Study of antifungal activity of plant extracts on tobacco Fusarium wilt agent

Subject Areas : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

A. Sajjadi ¹ (مربی، بخش گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش تیرتاش، بهشهر، ایران)
H. Assemi ² (استادیار، بخش گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش تیرتاش، بهشهر، ایران.)

Received: 2015-03-16 Accepted : 2015-03-16 Published : 2015-05-22

Keywords: biocontrol, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. nicotianae, natural herbal products,

Abstract :

Tobacco Fusarium wilt is one of the most important tobacco diseases in the world being able to impose heavy losses. The disease control using plant extracts was considered as a safe and green method. The purpose of current research was to determine the antifungal activity of some plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. nicotianae prepared with different solvents. In this study, crude extracts of nine plant species including catmint (Nepeta cataria), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), thyme (Thymus pubescens), fennel (Foeniculum vulgar), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis), Badrashbi (Dracocephalum kotschyi), Balm (Melissa angustifolious), Nepeta (Mentha pulegium) and Salvia (Salvia verticilata) was extracted by maceration method using water, acetone, hexane, ethanol, and methanol as solvents. These extracts were tested in vitro for antifungal activity against tobacco Fusarium wilt. The experiment was performed in factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with three factors of plant, solvent and concentration and five replications. The minimum inhibitory concentration of each extract was determined by medium mixing method. The crude extracts of tobacco, catmint, thyme, fennel, hyssop and badrashbi had remarkable inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of fungus. The maximum inhibitory effect was observed in methanolic extracts. The most inhibitory concentration was 2000 ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract of tobacco, catmint, thyme, fennel, badrashbi, and hyssop the fungus was 1.5, 1.5, 2, 3, 3, and 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. The results showed the high potential of the methanol extract of tobacco, catmint and thyme which could be used as a biological product against tobacco Fusarium wilt.

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