اثر اسید هیومیک بر برخی ویژگی‌های زراعی در ارقام مختلف یونجه (Medicago sativa L)
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
1 - دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری علف های هرز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
کلید واژه: عملکرد, اسید هیومیک, چین برداشت, وزن خشک شاخساره,
چکیده مقاله :
تاثیر سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک بر ویژگی‌های زراعی ارقام مختلف یونجه با اجرای آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای در دو چین بصورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار بررسی شد. در این آزمایش پنج رقم یونجه (یزدی، همدانی، بغدادی، بمی و رنجر) و سه سطح اسید هیومیک (شاهد، پنج و ١٠ لیتر در هکتار) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و چین به عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که به جز صفت ارتفاع بوته بقیه صفات شامل عملکرد علوفه خشک، وزن خشک تک بوته، وزن خشک ریشه و شاخساره تک بوته، تعداد برگ و قطر ساقه تحت تاثیر اثر متقابل سه‌جانبه چین × رقم × اسید قرار گرفتند. صفت ارتفاع بوته تحت تاثیر اثر متقابل دوجانبه رقم × اسید و چین × رقم واقع شد. در مجموع هر دو چین ارقام یونجه یزدی و بمی حایز بیشترین و رقم رنجر حایز کمترین مقدار صفات اندازه‌گیری شده شدند. همچنین در بین تیمارهای اسید هیومیک، تیمار 10 لیتر در هکتار نسبت به تیمار شاهد و پنج لیتر در هکتار اسید بیشترین مقدار صفات را در ارقام یونجه داشت. در مجموع ارقام یونجه بمی، رنجر و یزدی با کاربرد 10 لیتر در هکتار اسید هیومیک به ترتیب بیشترین عملکرد علوفه خشک را در شرایط آزمایش داشتند.
To evaluate the effect of humic acid on some cultural characters of some alfalfa varieties, a field experiment was conducted as factorial split plot based on RCBD design with three replications in 2014. In this experiment, 5 varieties of alfalfa (Yazdi, Hamedani, Baghdadi, Bami and Ranger) and three levels of humic acid (5 and 10 lha-1 and without humic acid, as control) were considered as the first factor and harvest time was as the second factor. Result indicated that except plant height, other characteristics such as dry weight yield, dry weight per plant, root and shoot dry weight per plant, number of leaves and stem diameter were affected by triple interaction effect of harvest time×variety×humic acid. Plant height was affected by double interaction effect of variety×humic acid and also harvest time×variety. Yazdi and Bami had the highest and Ranger had the least values of traits under study in two cuttings, respectively. Also in the between of humic acid treatments, 10 lha-1 treatment produced highest traits measured as compared to control and 5 lha-1 treatment. Bami, Ranger and Yazdi varieties with 10 lha-1of humic acid in two cuttings produced the highest dry weight yield (3.64, 3.55 and 3.26 t.ha-1 respectively) in this experiment.
Albiach, R., R. Canet, F. Pomares, and F. Ingelmo. 2001. Organic matter components aggregate stability and biological activity in a horticultural soil fertilized with different rates of two sewage sludges during ten years Biores. Technology Journal. 77: 109-114.
Arancon, N.Q., S. Lee, CA. Edwards, R.M. Atiyeh. 2003. Effects of humic acids and aqueous extracts derived from cattle, food and paper-waste vermicomposts on growth of greenhouse plants . Pedobiologia (Jena). 47: 744–781.
Atiyeh, R.M., CA. Edwards, J.D. Metzger, S. Lee, N.Q. Arancon. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earth worm processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technolgy. 84: 7–14.
Bohrani, A. 2007. Comparison of five alfalfa varieties of alfalfa watery and dry forage yield and leaves and protein percentage in Ahvaz. Scientific Journal of Agriculture. 13 (13): 84-93. (In Persian).
Bulent Asik, B., A. Turan, H. Celik, and A. Vahap Katkat. 2009. Effects of humic substances on plant growth and mineral nutrients uptake of wheat (Triticum durum cv. Salihli) under conditions of salinity. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 1: 87-95.
Cacco, G., E. Attina, A. Gelsomino, and M. Sidari. 2000. Effect of nitrate and humic substances of nitrate uptake in wheat seedlings. Journal of plant nutrition and soil science. 163: 313-320.
Canale, C.J., B.P. Glenn, and J.B. Reeves. 2002. Alkalitreated alfalfa and switchgrass: Composition and in situ disappearance of OM, NDF and ADF, monosacharides. Dairy Science Journal. 85: 3411- 3419.
Chen, Y., and T. Ariad. 1990. Effects of humic substances in soil and crop Science: Mac Carthy et al., (ed.). 161-186 madison.
Chen Y., CE. Clapp, H. Magen. 2004. Mechanisms of plant growth stimulation by humic substances: The role of organic-iron complexes. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 50: 1089–1095.
FAO Statistical Yearbook. 2013. http://faostat.fao.org
Gulser, F., F. Sonmez and S. Boysan. 2010. Effects of calcium nitrate and humic acid on pepper seedling growth under saline condition. Journal of Environmental Biology. 31 (5): 873-876.
Hakan, C., A. Vahap Katkat, B. Bulent Asık, and M.A. Turan. 2011. Effect of foliar-applied humic acid to dry weight and mineral nutrient uptake of maize under calcareous soil conditions communications. Soil Science and Plant Analysis Journal. 42(1):.29 – 38.
Khaled, H., and H.A. Fawy. 2011. Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth, and soil properties under conditions of salinity. Journal of Soil and Water Resource. 6(1): 21–29.
Khazaee, H.R., S. Sabzevari, and M. Kafi. 2010. Effect of humic acid on root and shoot growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.) Sabalan and Sayonez varieties. Journal of Water and Soil. 23(2): 87-94. (In Persian).
Liu, C., and R.J. Cooper. 2000. Humic substances influence creeping bentgrass growth. Golf Course Management. 49-53.
Rehi, A., M. Davoodifar, F. Azizi, and D. Habibi. 2013. Effects of different amounts of humic acid and response curves in the Dactylis glomerata. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Journal. 8 (3): 15-28. (In Persian).
Sardashti, A.S., and M. Alidoust. 2008. Determination and identification of humic acid compounds of soils in northern forest of Iran. Congress of Crystallography and Mineralogy of Iran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, p. 3. (In Persian).
Sebahattin A., and C. Necdet. 2005. Effects of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leaf yield and yield components of forage Turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Agronomy Journal. 4:130-133.
Sharif, M., R.A. Khattak, and M.S. Sarir. 2002. Effect of different levels of lignitic coal drived humic acid on growth of maize plants. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Journal. 33(19820): 3567-3580.
Sufi Syavoush, R., and H. Janmohammadi. 2001. Animal feed (Translation). Amidi Press. 648 pp. (In Persian).
Tahir, M.M., M. Khurshid, M.Z. Khan, M.K. Abbasi, and M.H. Kazmi. 2011. lignite-derived humic acid effect on growth of wheat plants in different soils. Pedosphere Journal. 21: 124-131.
Verlinden, G., T. Coussens, A. De Vliegher, and G. Baert. 2010. Effect of humic substances on nutrient uptake by herbage and on production and nutritive value of herbage from sown grass pastures. Grass and Forage Science Journal. 65: 133-144.
Willis, J., and M. Hester. 2008. Evaluation of enhanced Panicum amarum establishment through fragment plantings and humic acid amendment. Journal of Coastal Research. 2: 263-268.
_||_Albiach, R., R. Canet, F. Pomares, and F. Ingelmo. 2001. Organic matter components aggregate stability and biological activity in a horticultural soil fertilized with different rates of two sewage sludges during ten years Biores. Technology Journal. 77: 109-114.
Arancon, N.Q., S. Lee, CA. Edwards, R.M. Atiyeh. 2003. Effects of humic acids and aqueous extracts derived from cattle, food and paper-waste vermicomposts on growth of greenhouse plants . Pedobiologia (Jena). 47: 744–781.
Atiyeh, R.M., CA. Edwards, J.D. Metzger, S. Lee, N.Q. Arancon. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earth worm processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technolgy. 84: 7–14.
Bohrani, A. 2007. Comparison of five alfalfa varieties of alfalfa watery and dry forage yield and leaves and protein percentage in Ahvaz. Scientific Journal of Agriculture. 13 (13): 84-93. (In Persian).
Bulent Asik, B., A. Turan, H. Celik, and A. Vahap Katkat. 2009. Effects of humic substances on plant growth and mineral nutrients uptake of wheat (Triticum durum cv. Salihli) under conditions of salinity. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 1: 87-95.
Cacco, G., E. Attina, A. Gelsomino, and M. Sidari. 2000. Effect of nitrate and humic substances of nitrate uptake in wheat seedlings. Journal of plant nutrition and soil science. 163: 313-320.
Canale, C.J., B.P. Glenn, and J.B. Reeves. 2002. Alkalitreated alfalfa and switchgrass: Composition and in situ disappearance of OM, NDF and ADF, monosacharides. Dairy Science Journal. 85: 3411- 3419.
Chen, Y., and T. Ariad. 1990. Effects of humic substances in soil and crop Science: Mac Carthy et al., (ed.). 161-186 madison.
Chen Y., CE. Clapp, H. Magen. 2004. Mechanisms of plant growth stimulation by humic substances: The role of organic-iron complexes. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 50: 1089–1095.
FAO Statistical Yearbook. 2013. http://faostat.fao.org
Gulser, F., F. Sonmez and S. Boysan. 2010. Effects of calcium nitrate and humic acid on pepper seedling growth under saline condition. Journal of Environmental Biology. 31 (5): 873-876.
Hakan, C., A. Vahap Katkat, B. Bulent Asık, and M.A. Turan. 2011. Effect of foliar-applied humic acid to dry weight and mineral nutrient uptake of maize under calcareous soil conditions communications. Soil Science and Plant Analysis Journal. 42(1):.29 – 38.
Khaled, H., and H.A. Fawy. 2011. Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth, and soil properties under conditions of salinity. Journal of Soil and Water Resource. 6(1): 21–29.
Khazaee, H.R., S. Sabzevari, and M. Kafi. 2010. Effect of humic acid on root and shoot growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.) Sabalan and Sayonez varieties. Journal of Water and Soil. 23(2): 87-94. (In Persian).
Liu, C., and R.J. Cooper. 2000. Humic substances influence creeping bentgrass growth. Golf Course Management. 49-53.
Rehi, A., M. Davoodifar, F. Azizi, and D. Habibi. 2013. Effects of different amounts of humic acid and response curves in the Dactylis glomerata. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Journal. 8 (3): 15-28. (In Persian).
Sardashti, A.S., and M. Alidoust. 2008. Determination and identification of humic acid compounds of soils in northern forest of Iran. Congress of Crystallography and Mineralogy of Iran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, p. 3. (In Persian).
Sebahattin A., and C. Necdet. 2005. Effects of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leaf yield and yield components of forage Turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Agronomy Journal. 4:130-133.
Sharif, M., R.A. Khattak, and M.S. Sarir. 2002. Effect of different levels of lignitic coal drived humic acid on growth of maize plants. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Journal. 33(19820): 3567-3580.
Sufi Syavoush, R., and H. Janmohammadi. 2001. Animal feed (Translation). Amidi Press. 648 pp. (In Persian).
Tahir, M.M., M. Khurshid, M.Z. Khan, M.K. Abbasi, and M.H. Kazmi. 2011. lignite-derived humic acid effect on growth of wheat plants in different soils. Pedosphere Journal. 21: 124-131.
Verlinden, G., T. Coussens, A. De Vliegher, and G. Baert. 2010. Effect of humic substances on nutrient uptake by herbage and on production and nutritive value of herbage from sown grass pastures. Grass and Forage Science Journal. 65: 133-144.
Willis, J., and M. Hester. 2008. Evaluation of enhanced Panicum amarum establishment through fragment plantings and humic acid amendment. Journal of Coastal Research. 2: 263-268.