ارزيابي تجزیه زیستی فنانترن توسط باسیلوس مجاونسیس جداسازی شده از خاک های آلوده منطقه نفتی دارخوین
محورهای موضوعی : میکروب شناسی کاربردی
کلید واژه: تجزیه زیستی, فنانترن, باسیلوس مجاونسیس, بهينه سازي,
چکیده مقاله :
سابقه و هدف: تجزیه زیستی یکی از روش های پاکسازی محیط از ترکیبات نفتی می باشد. هدف از این پژوهش تحقیقی شناسایی باکتری بومی تجزیه کننده فنانترن وبررسی شرایط بهینه رشد به منظور تجزیه زیستی بود. مواد و روش ها: نمونه برداری ازخاک های آلوده به مواد نفتی در میدان نفتی دارخوین ایران انجام شد. پس ازجداسازی و شناسایی اولیه باکتری ها، باکتری شاخص انتخاب و شناسايي شد. سپس مقدار بیوسورفکتانت باکتری پس از بررسی اولیه، با دستگاه تنسیومتر اندازه گیری شد. بررسی اثر فاکتورهای دما، زمان، pH، نیترات و سدیم فسفات در3 سطح مختلف با طراحی آزمایش به روش تاگوچی انجام گرفت و باکتری منتخب درشرایط طراحی شده قرار داده شد. میزان تجزیه فنانترن با دستگاه GC-MS بررسی ونتایج بدست آمده تجزیه وتحلیل شد. یافته ها: درمیان جدایه‌ها باسیلوس مجاونسیس دارای قدرت بیشتری در تجزیه فنانترن بود. ارزیابی حضور بیوسورفکتانت این باکتری مقدار mN/m 47 را نشان داد. نتایج حاصل ازتجزیه وتحلیل شرایط بهینه باکتری باسیلوس مجاونسیس برای تجزیه زیستی دمای45 درجه سلسیوس،۷ pH ، نیترات mg/mL1، سدیم فسفات mg/mL 3/0 و زمان 5 روز را نشان داد که در این شرایط%55 فنانترن تجزیه شد. نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که با توجه به حضور باکتری های بومی با قابلیت تجزیه فنانترن درخاک های آلوده، وتعیین سطح مواد مغذی، فاکتورهای محیطی ودیگرعوامل موثردر تجزیه زیستی، یک استراتژی کارآمد به منظور افزایش سرعت تجزیه زیستی فنانترن می باشد.
Background and Objectives: Bioremediation is one of the methods of cleaning the environment from petroleum compounds. The aim of this research was to identify a native phenanthrene-degrading bacterium and to investigate the optimal growth conditions for biodegradation. Materials and Methods: Sampling was carried out from petroleum-contaminated soils in the Darkhovin oil field, Iran. After isolation and primary identification of the bacteria, the specific bacterium was selected and identified. Then, after initial examination, the amount of biosurfactant produced by the bacterium was measured using a tensiometer. The effect of temperature, time, pH, nitrate, and sodium phosphate factors at 3 different levels was investigated using the Taguchi method, and the selected bacterium was placed under the designed conditions. The amount of phenanthrene degradation was examined using GC-MS, and the obtained results were analyzed. Results: Among the isolates, Bacillus mojavensis had a higher ability to degrade phenanthrene. Evaluation of the presence of biosurfactant in this bacterium showed a value of 47 mN/m .The results of analyzing the optimal conditions of Bacillus mojavensis for biodegradation showed a temperature of 45 °C, pH 7, nitrate 1mg/mL , sodium phosphate 0.3 mg/mL 0.3 , and a time of 5 days, under which conditions 55% of phenanthrene was degraded. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, considering the presence of native bacteria capable of degrading phenanthrene in contaminated soils, and determining the level of nutrients, environmental factors, and other effective factors in biodegradation, it is an effective strategy to increase the rate of phenanthrene biodegradation.
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