طراحی مدل ارتقاء کار داوطلبانه در ورزش با رویکرد سرمایه اجتماعی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت
حلیمه پیری
1
,
شهریار خرازیان
2
,
اعظم نخعی
3
1 - دانشجو دکتری گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: فعالیت داوطلبی, داوطلبین ورزشی, سرمایه‌اجتماعی, همبستگی اجتماعی, ورزش.,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل ارتقاء کارداوطلبانه در ورزش با رویکرد سرمایه اجتماعی انجام گرفت. ماهیت تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی پیمایشی می‌باشد و جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به شکل میدانی انجام شد. جامعه‌آماری تحقیق شامل تمامی متخصصان و اساتید حوزه مدیریت ورزشی و صاحب‌‌نظران حوزه داوطلبی و جامعه‌شناسی در ورزش کشور و همچنین و افراد دارای سابقه داوطلبی و همکاری با فدراسیون‌های ورزشی بود که بر اساس استعلام از وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری و دفتر مشترک فدراسیون‌های ورزشی، تعداد آن‌ها 599 نفر تخمین زده شد. با توجه به تعداد بالای نمونه و عدم دسترسی به تمام جامعه، تعداد 250 نفر از طریق جدول مورگان و به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس به‌عنوان نمونه تحقیق انتخاب شده و در نهایت 220 پرسشنامه کامل و قابل بررسی به محقق ارجاع داده شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته مدیریت داوطلبی بود که روایی آن توسط تحلیل عاملی و تأییدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و توسط ده نفر از اساتید مدیریت ورزشی تأیید شد. پایایی ابزار نیز به وسیله آلفای کرونباخ 91/0 محاسبه و تأیید گردید. نتایج نشان داد رویکرد سرمایه‌اجتماعی بر ارتقاء کار داوطلبانه در ورزش اثر می‌گذارد. همچنین، در ارتباط بین رویکرد سرمایه‌اجتماعی و ارتقاء کارداوطلبانه، به‌ترتیب داوطلبی آرمان‌گرایانه، داوطلبی دگرخواهانه، داوطلبی شهروندی، داوطلبی توسعه‌گرا، داوطلبی و توسعه فردی و داوطلبی اجتماعی بیشترین تأثیر را دارند. چنانچه مسئولین مربوطه با رویکرد توسعه فرایند داوطلبی برنامه‌های خود را طرح‌ریزی و اجرا کنند، می‌توانند کار داوطلبانه در ورزش را ارتقا دهند.
The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for promoting volunteer work in sports with a social capital approach. The nature of the present study is descriptive survey type and data collection was conducted in the field. The research population included all specialists and professors in the field of sports management and experts in the field of volunteering and sociology in sports in the country, as well as people with a history of volunteering and cooperation with sports federations, which was estimated to be 599 people based on an inquiry from the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and the Joint Office of Sports Federations. Given the large number of samples and the lack of access to the entire community, 250 people were selected as the research sample through the Morgan table and the available sampling method, and finally 220 complete and reviewable questionnaires were referred to the researcher. The data collection tool was a researcher-made volunteer management questionnaire, the validity of which was examined by factor and confirmatory analysis and was approved by ten sports management professors. The reliability of the instrument was also calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. The results showed that the social capital approach has an effect on the promotion of volunteer work in sports. Also, in the relationship between the social capital approach and the promotion of volunteer work, idealistic volunteering, altruistic volunteering, civic volunteering, developmental volunteering, volunteering and personal development, and social volunteering have the greatest impact, respectively. If the relevant authorities plan and implement their programs with the approach of developing the volunteering process, they can promote volunteering in sports.
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