مخاطرات اجتماعی-سیاسی و اقتصادی ناشی از پدیده ریزگردها به عنوان مانعی فراروی پایداری توسعه (مورد مطالعه: استان کرمانشاه)
الموضوعات :سامان یوسفوند 1 , شاپور سلمانوندی 2 , علی قنبری برزیان 3
1 - دکتری تخصصی جامعه شناسی دانشگاه تهران و پژوهشگر مرکز پژوهش‌های مجلس، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دکتری تخصصی جامعه شناسی توسعه اجتماعی-روستایی دانشگاه تهران.
3 - دکتری تخصصی جامعه شناسی و استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه اصفهان.
الکلمات المفتاحية: فقر, مخاطرات, ریزگردها, استان کرمانشاه, محیط زیست, توسعه پایدار,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: بیش از یک دهه است که استان‌های جنوب غربی ایران با پدیده ریزگردها مواجه هستند. دامنه این پدیده چنان گسترش پیدا کرده است که به عنوان شایع‌ترین عامل آلودگی هوا و محیط زیست در مناطق تبدیل شده است. دولت، جامعه و اقلیم سه بعد اصلی توسعه پایدار هستند که رابطه چندسویه ای با هم دارند. هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که به طور خاص به چالش‌ها و مسائل ناشی از این پدیده به عنوان مانعی درجهت عدم تحقق پایداری توسعه بپردازد. روش بررسی: این تحقیق با بهره گیری از روش تحقیق کیفی (تحلیل تماتیک) به مطالعه ابعاد اجتماعی، سیاسی و اقتصادی مسئله ریزگردها پرداخته است. تکنیک های استفاده شده در این پژوهش، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساخت یافته و مشاهده بوده است که با 60 نفر از افراد محلی مصاحبه انجام شده است. یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد پدیده ریزگردها از یک سو در حوزه زیست محیطی باعث بهم خوردن تعادل زیستی گونه‌های گیاهی شده است و از سوی دیگر در حوزه زندگی اجتماعی هم آثار مخربی در ابعاد کسب و کارهای محلی، اجتماعی-روانی و مسائل بهداشتی داشته است. پدیده ریزگردها را می‌توان به عنوان مهم‌ترین عاملی در نظر گرفت که کیفیت عینی و ذهنی زندگی ساکنین منطقه را پایین آورده است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتیجه این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که این پدیده چرخه نامطلوبی از مسائل در زمینه‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و بهداشتی را شکل داده که به نوعی سازه چندمعنایی فقر را بازتولید کرده است. در چنین شرایط نامطلوبی، نارضایتی از وضع موجود، بر هم خوردن تعادل نظام زیستی جامعه را شکل داده است. این نوع تغییر اقلیم به حدی بر سبک و کیفیت زندگی مردم تأثیر گذار بوده است که از یک سو بستر بی اعتمادی به نهادهای مسئول را فراهم آورده و از سوی دیگر پایداری توسعه را در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و سیاسی بشدت تهدید می‌کند.
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- Anbari. M (2011) " Sociology of development from economics to culture " Samat Publications, Humanities Research and Development Center, First Edition, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Nasiri. H (2011) "Sustainable Development: The Perspective of the Third World" Farhang va Andisheh Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Giddens, A & in collaboration with Bardsal (2001) "Sociology" translated by Hassan Chavoshian, fourth edition, Ney Publishing, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Willis. K (2011), "Theories and Experiences of Development" by Routledge , 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016Second edition 2011, Routledge.
- Buchani. M & Fazeli. H (2011) "Environmental Challenges and their Consequences of Dust and Its Consequences in the West of Iran" Policy Letter Quarterly, Year 2, N 3, Fall 2011, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Vafaei. M (2011), "Effects of air quality on human health" Master Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Centeral Tehran Branch. (In Persian)
- Dehqan. B & et al (2013), "Assessing the social and economic effects of dust on people's lives" Third National Conference on Wind Erosion and Dust Storms, Yazd, Scientific Association for Management and Control of Desert Areas of Iran. (In Persian)
- Chashmbarzamin. K (2014) Study of the effects of particulate matter on the life satisfaction of rural residents of Abadan city "Master's thesis, in the field of rural development management in the Department of Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Winter, 2014, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Purdihmi. Sh & Bina, M (2014) "Study of the effect of building direction on reducing pollution caused by fine dust in building complexes, a case study of buildings in Dezful" Iranian Journal of Architecture, No6, Fall and Winter 2014, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Bayat. R, & et al (2016) Study of the effect of fine dust on vegetation changes, case study: Shadegan Wetland, Khuzestan) "Journal of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System and Natural Resources, Year 7, N 2, Summer 2016, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Shahbazi. T & et al (2016), "Study of the effect of fine dust on physiological properties and yield of different wheat cultivars" Journal of Plant Process and Function, Vol 5, N 15, Spring 2016, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Mehrabi. S & et al (2015), "Study of the relationship between climatic parameters and the occurrence of dust, case study: Khuzestan Province" Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, Soil and Water Sciences, Year 19, N 70 And the first, spring 2015, Tehran. (In Persian)
- Ghorbaniyan. J (2015), "Prevention of dust storm and weighting of prevention criteria, case study: Hoor Al-Azim" Quarterly Journal of the Geographical Association of Iran, New Volume,Vol 13, N 47, Winter 2015, Tehran. Pp 286-269. (In Persian)
- Matroud. F (2011), "Study and ranking of the prevention of the effects of dust phenomenon using the mathematical technique of AHP" First International Congress on the phenomenon of dust and its harmful effects, Ramin Khuzestan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khuzestan, Pp. 749-756. (In Persian)
- Willis. K (2011), "Theories and Experiences of Development" by Routledge , 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016Second edition 2011, Routledge.
- Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006), “Usingthematic analysis in psychology", Qualitative Research in Psychology, Vol. 3, No. 2, Pp. 77-101.
- Boyatzis, R. E. (1998), "Transforming qualitative information: thematic analysis and Code development" Sage publications, international Educational and Professional publisher thousand Oaks London New Delhi.
- King, N. & Horrocks, C. (2010), "Interviews in qualitative research" London: Sage.
- Jafari. H & et al. (2011), "Theme Analysis and Theme Network: A Simple and Efficient Method for Explaining Patterns in Qualitative Data" Journal of Strategic Management, , Fall and Winter 2011, Vol 5, N 10, Pp. 151-198. (In Persion)
- Azkia M. & Firoozabadi. S (2007), "Study of social capital in various land use systems and factors affecting the conversion of peasant exploitation into cooperatives" Journal of Social Sciences, No. 33, Spring 2008, Tehran. Pp 77-98 (In Persian)
- Carr, A (2004). "Positive Psychology", Hove and New York: Brunner-Routledge.
- Hezar Jaribi. J & Austin Feshan. P (2009), "Study of Factors Affecting Social Vitality with Emphasis on Tehran Province" Journal of Applied Sociology, Vol 20, N 1, Spring 2009, Tehran, Pp. 119-146. (In Persian)
- Zeidali.. H & Mohsen. H (2015), "Assessment of Dust impact on Rangeland Livestock Production According to Ranchers Opinino, Case study: AndimeshK" District, Iran. Journal of Rangeland Scince, Vol.5, No .4, Pp 303-312. (In Persian)
- Willis. K (2011), "Theories and Experiences of Development" by Routledge , 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016,Second edition 2011, Routledge.
