طراحی مدل ارتقاء کار داوطلبانه در ورزش با رویکرد سرمایه اجتماعی
الموضوعات :
حلیمه پیری
1
,
شهریار خرازیان
2
,
اعظم نخعی
3
1 - دانشجو دکتری گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: فعالیت داوطلبی, داوطلبین ورزشی, سرمایه‌اجتماعی, همبستگی اجتماعی, ورزش.,
ملخص المقالة :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل ارتقاء کارداوطلبانه در ورزش با رویکرد سرمایه اجتماعی انجام گرفت. ماهیت تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی پیمایشی می‌باشد و جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به شکل میدانی انجام شد. جامعه‌آماری تحقیق شامل تمامی متخصصان و اساتید حوزه مدیریت ورزشی و صاحب‌‌نظران حوزه داوطلبی و جامعه‌شناسی در ورزش کشور و همچنین و افراد دارای سابقه داوطلبی و همکاری با فدراسیون‌های ورزشی بود که بر اساس استعلام از وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری و دفتر مشترک فدراسیون‌های ورزشی، تعداد آن‌ها 599 نفر تخمین زده شد. با توجه به تعداد بالای نمونه و عدم دسترسی به تمام جامعه، تعداد 250 نفر از طریق جدول مورگان و به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس به‌عنوان نمونه تحقیق انتخاب شده و در نهایت 220 پرسشنامه کامل و قابل بررسی به محقق ارجاع داده شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته مدیریت داوطلبی بود که روایی آن توسط تحلیل عاملی و تأییدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و توسط ده نفر از اساتید مدیریت ورزشی تأیید شد. پایایی ابزار نیز به وسیله آلفای کرونباخ 91/0 محاسبه و تأیید گردید. نتایج نشان داد رویکرد سرمایه‌اجتماعی بر ارتقاء کار داوطلبانه در ورزش اثر می‌گذارد. همچنین، در ارتباط بین رویکرد سرمایه‌اجتماعی و ارتقاء کارداوطلبانه، به‌ترتیب داوطلبی آرمان‌گرایانه، داوطلبی دگرخواهانه، داوطلبی شهروندی، داوطلبی توسعه‌گرا، داوطلبی و توسعه فردی و داوطلبی اجتماعی بیشترین تأثیر را دارند. چنانچه مسئولین مربوطه با رویکرد توسعه فرایند داوطلبی برنامه‌های خود را طرح‌ریزی و اجرا کنند، می‌توانند کار داوطلبانه در ورزش را ارتقا دهند.
Afrozeh, M., Moharramzadeh, M., Kashef, M., & Afrozeh, M. (2011). The Identification of Motivation, Personality and Social Factors in Sport Volunteers. Sport Management Journal, 3(11), 165-181.
Andam, R., & Akbari, A. (2015). Identify factors of social capital of volunteers in university sport associations. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations, 7(3), 35-48.
Andam, R., Hamidi, M., & Taslimi, Z. (2011). Management of volunteers in sports: a case study of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization. Contemporary researches in sports management, 2(3), 93-103.
Areekul, C., Ratana-Ubol, A., & Kimpee, P. (2015). Model development for strengthening social capital for being a sustainable lifelong learning society. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 1613-1617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.508
Asefi, A. A., & Kameli, F. (2023). Optimizing Volunteering Behavior in Sport Events. Sport Management Journal,, 15(4), 110-126. https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2022.343567.2953
Badri Azarin, Y., Abdavi, F., & Kalantari, F. (2022). Development of social capital return model on the role of sports volunteers in Iran. Human resource management in sports, 9(2), 355-376. https://doi.org/10.22044/shm.2022.11567.2432
Bang, H., Won, D., & Park, S. (2020). School engagement, self-esteem, and depression of adolescents: The role of sport participation and volunteering activity and gender differences. Children and youth services review, 113(105012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105012
Carrillo Álvarez, E., & Riera Romaní, J. (2017). La medición del capital social: nuevas perspectivas. Gaceta sanitaria, 31(1), 57-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.09.002
Chelladurai, P., & Kim, A. C. H. (2022). Human Resource Management in Sport and Recreation. In (4 ed.). Human kinetics. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781492596271
Cho, H., Li, C., & Wu, Y. (2020). Understanding sport event volunteers’ continuance intention: An environmental psychology approach. Sport management review, 23(4), 615-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.08.006
Dastoom, S., Rahmati, M. M., Ramezani Nezhad, R., & Reyhani, M. (2014). Survey of style and pattern consumption of familial recreation sports of in and outside of rasht city. Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 1(3), 79-92. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.25384023.1393.1.3.7.6
Delaviz, M., Mortazavi Asl, S. K., & Sinaei, S. A. (2021). A Comparative contemplation on the Concept of Social Capital from the Perspective of Putnam and Fukuyama. Political Sociology of Iran, 3(4), 2288-2306. https://doi.org/10.30510/psi.2022.349291.3646
Doherty, A., Misener, K., & Cuskelly, G. (2014). Toward a multidimensional framework of capacity in community sport clubs. Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly, 43(2), 142-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764013509892
Doherty, A., Misener, K., & Cuskelly, G. (2014). Toward a multidimensional framework of capacity in community sport clubs. Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly, 43(2), 124-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764013509892
Ebrahimi, A., Mehdi Pour, A., & Azmsha, T., 5(1), . https://dor.isc.ac/dor/ (in Persian). (2016). Impact of sport infrastructures and demographic characteristics on sport participation of Ahvaz citizens using multilevel modeling (HLM). Applied Research in Sport Management, 5(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23455551.1395.5.1.7.2
Elyasi, H., Rezaei-Soufi, M., farahani, A., & Ghasemi, H. (2023). Presenting the model of social capital development through volunteering in student sports. Research on Educational Sport, 11(31), 81-112. https://doi.org/10.22089/res.2022.11848.2197
Elyasi, H., Rezayi soofi, M., Farahani, A., & Gasemi, H. (2024). esigning a model for the development of social capital in the student sports volunteering activities. Sport Management and Development, 13(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.22089/res.2022.11848.2197
Farahani, A., Ghasemi, H., & Sedaghati, N. (2022). Explaining the role of the volunteer movement in the development of social capital of the Red Crescent Society (approach of sports volunteers). Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 9(3), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.30473/fmss.2022.64851.2460
Farrell, J. M., Johnston, M. E., & Twynam, G. D. (1998). Volunteer motivation, satisfaction, and management at an elite sporting competition. Journal of sport Management, 12(4), 288-300. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.12.4.288
Fedor, C. G. (2019). Social capital and community development: Case study. Social Research Reports, 11(1), 65-77.
Forsell, T., Tower, J., & Polman, R. (2022). Development of a scale to measure social Capital in Recreation and Sport Clubs. Leisure Sciences, 42(1), 106-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1442268
Furohi Tamli, M. R., Moharramzadeh, M., Imanzadeh, M., & skandari dastgiri, S. (2023). Presenting a model for achieving active and sports-friendly cities with emphasis on open urban management policy in Iran based on a paradigm model. Sport Management and Development,, 12(2), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.22124/jsmd.2022.21285.2644
Ghezelsefloo, H. (2018). Model of Tourists’ Future Attendance of Local and Traditional Sport Festivals Based on Service Infrastructures. Sport Management Journal, 10(4), 795-812. https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2018.219923.1723
Hajizadeh, M., Hakakzadeh, M., & Manouchehrinejad, M. (2023). Examining the role of motivations and citizenship interactions of retired physical education teachers on the willingness to volunteer activities in sports education. Sports Sciences Quarterly, 14(48), 195-215.
Hamidi, M., Andam, R., & Taslimi, Z. (2013). The investigation of volunteer’s management dimensions in sport for all. Applied Research of Sport Management, 2(2), 67-78. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23455551.1392.2.2.6.2
Hidalgo, M. C., & Moreno, P. (2009). Organizational socialization of volunteers: The effect on their intention to remain. Journal of community psychology, 37(5), 594-601. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20317
Johnson, J. E., Giannoulakis, C., Felver, N., Judge, L. W., David, P. A., & Scott, B. F. (2017). Motivation, satisfaction, and retention of sport management student volunteers. Journal of Applied Sport Management, 9(1), 0-0. https://doi.org/10.18666/JASM-2017-V9-I1-7450
Kim, H., Choe, Y., Kim, D., & Kim, J. (2019). For sustainable benefits and legacies of mega-events: A case study of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics from the perspective of the volunteer co-creators. Sustainability, 11(9), 2473. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092473
Krajňáková, E., Šimkus, A., Pilinkienė, V., & Grabowska, M. (2018). Analysis of barriers in sports volunteering. Journal of International Studies, 11(4), 254-269.
Majdi, A. A., & Mir Mohammad Tabar, S. A. (2020). Effects of Sport Participation on Social Vitality with Social Health Moderation. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports, 19(47), 133-147.
Moradi, S., & Mostafaee, F. (2014). Role of Sport in Developing Social and Cross-cultural Communications. Communication Management in Sport Media, 1(4), 55-60. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23455578.1393.1.4.7.3
Naghipour Givi, B., Rouzfarakh, A., & Naderian, F. (2021). The Identification of the Antecedents and Consequences of Social Capital in Sports Through a Meta-Analysis Approach. Social Capital Management, 8(4), 583-608. https://doi.org/10.22059/jscm.2021.331117.2216
Namazizadeh, M., & Naqavi, F. (2002). Investigating the effect of sports participation on self-confidence. Knowledge and research in applied psychology, 11(4), 99-106.
Nikooye, M., Hematiafif, A., Keshavarz Turk, E., & Shirooye Poor, S. (2022). Prospective study of the motivation of voluntary public sports services and local sports events using causal analysis method. Strategic Studies on Youth and Sports, 21(57), 212-193. https://doi.org/10.22034/ssys.2022.1623.2133
Pak, T. Y. (2020). Old-age income security and tourism demand: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Travel Research, 59(7), 1298-1315. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519878512
Pilevar, E., Hamidi, M., Honary, H., & Khabeiri, M. (2018). Designing and explaining the model of volunteering in Iranian student sports. Human resource management in sports, 6(1), 1-15.
Rasooli, M., Hadavi, F., & Saatchian, V. (2015). Developing the sport volunteer management patent for Iran sport. Sport Management Studies, 7(29), 51-66.
Rodrigues, R. G., Pinheiro, P., Gouveia, A., Brás, R. M., O’Hara, K., Duarte, P., & Esteves, M. (2017). Segmentation of Portuguese customers’ expectations from fitness programs. Journal of International Studies, 10(3), 234-249. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-3/17
Seddighi, H., & Salmani, I. (2019). Online Volunteering, A Way to Reduce Health Inequalities: A review study. Journal of Community Health Research, 7(4), 256-264. https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v7i4.273
Shariati Feizabadi, M., & Moghadam Bagha, S. (2024). Sport and Empowering the Economic Security. Sport Management and Development, 13(1), 114-133. https://doi.org/10.22124/jsmd.2022.7169.1479
Swierzy, P., Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2018). The impact of organizational capacity on voluntary engagement in sports clubs: A multi-level analysis. Sport management review, 21(3), 320-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2017.08.001
Taylor, P., Davies, L., Wells, P., Gilbertson, J., & Tayleur, W. (2015). A review of the social impacts of culture and sport. In. Sport Industry Research Centre. shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9596
Tip, H., Hamidi, M., Jalali Farahani, M., & Sajjadi, N. (2022). A mediating role in the relationship between social capital, citizenship culture and willingness to volunteer in school Olympic games. Iranian Journal of Social Development Studies, 5(53), 0-7.
Touhidi, S., Moharramzadeh, M., Imanzadeh, M., & Esgandari Dastagari, S. (2022). Investigating Mediating Role of Social Vitality in Effect of Social Marketing on Development of Women's Public Sports in Ardabil Province. Human resource management in sports, 9(2), 397-411.
Van den Berg, L., Cuskelly, G., & Auld, C. (2015). A comparative study between Australian and South African university sport students' volunteer motives and constraints: sport management and governance. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 21(1), 141-127. https://doi.org/10520/EJC183677
Van den Berg, L., Cuskelly, G., & Auld, C., 21(sup-1), . https://hdl.handle.net/. (2015). A comparative study between Australian and South African university sport students' volunteer motives and constraints: sport management and governance. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 21(1), 127-141. https://doi.org/10520/EJC183677
Wicker, P. (2017). Volunteerism and volunteer management in sport. Sport management review, 20(4), 325-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2017.01.001
Wicker, P., Thormann, T. F., & Davies, L. E. (2024). Football volunteering and subjective well-being: a multi-country study of different voluntary roles and well-being measures. European Sport Management Quarterly, 24(3), 703-722. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2023.2189281
Zhou, R., Kaplanidou, K., & Wegner, C. (2021). Social capital from sport event participation: scale development and validation. Leisure Studies, 40(5), 612-627. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2021.1916832
