اثر محلول پاشی آهن و روی و زمان های برداشت بر جوانه زنی و برخی ویژگی های بیوشیمیایی سویا رقم ویلیامز 82
محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهیآرمین پورصفر 1 , محمد صدقی 2 , رئوف سیدشریفی 3 , محمد حسن زاده 4
1 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک به نژادی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
3 - گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
4 - گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
کلید واژه: عملکرد دانه, درصد روغن, پروتئین دانه, ریزمغذی, کیفیت بذر,
چکیده مقاله :
جهت بررسی تغییرات جوانه‌زنی بذر سویا (Glycine max) و برخی ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی آن، آزمایش فاکتوریلی در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان) در سال زراعی 1400-1399 اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل فاکتور محلول‌پاشی سولفات آهن و سولفات روی در دو سطح و زمان برداشت در سه سطح: غلاف سبز، رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک و غلاف رسیده خشک بود. طبق نتایج، اثر متقابل محلول‌پاشی و زمان برداشت بر عملکرد دانه و درصد پروتئین معنی دار بود و بیشترین مقادیر هر دو صفت در استفاده از سولفات روی در برداشت غلاف خشک بدست آمد. درصد روغن دانه متاثر از هر دو تیمار گردید، بطوریکه بیشترین درصد روغن در برداشت غلاف سبز به میزان 4/21 درصد بدست آمد و سولفات روی بیشترین تاثیر را بردرصد روغن به میزان 3/20 درصد دارا بود. اثر متقابل محلول‌پاشی و زمان برداشت بر مقدار آهن و روی بذر معنی دار بود و بیشترین مقدار آهن بذر (6/121 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) در کاربرد سولفات آهن و بیشترین مقدار روی بذر (1/91 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) در کاربرد سولفات روی، هر دو در برداشت رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک بدست آمد. درصد جوانه زنی متاثر از اثر متقابل محلول‌پاشی و زمان برداشت گردید و بیشترین مقدار (6/96) در تیمار سولفات روی در برداشت غلاف خشک مشاهده گردید. بطور کلی، مصرف روی باعث افزایش جوانه زنی، میزان روی، درصد روغن و عملکرد دانه شد و مصرف آهن باعث بهبود میزان پروتیین دانه گردید. برداشتهای رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک و غلاف خشک باعث بهبود صفات اندازه گیری شده بجز روغن دانه گردید.
In order to study the changes of seed germination of soybean (Glycine max) and some biochemical characteristics, a factorial experiment as randomized complete block design was conducted at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ardabil Province (Maghan) in 2020-2021. Treatments included 2 spraying factors as iron and zinc sulfates besides three harvesting times: green pod, physiological maturity and dry mature pod. According to the results, interactions of spraying and harvesting time were significant on grain yield and protein percentage, and the highest amounts of both traits were obtained by applying zinc sulfate at dry mature pod. Seed oil content was affected by both treatments so that, the highest amount was obtained at the green pod at rate of 21.4% and zinc sulfate had the greatest effect on grain oil percentage at rate of 20.3%. Furthermore, interaction of spraying and harvesting time was significant on seed Fe and Zn contents and results showed that the highest amount of seed Fe (121.6 mg/kg) was achieved by iron sulfate and that of seed Zn (91.1 mg/kg) by zinc sulfate, both at the physiological maturity. Seed germination was also affected by interaction of spraying and harvesting time and the highest rate (96.6%) was observed at dry mature pod by applying zinc sulfate. In general, Zn consumption increased germination percentage, grain rate, seed oil percentage and grain yield, and iron consumption improved grain protein. The physiological maturity and dry mature pod harvestings improved the values of measured traits except the seed oil.
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