This study aims to examine how neural machine translation systems render slang terms in audiovisual materials. To this end, 100 dialogues from the Iranian award-winning film 'Sheeple' (2018) by Houman Seyyedi were randomly selected and analyzed in order to identify Persian slang terms. Three neural translation machines were employed to translate these terms. Baker's (1992, 2011, 2018) strategies were applied to each neural translation output. After analyzing the results, it was determined that Google Translate had the highest frequency of "Translation by Paraphrase Using an Unrelated Word" while Targoman and Farazin mostly used "Translation by Paraphrase Using a Related Word". This study also examined the naturalness of translation based on Nida and Taber(2003) by asking the opinions of five experts regarding the equivalents proposed by neural machine translation. Although Targoman’s performance is far from perfect in comparison to human translation, the data analysis indicates that Targoman is the most natural of the three translation machines. Ultimately, the results were shared by TEFL students in an Iranian university. A large number of these slang terms were unfamiliar to the students in their second language. Besides implications for teaching English translation and the English language, this study is beneficial for developers of neural machine translation systems who strive to improve the quality of machine translation. تفاصيل المقالة

This study examines the theory of Luce Irigaray on the abolition of gender differences and the notion of motherhood in order to emphasize the alleged superiority of men. It also analyzes Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novel Americanah. Irigaray argues that women’s identity has historically been defined by their maternal role, claiming that men’s identity is shaped by discourse, culture, and subjectivity, while women are characterized by nature, marginalization, and objectification. Contrary to Irigaray’s assertion, the female protagonists in Americanah are portrayed as being as closely associated with culture and discourse as their male counterparts, rather than nature and neglect. Moreover, it focuses on Germaine Greer’s theories specifically on the genuine freedom of ladies requires an otherworldly liberation that goes before physical flexibility. As it has shown throughout this article this freedom includes a dismissal of the profoundly imbued social and social standards that oversee female behavior. The novel foregrounds the voices of women whose expressions are suppressed by social norms. Each female character in the narrative takes on a significant cultural role and challenges Irigaray’s perspective. This study addresses gender inequalities and questions the perpetuation of misogynistic gender narratives that uphold the dominant social order and favor dominant groups. تفاصيل المقالة