شناسایی راهکارهای اجرای رویکرد یادگیری مشارکتی به‌منظور پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری دانش¬آموزان دوره ابتدایی از طریق فراترکیب و گروه کانونی
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
فهیمه انصاری زاده
1
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.)
محمدرضا کرامتی
2
(دانشیار گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه تهران. تهران، ایران.)
سیف الله فضل الهی قمشی
3
(دانشیار گروه برنامه ریزی درسی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.)
کلید واژه: راهکارها, یادگیری مشارکتی, مهارت‌های رهبری, فراترکیب, گروه کانونی,
چکیده مقاله :
اگرچه مطالعات قبلی چالش‌های اجرای رویکرد یادگیری مشارکتی را برجسته کرده‌اند، اما کمتر به راهکارهای اجرای آن به‌منظور پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری دانش آموزان پرداخته‌اند از سوی دیگر مطالعات نشان داده که مهارت‌های رهبری را می‌توان به کودکان آموزش داد اما به‌روشنی آشکار نکرده‌اند که چگونه این اتفاق می‌افتد. هدف مطالعه حاضر ترکیب نتایج مطالعات ملی و بین-المللی به‌منظور پر کردن این شکاف تحقیقاتی است. در این مطالعه از روش سندلوسکی و باروسو استفاده شد. براساس فراترکیبی از 43 مطالعه داخلی (1401-1391) و خارجی (2022-2001)، راهکارهای اجرای رویکرد یادگیری مشارکتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده‌ها از طریق نرم‌افزار اطلس تی کدگذاری شد. به‌منظور تکمیل، اصلاح و روایی داده‌ها نیز از روش گروه‌های کانونی استفاده شد. براساس نتایج مطالعه حاضر بهبود عناصر برنامه¬درسی نظیر امکانات، موضوعات درسی، محیط یادگیری، معلم و دانش¬آموز و بهبود نگرش دست‌اندرکاران و ذی‌نفعان می‌تواند زمینه¬ پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری در دانش¬آموزان را فراهم سازند. نتایج حاکی از برجسته بودن برخی از مهارت‌ها نظیر خلاقیت، حل مساله، اعتمادبه‌نفس، سازگاری، همدلی، انتقادپذیری، مسئولیت‌پذیری بود. برخی از مهارت‌ها نیز نظیر سازگاری، انتقادپذیری ابعاد تازه¬ای از مهارت‌های رهبری را آشکار کردند و توانستند سهمی در پرورش دانش این حوزه ایفا کنند. بر اساس این یافته‌ها، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری از طریق رویکرد یادگیری مشارکتی در فعالیت‌های آموزشی در محیط کلاس قابل‌اجرا است.
Although previous studies have highlighted the challenges of implementing the cooperative learning approach, they have not addressed the implementation strategies of this approach in order to develop students' leadership skills. On the other hand, studies have shown that leadership skills can be taught to children, but they have not clearly revealed how this happens. The aim of this study is to combine the results of national and international studies in order to fill this research gap. Sandelowski and barroso method was used in this study. Data were coded through Atlas T software. In order to complete, modify and validate the data, the method of focus groups was also used. Based on the results of the present study, improving curriculum elements such as facilities, subjects, learning environment, teacher and student, and improving the attitude of stakeholders and stakeholders can provide the basis for the development of leadership skills in students. The results indicated the prominence of some skills such as creativity, problem solving, self-confidence, adaptability, empathy, criticism, and responsibility. Some skills, such as adaptability, acceptability of criticism, revealed new dimensions of leadership skills and were able to contribute to the development of knowledge in this field. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that developing leadership skills through cooperative learning approach in educational activities in the classroom environment is feasible.
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