بررسی عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ارقام بهاره کلزا (Brassica napus L.) در کشت زمستانه به تراکم‌های مختلف بوته در شرایط کاربرد سلنیوم
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
مصطفی زمان فشمی
1
(گروه کشاورزی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.)
امیرحسین شیرانی راد
2
(موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح وتهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.)
محمد رضا داداشی
3
(گروه کشاورزی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.)
علی خورگامی
4
(گروه کشاورزی، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لرستان، ایران.)
کلید واژه: عملکرد بیولوژیک, محلول پاشی, خورجین, بوته, سلنات سدیم,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی واکنش عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ارقام بهاره کلزا در کشت زمستانه به تراکم‌های مختلف بوته در شرایط کاربرد سلنیوم،آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل اسپیلت پلات در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال‌های زراعی 1393 و 1394 در موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا گردید. تراکم بوته در سه سطح (40، 60 و 80 مترمربع) و سلنیوم در دو سطح شاهد (عدم محلول پاشی) و محلول پاشی با سلنیوم به میزان 30 گرم در لیتر سلنات سدیم) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های اصلی و رقم در پنج سطح (Sarigol، Hyola 401، Jacomo،Jerome ، Dalgan) در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از آزمایش نشان دادند که تیمارسال، تراکم بوته، سلنیوم ،رقم و تراکم بر سال، رقم برتراکم اثر معنی‌داری بر تعداد خورجین در بوته، تعداد دانه در خورجین، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه داشتند. رقم Dalgan در تراکم 40 مترمربع بالاترین میزان وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه بالاتری نسبت به ارقام دیگر داشت. این رقم بالاترین عملکرد بیولوژیک با وزن 25/16622 کیلوگرم در هکتار را در تراکم 40 مترمربع دارا بود. همچنین با توجه به بررسی نتایج در هر دو سال اجرای آزمایش مشخص گردید که بالاترین میزان صفات مورد آزمایش در هنگام محلول پاشی سلنیوم بدست آمد.
In order to investigate the response of yield and yield components of spring rapeseed varieties in cultivation of winter to plant density under selenium treatment, a factorial experiment was carried out in split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications in the Research Institute of Plant Improvement and Seeds of Karaj in crop years 2014 and 2015. Plant density at three levels (40, 60, and 80 m2) and selenium at two levels including control (non-sprayed with water) and foliar application of selenium (30 gL-1 sodium) were considered in the main plots and variety at five levels (Sarigol, Hyola 401, Jacomo, Jerome, and Dalgan) were considered as subplots. Results showed that the year, plant density, selenium, variety and plant density + year, and variety + plant density had significant effects on the on number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, seed weight, and seed yield. Dalgan variety at 40 m2 density showed the highest seed weight and its seed yield was higher than other varieties. This variety showed the highest biological yield (16622.225 kg ha-1) under 40 m2 density. Also, based on the analysis of the data the highest yield in both years was obtained in treatments including spraying selenium.
Arora, A., Sairam, R.K. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants. Current Science. 82: 1227-1238.
Anonymous. (2005). Selenium. 300 p.
Anonymous.(2007). Canadian Grain Commision. Quality of Western Canadian Canola. Canada; available. www.grainscanada.gc.ca.
Arnold, G. (2005). Selenium. The new Arthritis Supplement. 505p.
Champa, J., Daniels, E.R.W and Scarisbrick, D.H. (1984). Field studies on C assimilation fixation and movment in oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science Camb. 10: 23-31.
Daniels, R.W., and Scarisbric D.H. (1983). Oilseed rape physiology. Cambridge University Press. pp: 29-46.
FAO. (2017). Food outlook. Global Market Analysis., http://www.fao.Food outlook.com.
Froghi, A., Biabani, A., Karbzki, G. and Rasam, G. (2016). Phenological relationship and physiological traits with canola seed yield in North Khorasan. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 40(10): 1007-1024.
Hall, A.E. (2001). Crop Responses to Environment. University of California, riverside CRC Press. 248 pp.
Heikkinen, M.K. and Auld, D.L. (1991). Harvest index and seed yield of winter rapeseed grown at different plant populations. Proceeding of GCIRC Congress. 1229- 1235.
Kimber, M., and Gregor, K.L. (1995). Pattern of flower and pod development in rapeseed. Canadian Journal Plant. 61: 275- 282.
Kimber, D., and MC Gregor, D.A. (1999). Canola Translation of Azizi, M., A., Soltani and S., Khurasani Khorasani. Mashhad University Press .230 p.
Matinfar, M., Mahjor, M., Shiranirad, A.H. and Mohamadi, R. (2013). Effect of Plant Density on Yield and Components of Seed Yield of Canola. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 24(6): 405-414.
Nabavi Mohali, A. (1997). Effect of planting date on yield, yield components and growth attributes in Mashad region. MSc thesis. Ferdowsi University.
Nourmohamadi, G., Siadat, S. and Kashani, A. (2002). Crop Growing. Chamran University of Ahvaz publications. 446 pages.
Omidi, H. (2007). The effects of planting date and long time during harvest on grain loss
on canola cultivars. The 9th Irainian Crop Sciences Congress. 5-7. Aug. 2007. Tehran. Iran. PP. 185.
Ranjbar, H., Shoja, M., Samei, H., Pirste anoshe, H. and Salar, M. (2015). The Effect of Planting Method and Planting on Yield, Yield Components and Percent Oil of Canola Seeds in Different Cultivars. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 23(7): 95-103.
Rezadost, S. and Rashidi, M. (2003). Effect of planting date and cultivar on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of autumn rapseed. The 7th Irainian Crop Sciences Congress. 24-26. Aug. 2002. Karaj. Iran. PP. 150.
Salehi, B., Mohamadi, J. and Khodadadi, M. (2011). Evaluation of cultivar, planting date, planting arrangement on yield and yield components of autumn canola cultivars. Journal of Modern Agriculture Sustainable. 20(6): 45-55.
Sana, M., Maleki, A.M., Saleem, M. and Rafigh, M. (2013). Comparative yield potential and oil contents of different canola cultivar. P.J .Agronomy. 2: 1-10.
Shiranirad, A.H., Mazaheri, H., Hashemijozi, M. and Taei, A. (2005). Effect of planting date on yield and agronomic characteristics of canola cultivars in cold regions. Final report. Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute.
Song-Moontae, A. (1995). Effect of planting date on freezing tolerance and winter survival of canola (B.napus). Korian Journal of Crop Science. 40, 2: 150-156.
Tahmasbi, G.R., Siadat, S. and Kashani, A. (2013). Effect of planting dates on grain yield and vegetative traits of canola cultivars in Ilam region. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Agricultural Plants. 27(7): 241-258.
Topinka, A.K.C., Downey, R.K. and Rakow, G.F.W. (1991). Effect of agronomic practices on the over wintering of winter Canola in southern alberta. In: proc, Int. Canola conf. Saskatoon. Canada.
Vincence, J., and Belan, M. (1988). Yield of winter rape cultivars in relation to changes in yield forming components. Agronomy Journal. 3: 60-66.
Wells, R. (1991). Soybean growth response to plant density, relationships among canopy photosynthesis, leaf area and light interception. Crop Science. 31: 755-761.
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Arora, A., Sairam, R.K. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants. Current Science. 82: 1227-1238.
Anonymous. (2005). Selenium. 300 p.
Anonymous.(2007). Canadian Grain Commision. Quality of Western Canadian Canola. Canada; available. www.grainscanada.gc.ca.
Arnold, G. (2005). Selenium. The new Arthritis Supplement. 505p.
Champa, J., Daniels, E.R.W and Scarisbrick, D.H. (1984). Field studies on C assimilation fixation and movment in oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science Camb. 10: 23-31.
Daniels, R.W., and Scarisbric D.H. (1983). Oilseed rape physiology. Cambridge University Press. pp: 29-46.
FAO. (2017). Food outlook. Global Market Analysis., http://www.fao.Food outlook.com.
Froghi, A., Biabani, A., Karbzki, G. and Rasam, G. (2016). Phenological relationship and physiological traits with canola seed yield in North Khorasan. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 40(10): 1007-1024.
Hall, A.E. (2001). Crop Responses to Environment. University of California, riverside CRC Press. 248 pp.
Heikkinen, M.K. and Auld, D.L. (1991). Harvest index and seed yield of winter rapeseed grown at different plant populations. Proceeding of GCIRC Congress. 1229- 1235.
Kimber, M., and Gregor, K.L. (1995). Pattern of flower and pod development in rapeseed. Canadian Journal Plant. 61: 275- 282.
Kimber, D., and MC Gregor, D.A. (1999). Canola Translation of Azizi, M., A., Soltani and S., Khurasani Khorasani. Mashhad University Press .230 p.
Matinfar, M., Mahjor, M., Shiranirad, A.H. and Mohamadi, R. (2013). Effect of Plant Density on Yield and Components of Seed Yield of Canola. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 24(6): 405-414.
Nabavi Mohali, A. (1997). Effect of planting date on yield, yield components and growth attributes in Mashad region. MSc thesis. Ferdowsi University.
Nourmohamadi, G., Siadat, S. and Kashani, A. (2002). Crop Growing. Chamran University of Ahvaz publications. 446 pages.
Omidi, H. (2007). The effects of planting date and long time during harvest on grain loss
on canola cultivars. The 9th Irainian Crop Sciences Congress. 5-7. Aug. 2007. Tehran. Iran. PP. 185.
Ranjbar, H., Shoja, M., Samei, H., Pirste anoshe, H. and Salar, M. (2015). The Effect of Planting Method and Planting on Yield, Yield Components and Percent Oil of Canola Seeds in Different Cultivars. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Crop Plants. 23(7): 95-103.
Rezadost, S. and Rashidi, M. (2003). Effect of planting date and cultivar on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of autumn rapseed. The 7th Irainian Crop Sciences Congress. 24-26. Aug. 2002. Karaj. Iran. PP. 150.
Salehi, B., Mohamadi, J. and Khodadadi, M. (2011). Evaluation of cultivar, planting date, planting arrangement on yield and yield components of autumn canola cultivars. Journal of Modern Agriculture Sustainable. 20(6): 45-55.
Sana, M., Maleki, A.M., Saleem, M. and Rafigh, M. (2013). Comparative yield potential and oil contents of different canola cultivar. P.J .Agronomy. 2: 1-10.
Shiranirad, A.H., Mazaheri, H., Hashemijozi, M. and Taei, A. (2005). Effect of planting date on yield and agronomic characteristics of canola cultivars in cold regions. Final report. Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute.
Song-Moontae, A. (1995). Effect of planting date on freezing tolerance and winter survival of canola (B.napus). Korian Journal of Crop Science. 40, 2: 150-156.
Tahmasbi, G.R., Siadat, S. and Kashani, A. (2013). Effect of planting dates on grain yield and vegetative traits of canola cultivars in Ilam region. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Agricultural Plants. 27(7): 241-258.
Topinka, A.K.C., Downey, R.K. and Rakow, G.F.W. (1991). Effect of agronomic practices on the over wintering of winter Canola in southern alberta. In: proc, Int. Canola conf. Saskatoon. Canada.
Vincence, J., and Belan, M. (1988). Yield of winter rape cultivars in relation to changes in yield forming components. Agronomy Journal. 3: 60-66.
Wells, R. (1991). Soybean growth response to plant density, relationships among canopy photosynthesis, leaf area and light interception. Crop Science. 31: 755-761.