پیش‌بینی حوزه‌های خاص امیدواری دانشجویان در چارچوب سبک‌های دلبستگی آنان
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
احمد ولیخانی
1
(کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران)
محسن سالاری سلاجقه
2
(کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، ایران)
فرهاد خرمایی
3
(عضو هیأت علمی بخش روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران)
کلید واژه: حوزه‌های خاص امیدواری, دانشجویان, سبک‌های دلبستگی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش پیش‌بینی حوزه‌های خاص امیدواری دانشجویان بر اساس سبک دلبستگی آنان است. طرح مطالعه از نوع همبستگی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش همه دانش‌آموزان ورودی جدید دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان در سال تحصیلی 91ـ1390 بودند. نمونه شامل 250 دانشجوی تازه وارد بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه سبک‌های دلبستگی بزرگسالان (هازن و شیور، 1987) و مقیاس امیدواری حوزه‌های خاص بزرگسالان (سیمپسون، 1999) را تکمیل کردند. داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل‌یابی معادله ساختاری تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که دلبستگی ایمن هر پنج حوزۀ خاص امیدواریِ روابط اجتماعی (01/0>P ، 83/0=β)، تحصیلات (01/0>P ، 79/0 =β)، زندگی خانوادگی (01/0>P ، 40/0 =β)، شغل (01/0>P ، 51/0 =β)، و اوقات فراغت (01/0>P ، 62/0 =β) را به‌طور معنادار و مثبت پیش‌بینی کرد، اما دلبستگی اجتنابی هیچ یک از حوزه‌های امیدواری را به‌طور معنادار پیش‌بینی نمی‌کند. دلبستگی دوسوگرا نیز فقط حوزۀ امید در زندگی خانوادگی را به‌طور معنادار و منفی پیش‌بینی می‌کند (05/0>P ، 25/0- =β). بر طبق نتایج به‌دست آمده از پژوهش می‌‌توان ادعا کرد که در افزایش امیدواری به افراد به‌ویژه افرادی که برای روان‌درمانی مراجع می‌کنند، باید به نوع دلبستگی آنان توجه شود. چرا که افزایش امید در این افراد باید در حوزه‌های مشخصی از جنبه‌های مختلف زندگی صورت گیرد تا مسأله یا مشکلی را ایجاد نکند و همچنین بر تأثیر درمانی امید بیفزاید.
The purpose of current study was to predict specific domains of hope based on attachment styles. The research design was correlational. The population consisted of all newcomers to Bu-Ali University of Hamedan in 2011-12. From among them, 250 were selected by multistage random sampling. Then, they attended the research instruments namely, Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1987) and Sympson Adult Domain-Specific Hope Scale (1999). The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results showed that secure attachment style positively and significantly predicted each of five specific domains of hope (i.e. social relationship, academic, family life, occupation, and leisure time); but avoidant attachment style did not have any significant relationship with them. Furthermore, ambivalent attachment style could just predict family life of domain specific hope negatively and significantly. These results show that hope increase in individuals should be considered by their attachment styles since it needs to be taken place within certain specific domains of hope in order to avoid any further problems and to facilitate the efficacy of hope-inducing properties.
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