan, Saeed and Hashemi, Seyed Mukhtar and Bahrami, Jamil, (2015), Good water governance, a solution for sustainable development and national security in Iran, 6th National Conference on Water Resources Management of Iran, Sanandaj.
25 26-Taslimi Babli, Amin and Ranjpour, Reza and Sadeghi, Seyed Kamal and Motafker Azad, Mohammad Ali, (2015), Water security in Iran, 5th National Conference on Management, Economics and Accounting, Tabriz.
26 27-Kayseri, Mehdi, (2015), challenges in agriculture, food security and water shortage in Iran, the second national congress of irrigation and drainage of Iran, Isfahan.
27 28-Ghorbani Aghdam, Marzieh and Khozaimenejad, Hossein and Youssef Dost, Aisen, (2015), Security in the orbit of water diplomacy, the 4th International Conference on Engineering and Human Sciences.
28 29-Taheri, Zahra. (2008). Investigating the social factors affecting the feeling of security among the citizens of Isfahan, master's thesis, social sciences, sociology major, under the guidance of Rabbani, Rasoul, Isfahan University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities.
29 30-Devas, D.A., (2006), survey in social research, translated by Hoshang Naibi, Tehran Publishing House, first edition, p. 223.
30 31-Kalantari, Khalil (2009) Data processing and analysis in socio-economic research, Tehran: Farhang Saba Publishing House. P. 225.
_||_
