فهرس المقالات shadowing

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  1 - Fabrication of graded helical square tower-like Mn sculptured thin films and investigation of their electrical properties: comparison with perturbation theory
  Mahsa Fakharpour Hadi Savaloni
  10.1007/s40094-017-0242-3
  AbstractMn sculptured thin films were fabricated in form of graded helical square tower-like terraced sculptured Mn thin films (GHSTTS) using oblique angle deposition together with rotation of substrate about its surface normal with fixed rotation angle (90°) and a shad أکثر

  AbstractMn sculptured thin films were fabricated in form of graded helical square tower-like terraced sculptured Mn thin films (GHSTTS) using oblique angle deposition together with rotation of substrate about its surface normal with fixed rotation angle (90°) and a shadowing block which was fixed at the centre of the substrate holder. The anisotropy of the samples was examined by resistivity measurements at two orthogonal angles. Direct relationship is obtained between resistivity and the anisotropy of the produced samples which showed that both of these parameters increase with decreasing distance from the edge of the shadowing block. Simulation work using the perturbation theory produced results consistent with the experimental observations. تفاصيل المقالة
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  2 - ویژگی آشوب برای دستگاه‌های دینامیکی ناخودگردان تابع تکرار
  علیرضا زمانی بهابادی منا عفتی بهمن هنری
  در این مقاله مفهوم‌ جدید دستگاه دینامیکی ناخودگردان تابع تکرار را معرفی می‌کنیم و نشان می‌دهیم برای فضای متریک ‌فشرده‌ی ، دستگاه دینامیکی‌ ناخودگردان تابع تکرار  متعدی توپولوژیکی است، هرگاه دستگاه دارای ویژگی سایه‌زنی میانگین باشد و نقاط کمینه‌ی آن در چگال باشند .ع أکثر

  در این مقاله مفهوم‌ جدید دستگاه دینامیکی ناخودگردان تابع تکرار را معرفی می‌کنیم و نشان می‌دهیم برای فضای متریک ‌فشرده‌ی ، دستگاه دینامیکی‌ ناخودگردان تابع تکرار  متعدی توپولوژیکی است، هرگاه دستگاه دارای ویژگی سایه‌زنی میانگین باشد و نقاط کمینه‌ی آن در چگال باشند .علاوه بر این، چنین دستگاهی متعدی توپولوژیکی است، هرگاه برای هرمجموعه‌ی باز و پایای   از ، نقطه‌ا‌ی مانند  موجود باشد به ‌طوری‌که   دارای چگالی بالایی مثبت باشد .همچنین نشان می‌دهیم ویژگی سایه‌زنی و تعدی زنجیری، متعدی توپولوژیکی بودن این دستگاه را نتیجه می‌دهد. نشان می‌دهیم دو شرط اول تعریف آشوب دوانی[1]، شرط سوم را نتیجه می‌دهد، به علاوه آشوبناک بودن این دستگاه تحت شرایطی به‌دست خواهد آمد. آمیخته‌ی توپولوژیکی بودن چنین دستگاهی از شرایط سایه‌زنی و آمیختگی زنجیری به‌ دست می‌آید. در انتها به بررسی شرایطی پرداخته‌ایم که تحت آنها دستگاه دینامیکی   دارای آشوب لی یورک[2] خواهد بود. تفاصيل المقالة
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  3 - The Effect of Teaching Metacognitive Listening Strategy during Shadowing Activity on Field-Dependent and Field-Independent EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension
  پرستو علی زاده اقیانوس مونا خبیری
  This study aimed to compare the effect of teaching metacognitive listening strategies through shadowing activity on the listening comprehension of field-dependent (FD) and field-independent (FI) EFL learners. Since the researcher had access only to female participants,8 أکثر

  This study aimed to compare the effect of teaching metacognitive listening strategies through shadowing activity on the listening comprehension of field-dependent (FD) and field-independent (FI) EFL learners. Since the researcher had access only to female participants,85 female EFL learners from a language institute in Tehran, at the pre-intermediate level of proficiency with the age range of 18-35 were selected out of the initial 120 participants based on their performance on a piloted PET. The Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) was administered to the selected participants in order to categorize them into the two experimental groups (49 FD and 36 FI). The participants including both FD and FI sat in several classes. During a five-week instruction period (twice a week), both groups practiced listening comprehension for 45 minutes through a combination of shadowing activity, and metacognitive strategy instruction with no difference in treatment. The results of the independent samples t-test demonstrated that there was no significant difference between listening posttest scores of FI and FD groups. Therefore, it was concluded that metacognitive strategy training coupled with shadowing activity could be equally beneficial in terms of listening proficiency for all students regardless of their perceptual tendency (FD/FI). The findings of the present study have implications for language teachers regarding metacognitive strategy training and listening comprehension enhancement. تفاصيل المقالة
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  4 - The Effect of Voice Recording, Video Dubbing, and Shadowing Tasks on the Pronunciation Ability: A Study of Iranian EFL Learners
  Maryam Jalilvand Narjes Ghafournia
  The present study followed a quasi-experimental design to examine the probable significant effect of three novel and less-attended techniques of video dubbing, voice recording, and shadowing on improving Iranian EFL learners’ pronunciation. To meet the end, 75 Ira أکثر

  The present study followed a quasi-experimental design to examine the probable significant effect of three novel and less-attended techniques of video dubbing, voice recording, and shadowing on improving Iranian EFL learners’ pronunciation. To meet the end, 75 Iranian advanced EFL learners, as the target sample, participated in the study. Initially, 120 language learners participated in the study. Based on the results of the Barron’s TOEFL test, 75 advanced participants were selected, as the homogenous language proficiency sample. Then, they were randomly assigned into three experimental and a control groups. Each of the experimental groups was exposed to 15 hours of treatment on one of the three techniques. The progress of learners’ pronunciation was checked via a pre-test/post-test system. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to examine the research hypotheses. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the impacts of the three techniques on improving the learners’ pronunciation. Data analysis also revealed that the voice recording proved to be a less effective technique in developing learners’ pronunciation than video dubbing and shadowing. Moreover, shadowing and video dubbing were both equally effective in boosting learners’ pronunciation proficiency. The findings of this study could have various pedagogical implications for improving language learners’ pronunciation. تفاصيل المقالة