تاثیر مقادیر بذر مصرفی و دزهای کاهش یافته علفکش Haloxyfop-R-methyl بر کنترل علفهای هرز، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش
محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی
عبدالرحیم شکیباپور
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته شناسایی و مبارزه با علفهای هرز، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران)
سعید سعیدی پور
2
(استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران)
کلید واژه: عملکرد دانه, رقابت محصول-, علفهرز, وزن خشک علفهای هرز, علفکش,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق اثرات تراکم گیاه زراعی و رژیم های مختلف علف کشی بر میزان آلودگی علف های هرز و میزان محصول ماش مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. دو عامل میزان بذر مصرفی (15، 25 و 35 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و دزهای مختلف گالانت سوپر (0، 4/0، 8/0 و 2/1 لیتر در هکتار) در این آزمایش بررسی شدند. آزمایش در قالب طرح کرت های خرد شده که در آن تراکم، کرت اصلی و دز علف کش کرت فرعی بوده، با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. میانگین داده ها نشان داد که تراکم و وزن خشک علف های هرز بطور قابل توجهی تحت تاثیر دز علف کش و تراکم گیاه زراعی قرار گرفتند. بیشترین درصد کاهش وزن خشک و تراکم علف هرز به ترتیب به میزان 65 و 53 درصد در دز 2/1 لیتر در هکتار علف کش کاربردی مشاهده شد. با افزایش تراکم گیاه زراعی در صد کاهش این دو متغیر نیز افزایش یافت. همینطور اثر تراکم گیاه زراعی بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه معنی دار بود. متغیرهای مختلف نظیر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن 1000 دانه، شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه به طور معنی داری تحت تاثیر تغییرات دز علف کش قرار گرفتند. عملکرد دانه در دز 2/1 لیتر در هکتار به میزان 26 درصد نسبت به تیمار عدم کاربرد علف کش بهبود یافت. اثرات متقابل تراکم و دز علف کش بر شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه معنی دار بود. بهترین عملکرد دانه به میزان 512 گرم در متر مربع از تلفیق تراکم 35 کیلوگرم و دز 8/0 لیتر در هکتار علف کش بدست آمد.
Crop-weed competition has a profound effect on the seed yield of mung bean. We evaluated the effects of both the seed rate and weeding regime on the weed infestation and crop performance of mung bean. Two factors via seed rate (15, 25 or 35 kg ha-1) and different doses of haloxyfop-R-methyl (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 L ha-1) were included in the experiment. The experiment was implemented in a split-plot design accommodating seed rate in the main plot and doses of herbicide in the subplot with four replications. Mean data from the experiment showed that weed density and weed dry weight were significantly affected by seed rate: these two variables decreased with the increase in the seed rate (p<0.01). The seed rate significantly influenced plant height, number of pod per plant, biological yield and seed yield. Different variables that included: Plant height, number of pod per plant, 1000 seed weight, harvest index and seed yield were significantly influenced by variations of herbicide doses. Seed yield was significantly improved in dose of 1.2 L ha-1. Overall, the interaction effect of seed rate and herbicide doses was not significant in respect to the plant characteristics except harvest index and seed yield. Nevertheless, a seed rate of 35 kg ha-1, coupled with volume of 0.8 L ha-1, illustrated the best seed yield. Therefore, crop competition can be explored as an effective alternative weed management strategy and achieving optimal yield of bean
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