ملخص المقالة :
تولید پنیرهای تقلیدی بدون آب پنیر یکی از دستاوردهای نوین در صنعت لبنیات می باشد که به خاطر جنبه‌های تغذیه‌ای و اقتصادی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این پنیرها می‌توان با استفاده از مواد گیاهی، ارزش غذایی پنیر را افزایش و هزینه تولید آن را کاهش داد. در این مطالعه، تأثیر جوانه کینوا بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی‌شیمیایی، ترکیبات پلی فنلی، پروفیل بافتی، میکروبی و حسی پنیر فاقد آب پنیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش جوانه کینوا ماده خشک، اسیدیته و چربی در ماده خشک در تمام نمونه ها به طور معنی‌داری افزایش و میزان رطوبت و پروتئین کاهش یافت (05/0>p). میزان سفتی بافت، فنریت و پیوستگی نمونه های حاوی کینوا نسبت به نمونه شاهد (بدون کینوا) به طور معنی‌داری کمتر بود (05/0>p). اما نمونه‌های دارای مقادیر بالاتر جوانه کینوا نسبت به نمونه های دارای مقادیر کمتر جوانه کینوا دارای بیشترین مقدار سفتی بافت، فنریت و پیوستگی، صمغی بودن و قابلیت جویدن بود (05/0p<). بر اساس نتایج ارزیابی حسی، با افزودن جوانه کینوا تا 6 درصد امتیاز طعم به‌طور معنی‌داری بهبود یافت. اما با افزایش بیشتر جوانه امتیاز طعم به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت (05/0>p). بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این بررسی می‌توان از 6 درصد جوانه کینوا در تهیه پنیر فاقد آب پنیر استفاده نمود.
المصادر:
Abdelmontaleb, H.S., Othman, F.A., Degheidi, M.A. and Abbas, K. A. (2021). The influence of quinoa flour addition on the physicochemical, antioxidant activity, textural, and sensory characteristics of UF-soft cheese during refrigerated storage. Journal of Food Procession and Preservsion, 45: 1-10.
AH, J., Rahul, S., Aparnathi, K. D. and Dhanraj, P. (2015). Influence of rennet casein levels on the chemical, baking and sensory quality of Mozzarella cheese analogue. Journal of Dairy, Veterinary and Animal Research, 2: 99-105.
(2019). Official Methods of Analysis, 21st Edition Arlington, VA, AOAC International.
Casarotti, N., Carneiro, B. M. and Penna, A. B. (2014). Evaluation of the effect of supplementing fermented milk with quinoa flour on probiotic activity. Journal of Dairy Science, 97: 6027–6035.
Cotovanu, I., Batariuc, A. and Mironeasa, S. (2020). Characterization of quinoa seeds milling fractions and their effect on the rheological properties of wheat flour dough. Applied Science, 10: 1-22.
Curti, C. A., Vidal, P. M., Curti, R. N. and Ramon, A. N. (2017). Chemical characterization, texture and consumer acceptability of yogurts supplemented with quinoa flour. Food Science and Technology, 37: 627–631.
Darwish, A., Al- Jumayi, H. and Elhendy, H. (2020). Effect of germination on the nutritional profile of quinoa (Cheopodium quinoa) seeds and its anti-anemic potential in Sprague–Dawley male albino rats. Cereal Chemistry, 00: 1–13.
Di Pierro, P., Sorrentino, A., Mariniello, L., Giosafatto, C. V. L. and Porta, R. (2011). Chitosan/ whey protein film as active coating to extend Ricotta cheese shelf-life. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 44: 2324–2327.
El-Dardiry, A. I., Al-Ahwall, R. I. and Gab-Allah, R. H. (2017). Preparation and properties of processed cheese spread containing quinoa paste. Egypt. Journal of Dairy Science, 45: 171-180.
Escribano, J., Cabanes, J., Jiménez-Atiénzar, M., Ibañez-Tremolada, M., Gómez-Pando, L. R. and García-Carmona, F. (2017). Characterization of betalains, saponins and antioxidant power in differently colored quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) varieties. Food Chemistry, 234: 285-294.
Francolino, A. S., Locci, A. F., Ghiglietti, A. R., Iezzib, R. and Mucchetti, G. (2010). Use of milk protein concentrate to standardize milk composition in Italian Citric Mozzarella cheese making. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 43: 310–314.
Jancurova, M., Minarovicova, L. and Dandar, A. (2009). Quinoa- a review. Czech Journal of food Science, 27: 71-79.
Khalifa, S. A., El-Sayed, M. M., Samah, A., El-Shafei, M. S. and Mohamed, A. H. (2020). Effect of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour on th eproduction and quality of low- fat camel milk processed cheese spread. Pakistan Journal of Biology Sciences, 23: 439-453.
Le, L., Gong, X., An, Q., Xiang, Zou, L., Peng, L., Wu, X., Tan, M., Nie, Z., Wu, Q., Zhao, G. and Wan, Y. (2021). Quinoa sprouts as potential vegetable source: Nutrient composition and functional contents of different quinoa sprout varieties. Food Chemistry, 357: 1-10.
Lim, J. G., Park, H. M. and Yoon, K. S. (2020). Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa). Food Science and Nutrition; 8: 694–702.
Lorusso, A., Coda, R., Montemurro, M. and Rizzello, C. G. (2018). Use of selected lactic acid bacteria and quinoa flour for manufacturing novel yogurt-like beverages. Foods, 7: 1-20.
Mazinani, S., Motamedzadegan, A, Nghizadeh Raeisi, Sh. and Alimi M. (2021). Characterization of bacteriologically acidified feta cheese using soy protein isolate in different substitution percentages rheological, microbiological and sensory properties. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15: 5515–5527.
Moatsou, G., Moschopoulou, E., Aik Georgala, Zoidou, E., Kandarakis, I., Kaminarides, S. and Anifantakis, E. (2004). Effect of artisanal liquid rennet from kids and Lambs abomasa on the characteristics of feta cheese. Journal of Food Chemistry, 88: 517-525.
Nowak, V., Du, J. and Charrondière, U. R. (2016). Assessment of the nutritional composition of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Food Chemistry, 193: 47–54.
Omrani Khiabanian, N., Motamedzadegan, A., Naghizadeh, Sh. and Mazdak Alimi, R. (2020). Chemical, textural, rheological, and sensorial properties of whey-less Feta cheese as influenced by replacement of milk protein concentrate with Pea protein isolate. Journal of Texture Studies, 51: 488-500.
Ong, L., Dagastine, R.R., Kentish, S.E. and Grass, S.L. (2012). The effect of pH at renneting on the microstructure, composition and texture of cheddar cheese. Food Research International, 48: 119-130.
Ghoda-Rohani, M. (2016). Advantages and Disadvantages of Imitation Dairy Products, A Reiew. Food Science and Technology, 14: 143-153. [Persian].
Rahimi, J., Khosrowshahi, A., Madadlou, A. and Aziznia, S. (2007). Texture of low-fat Iranian white cheese as influenced by gum tragacanth as a fat replacer. Journal of Dairy Science, 90: 4058- 4070.
Reis, M. (2013). Food phenolic compounds: main classes, sources and their antioxidant power. In book: Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases: A role for antioxidants. Intech Publisher, pp.87-112.
Ruiz, G.A., Xiao, W., van Bowkel, M. and Stieger, M. (2016). Effect of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of protein isolate from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Food Chemistry, 209: 203-210.
Sanjuan, E., Millon, R., Saavedra, P., Carmona, M, A., Gomes, R. and Fernandez Salguero, J. (2002). Influence of animal and vegetable rennet on the physicochemical characteristics of lospedroches cheese during ripening. Journal of Food Chemistry, 78: 281-289.
Soleimani-Rambod, A., Zomorodi, SH., Naghizadeh Raeisi, S.H., Khosrowshahi asl, A. and Shahidi, S.A. (2018). The Effect of xanthan gum and flaxseed mucilage as edible coatings in cheddar cheese during ripening. Coating, 80: 1-13.
· Suárez-Estrella, D., Bresciani, A., Iametti, S., Marengo, M., Ambrogina Pagani, M. A. and Marti, A. (2020). Effect of Sprouting on Proteins and Starch in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 75: 635-641.
Tang, Y., Li, X., Zhang, B., Chen, P.X. and Liu, R. (2015). Characterisation of phenolics, betanins and antioxidant activities in seeds of three Chenopodium quinoa Genotypes. Food Chemistry, 166: 380-388.
Vega-Galvez, A., Miranda, M., Vergara, J., Uribe, E., Luis Puenteb, L. and Martınez. E. A. (2010). Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa ), an ancient Andean grain: A review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 90: 2541–2547.
Vilcacundo, R., Martínez-Villaluenga, C. and Hernández-Ledesma, B. (2017). Release of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Journal of Functional Foods, 35: 531-539.
Zhu, N., Sang, S., Jhoo, S., Karwe, M., Rosen, R. and Ho, C. (2002). Triterpene saponins from debittered quinoa (chenopodium quinoa) seeds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50: 865-867.
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Abdelmontaleb, H.S., Othman, F.A., Degheidi, M.A. and Abbas, K. A. (2021). The influence of quinoa flour addition on the physicochemical, antioxidant activity, textural, and sensory characteristics of UF-soft cheese during refrigerated storage. Journal of Food Procession and Preservsion, 45: 1-10.
AH, J., Rahul, S., Aparnathi, K. D. and Dhanraj, P. (2015). Influence of rennet casein levels on the chemical, baking and sensory quality of Mozzarella cheese analogue. Journal of Dairy, Veterinary and Animal Research, 2: 99-105.
(2019). Official Methods of Analysis, 21st Edition Arlington, VA, AOAC International.
Casarotti, N., Carneiro, B. M. and Penna, A. B. (2014). Evaluation of the effect of supplementing fermented milk with quinoa flour on probiotic activity. Journal of Dairy Science, 97: 6027–6035.
Cotovanu, I., Batariuc, A. and Mironeasa, S. (2020). Characterization of quinoa seeds milling fractions and their effect on the rheological properties of wheat flour dough. Applied Science, 10: 1-22.
Curti, C. A., Vidal, P. M., Curti, R. N. and Ramon, A. N. (2017). Chemical characterization, texture and consumer acceptability of yogurts supplemented with quinoa flour. Food Science and Technology, 37: 627–631.
Darwish, A., Al- Jumayi, H. and Elhendy, H. (2020). Effect of germination on the nutritional profile of quinoa (Cheopodium quinoa) seeds and its anti-anemic potential in Sprague–Dawley male albino rats. Cereal Chemistry, 00: 1–13.
Di Pierro, P., Sorrentino, A., Mariniello, L., Giosafatto, C. V. L. and Porta, R. (2011). Chitosan/ whey protein film as active coating to extend Ricotta cheese shelf-life. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 44: 2324–2327.
El-Dardiry, A. I., Al-Ahwall, R. I. and Gab-Allah, R. H. (2017). Preparation and properties of processed cheese spread containing quinoa paste. Egypt. Journal of Dairy Science, 45: 171-180.
Escribano, J., Cabanes, J., Jiménez-Atiénzar, M., Ibañez-Tremolada, M., Gómez-Pando, L. R. and García-Carmona, F. (2017). Characterization of betalains, saponins and antioxidant power in differently colored quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) varieties. Food Chemistry, 234: 285-294.
Francolino, A. S., Locci, A. F., Ghiglietti, A. R., Iezzib, R. and Mucchetti, G. (2010). Use of milk protein concentrate to standardize milk composition in Italian Citric Mozzarella cheese making. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 43: 310–314.
Jancurova, M., Minarovicova, L. and Dandar, A. (2009). Quinoa- a review. Czech Journal of food Science, 27: 71-79.
Khalifa, S. A., El-Sayed, M. M., Samah, A., El-Shafei, M. S. and Mohamed, A. H. (2020). Effect of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour on th eproduction and quality of low- fat camel milk processed cheese spread. Pakistan Journal of Biology Sciences, 23: 439-453.
Le, L., Gong, X., An, Q., Xiang, Zou, L., Peng, L., Wu, X., Tan, M., Nie, Z., Wu, Q., Zhao, G. and Wan, Y. (2021). Quinoa sprouts as potential vegetable source: Nutrient composition and functional contents of different quinoa sprout varieties. Food Chemistry, 357: 1-10.
Lim, J. G., Park, H. M. and Yoon, K. S. (2020). Analysis of saponin composition and comparison of the antioxidant activity of various parts of the quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa). Food Science and Nutrition; 8: 694–702.
Lorusso, A., Coda, R., Montemurro, M. and Rizzello, C. G. (2018). Use of selected lactic acid bacteria and quinoa flour for manufacturing novel yogurt-like beverages. Foods, 7: 1-20.
Mazinani, S., Motamedzadegan, A, Nghizadeh Raeisi, Sh. and Alimi M. (2021). Characterization of bacteriologically acidified feta cheese using soy protein isolate in different substitution percentages rheological, microbiological and sensory properties. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15: 5515–5527.
Moatsou, G., Moschopoulou, E., Aik Georgala, Zoidou, E., Kandarakis, I., Kaminarides, S. and Anifantakis, E. (2004). Effect of artisanal liquid rennet from kids and Lambs abomasa on the characteristics of feta cheese. Journal of Food Chemistry, 88: 517-525.
Nowak, V., Du, J. and Charrondière, U. R. (2016). Assessment of the nutritional composition of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Food Chemistry, 193: 47–54.
Omrani Khiabanian, N., Motamedzadegan, A., Naghizadeh, Sh. and Mazdak Alimi, R. (2020). Chemical, textural, rheological, and sensorial properties of whey-less Feta cheese as influenced by replacement of milk protein concentrate with Pea protein isolate. Journal of Texture Studies, 51: 488-500.
Ong, L., Dagastine, R.R., Kentish, S.E. and Grass, S.L. (2012). The effect of pH at renneting on the microstructure, composition and texture of cheddar cheese. Food Research International, 48: 119-130.
Ghoda-Rohani, M. (2016). Advantages and Disadvantages of Imitation Dairy Products, A Reiew. Food Science and Technology, 14: 143-153. [Persian].
Rahimi, J., Khosrowshahi, A., Madadlou, A. and Aziznia, S. (2007). Texture of low-fat Iranian white cheese as influenced by gum tragacanth as a fat replacer. Journal of Dairy Science, 90: 4058- 4070.
Reis, M. (2013). Food phenolic compounds: main classes, sources and their antioxidant power. In book: Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases: A role for antioxidants. Intech Publisher, pp.87-112.
Ruiz, G.A., Xiao, W., van Bowkel, M. and Stieger, M. (2016). Effect of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of protein isolate from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Food Chemistry, 209: 203-210.
Sanjuan, E., Millon, R., Saavedra, P., Carmona, M, A., Gomes, R. and Fernandez Salguero, J. (2002). Influence of animal and vegetable rennet on the physicochemical characteristics of lospedroches cheese during ripening. Journal of Food Chemistry, 78: 281-289.
Soleimani-Rambod, A., Zomorodi, SH., Naghizadeh Raeisi, S.H., Khosrowshahi asl, A. and Shahidi, S.A. (2018). The Effect of xanthan gum and flaxseed mucilage as edible coatings in cheddar cheese during ripening. Coating, 80: 1-13.
· Suárez-Estrella, D., Bresciani, A., Iametti, S., Marengo, M., Ambrogina Pagani, M. A. and Marti, A. (2020). Effect of Sprouting on Proteins and Starch in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 75: 635-641.
Tang, Y., Li, X., Zhang, B., Chen, P.X. and Liu, R. (2015). Characterisation of phenolics, betanins and antioxidant activities in seeds of three Chenopodium quinoa Genotypes. Food Chemistry, 166: 380-388.
Vega-Galvez, A., Miranda, M., Vergara, J., Uribe, E., Luis Puenteb, L. and Martınez. E. A. (2010). Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa ), an ancient Andean grain: A review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 90: 2541–2547.
Vilcacundo, R., Martínez-Villaluenga, C. and Hernández-Ledesma, B. (2017). Release of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Journal of Functional Foods, 35: 531-539.
Zhu, N., Sang, S., Jhoo, S., Karwe, M., Rosen, R. and Ho, C. (2002). Triterpene saponins from debittered quinoa (chenopodium quinoa) seeds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50: 865-867.
