رابطه بین بازی های ویدئویی خشن و پرخاشگری در دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیفاطمه گل فرشچی 1 , نفیسه مصطفوی 2
1 - گروه چندرسانه ای دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز- تبریز- ایران
2 - دانشکده چندرسانه ای دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز
کلید واژه: تخلیه هیجانی, بازی های خشن, تشدید خشونت, روش خودسنجی, برپایی فیزیولوژیکی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین انجام بازی‌های خشن و میزان پرخاشگری دانش‌آموزان پسر مقطع ابتدایی ناحیه 4 شهر تبریز بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی – تحلیلی و روش نمونه گیری در دسترس بوده و برای بررسی ارتباط بین متغیرها از آزمون کای اسکوئر استفاده شد. در این جستار پس از مرور تحقیقات انجام شده با روش خودسنجی بر روی کاربران این بازی‌ها، میزان علاقه ایشان به اقسام بازی‌ها و تاثیر بازی‌های ویدئویی خشن روی رفتارشان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پس از انتخاب 168 آزمودنی از بین دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی یکی از مدارس ناحیه 4 تبریز، با استفاده از پرسشنامه خشم نواکو AI سطح پرخاشگری آزمودنی‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین با مشاهده رفتاری میزان پرخاشگری دانش‌آموزان توسط معلمان مربوطه نیز ارزیابی شد. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده 56 درصد از آزمودنی ها بازی‌های خشن انجام می دادند. نتیجه آزمون کای اسکوئر(P< 0.05 ) نشان‌دهنده همبستگی مثبت بین انجام بازی‌های خشن و میزان خشونت بود. نتایج این تحقیق نه تنها هشداری در مورد تأثیر بازی های خشونت آمیز بر رفتار کاربران است، بلکه تاکیدی بر لزوم توجه والدین به نوع بازی های انجام شده توسط فرزندان و نظارت سازمان های مرتبط مانند بر بازی های تولید شده برای نوجوانان است.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between playing violent games and the level of aggression of primary school boys in the 4th district of Tabriz city. The method of research was descriptive-analytical and the sampling method was available. In this research, after reviewing the studing conducted, the users level of interest to the types of games and the impact of violent video games on their behavior were investigated by using self-ssessment method. After selecting 168 subjects using the available sampling from among students in on of the schools of the 4th district of Tabriz, the aggressiveness level of the subjects was measured by using the Novaco Questionnaire. According to the results, 56% of the subjects were doing violent and war games. The result of the chi square test showed a positive correlation between playing violent games and the level of violence (P<0.05) .The results of this research not only is a warning about the impact of violent games on the behavior of users, but also is an emphasis on the parents attention on the type of games which is playing by their childrens, and the monitoring of related organizations on the games produced for teenagers.
Ahmadvand, M. A. (2011). Play Psychology, Tehran: Payame Noor University Publications. (in Persian).
Alipour, A., Agah Heris, M., Siadat M., Nourbala, A. (2009). Effect of different rated violent video games on salivary IgA, salivary cortisol and body temperature, International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3(1): 1–8. (in Persian).
Alipour, A., Agah Heris, M., Golchin, N., Baghban por shokuhi, A. (2011). Computer games: opportunity or or challenge?, Tehran: Arjmand. (in Persian).
Anderson, C.A. ( 2004). An update on the effects of playing violent video games. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 113–122.
Aristotle (2009). The Poetics of Aristotle, Translator : Soheil Muhsin Afnan, Tehran: Hekmat. (in Persian).
Avini, M. (1996). Hekmate Cinema, Tehran: Farabi Cinema Foundation. (in Persian).
Bandura, A. )2002(. Social foundations of thought and action. The health psychology reader, edited by David F Marks.
Bushman, B. (2002). Does venting anger feed or extinguish the flame? Catharsis, rumination,distraction, anger, and aggressive responding. Psychology Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28,724–731.
Feshbach, S. )1984(. The catharsis hypothesis, aggressive drive, and the reduction of aggression.. Aggres. Behavior, 10, 91–101.
Freud, S., Brewer, J. (2012). Studies on Hysteria, translator: Saeed Shoja Shafghati, Tehran: Amir Kabir. (in Persian).
Faruzandeh, A., Mousavi, N., Roohi, S. (2014). Identifying Factors Affecting the Immersion In puzzle adventure games using user experience, First National Conference on Computer Games; Opportunities and challenges،Isfahan. (in Persian).
Gunter, B. (2008). The effects of video games on children The Myth Unmasked, translated by Seyyed Hasan Pourabdi Naini, Tehran: Javane Roshd. (in Persian).
Hawk, C. E., Ridge, R. D. (2021). Is it only the violence? The effects of violent video game content, difficulty, and competition on aggressive behavior. Journal of Media Psychology. 33, 134–144.
Gentile, D. (2013). Catharsis and Media Violence: A Conceptual Analysis. Societies, 3, 491–510.
Greenfield, P., Subrahmanyam, K. (1994). Effect of video game practice on spatial skills in girls and boys. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 15(1): 3-13.
Hassan Nattaj, F., Taghipour javan , A. A. , Faramarzi, S., Rastgar. F. (2015). The Impact of Cognitive-Based Video Games on Executive Functions in Preschool Children with Neuropsychological Learning Disabilities. Educational Psychology, 2(2): 35-45. (in Persian).
Hosseini, S. H. (2008). Media aesthetics and philosophy, Tehran: Mehreniusha. (in Persian).
Jadidian, A. A., Pasha Sharifi H., Ganji H. (2013). The Effect of Computer Games on Selective Reaction Time‚ Working Memory and Spatial Visualization: A Meta-analytic Review. Educational Psychology, 9(28): 58-70. (in Persian).
Mahjoor ,Si. (2012). play psychology, Tehran: virayesh. (in Persian).
Minaei, B., Razi zadeh, A. (2014). The Formative Elements of the Sense of Presence and Its Impact on the Identity of the Users of Video Games. Iran Cultural Research, 7(26): 25-48. (in Persian).
Novaco, R.W.(1998). Anger and Trauma conceptualization, Assessment and Treatment. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Porter, G,. Vladan, S. (2007). Are violent video games harmful?. Australasian Psychiatry, 15( 5) ; 426-422.
Skosnik, P., Chatterton, R., Swisher, T., Park, S. (2000). Modulation of attentional inhibition by norepinephrine and cortisol after psychological stress. InternationalJournal of Psychophysiology, 36, 59-68.
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Ahmadvand, M. A. (2011). Play Psychology, Tehran: Payame Noor University Publications. (in Persian).
Alipour, A., Agah Heris, M., Siadat M., Nourbala, A. (2009). Effect of different rated violent video games on salivary IgA, salivary cortisol and body temperature, International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3(1): 1–8. (in Persian).
Alipour, A., Agah Heris, M., Golchin, N., Baghban por shokuhi, A. (2011). Computer games: opportunity or or challenge?, Tehran: Arjmand. (in Persian).
Anderson, C.A. ( 2004). An update on the effects of playing violent video games. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 113–122.
Aristotle (2009). The Poetics of Aristotle, Translator : Soheil Muhsin Afnan, Tehran: Hekmat. (in Persian).
Avini, M. (1996). Hekmate Cinema, Tehran: Farabi Cinema Foundation. (in Persian).
Bandura, A. )2002(. Social foundations of thought and action. The health psychology reader, edited by David F Marks.
Bushman, B. (2002). Does venting anger feed or extinguish the flame? Catharsis, rumination,distraction, anger, and aggressive responding. Psychology Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28,724–731.
Feshbach, S. )1984(. The catharsis hypothesis, aggressive drive, and the reduction of aggression.. Aggres. Behavior, 10, 91–101.
Freud, S., Brewer, J. (2012). Studies on Hysteria, translator: Saeed Shoja Shafghati, Tehran: Amir Kabir. (in Persian).
Faruzandeh, A., Mousavi, N., Roohi, S. (2014). Identifying Factors Affecting the Immersion In puzzle adventure games using user experience, First National Conference on Computer Games; Opportunities and challenges،Isfahan. (in Persian).
Gunter, B. (2008). The effects of video games on children The Myth Unmasked, translated by Seyyed Hasan Pourabdi Naini, Tehran: Javane Roshd. (in Persian).
Hawk, C. E., Ridge, R. D. (2021). Is it only the violence? The effects of violent video game content, difficulty, and competition on aggressive behavior. Journal of Media Psychology. 33, 134–144.
Gentile, D. (2013). Catharsis and Media Violence: A Conceptual Analysis. Societies, 3, 491–510.
Greenfield, P., Subrahmanyam, K. (1994). Effect of video game practice on spatial skills in girls and boys. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 15(1): 3-13.
Hassan Nattaj, F., Taghipour javan , A. A. , Faramarzi, S., Rastgar. F. (2015). The Impact of Cognitive-Based Video Games on Executive Functions in Preschool Children with Neuropsychological Learning Disabilities. Educational Psychology, 2(2): 35-45. (in Persian).
Hosseini, S. H. (2008). Media aesthetics and philosophy, Tehran: Mehreniusha. (in Persian).
Jadidian, A. A., Pasha Sharifi H., Ganji H. (2013). The Effect of Computer Games on Selective Reaction Time‚ Working Memory and Spatial Visualization: A Meta-analytic Review. Educational Psychology, 9(28): 58-70. (in Persian).
Mahjoor ,Si. (2012). play psychology, Tehran: virayesh. (in Persian).
Minaei, B., Razi zadeh, A. (2014). The Formative Elements of the Sense of Presence and Its Impact on the Identity of the Users of Video Games. Iran Cultural Research, 7(26): 25-48. (in Persian).
Novaco, R.W.(1998). Anger and Trauma conceptualization, Assessment and Treatment. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Porter, G,. Vladan, S. (2007). Are violent video games harmful?. Australasian Psychiatry, 15( 5) ; 426-422.
Skosnik, P., Chatterton, R., Swisher, T., Park, S. (2000). Modulation of attentional inhibition by norepinephrine and cortisol after psychological stress. InternationalJournal of Psychophysiology, 36, 59-68.