بررسی انواع روش‌های پشتیبانی فرکانس و تکنیک‌های کنترل اینرسی در سیستم‌های قدرت مبتنی بر توربین‌های بادی سرعت متغیر
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق قدرت
سیدعبدالرحمان احمدنژاد
1
,
رامتین صادقی
2
,
بهادر فانی
3
1 - دانشکده مهندسي برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ايران
2 - دانشکده مهندسي برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ايران
3 - دانشکده مهندسي برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ايران
کلید واژه: توربین باد, بازیابی سرعت روتور, پشتیبانی موقت فرکانس, ژنراتور القایی دو‌سو تغذیه, افت دوم فرکانس,
چکیده مقاله :
انگیزه کاهش آلایندگی‌های زیست محیطی و حفظ محیط زیست سبب رشد سریع منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر و مزارع بادی در سیستم‌های قدرت شده است. با این حال، چندین چالش فنی در نفوذ بالای منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر و مزارع بادی رایج است. مهمترین چالش، دستیابی به پایداری فرکانس در سیستم‌های جدید است. زیرا این منابع جدید توان ذخیره کمتری را به نسبت ژنراتورهای سنکرون ارائه می‌دهند. علاوه بر این، بدلیل اتصال مزارع بادی از طریق مبدل‌های الکترونیک قدرت به شبکه AC، سیستم‌های قدرت جدید اینرسی کمی دارند و مزارع بادی در عملکرد عادی نمی‌توانند با سایر منابع تولید متعارف در تنظیم فرکانس مشارکت داشته باشند. اخیرا با گسترش روزافزون مزارع بادی در سیستم-های قدرت مشارکت دادن آنها در پشتیبانی و تثبیت فرکانس در شرایط بروز اختلال در تولید یا مصرف سیستم‌های قدرت بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. بنابراین در این تحقیق ابتدا نحوه شبیه‌سازی اینرسی ژنراتورهای سنکرون در توربین‌های بادی در جهت افزایش اینرسی سیستم‌های قدرت و کنترل فرکانس مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفته است. سپس مروری بر انواع راهبرد‌ها و آخرین پیشرفت‌های صورت گرفته در زمینه رفع چالش‌های حضور مزارع بادی در جهت پشتیبانی موقت فرکانس در سیستم‌های قدرت انجام شده است. نهایتا مطالعات انجام شده در تکنیک‌های کنترل اینرسی و فرکانس سیستم برای توربین‌های بادی سرعت متغیر مورد بررسی، دسته‌بندی و مقایسه قرار گرفته است.
The motivation to reduce environmental pollution has caused the rapid growth of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems. However, several technical challenges are common in the high penetration of RES and wind farms (WF). The most important challenge is to achieve frequency stability in new systems. Because WF provide less storage, power compared to synchronous generators. In addition, due to the connection of wind farms to the AC grid through electronic power converters, new power systems have little inertia and WF cannot participate in frequency regulation with other conventional production sources in normal operation. Recently, with the increasing expansion of wind farms in power systems, their participation in supporting and stabilizing the frequency in the event of disturbances in the production or consumption of power systems has been highly considered. Therefore, in this research, firstly, it investigates the way of simulating the inertia of synchronous generators in wind turbines in order to increase the inertia of power and frequency control systems. Then, a review of various strategies and the latest developments in the field of solving the challenges of the presence of wind farms in the direction of temporary frequency support in power systems has been done. Finally, the studies conducted in inertial control techniques and system frequency for variable speed wind turbines have been investigated, categorized and compared.
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