An Investigation into the Use of Category Shifts in the Persian Translation of Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations
الموضوعات : نشریه زبان و ترجمه
1 - Assistant Professor of Applied Linguistics, English Department, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Literary Translation, Persian Translation, Catford‟s Category Shift, Great Expectations,
ملخص المقالة :
The present study aimed at finding Catford‟s category shifts applied in the Persian translation of Charles Dickens‟ novel Great Expectations to determine the most frequently used category shift and to check whether there is a significant difference between category shifts in the translation. To this end, 200 simple declarative sentences from the first 20 chapters of the novel (10 sentences from each chapter) and their Per- sian translations by Fateme Amini were chosen. Then, types of category shift according to Catford‟s shift model were found and the frequency and percentage of each category was calculated. Finally, a chi-square test for the goodness of fit was administered to investigate the possibility of the existence of significant dif- ference between the applied category shifts in the translation. The results revealed that while all Catford‟s category shifts (i.e. structure, unit, intra-system, and class shift) were applied in translation, structure shift was the most frequent observed shift (102 cases out of 211 total cases, i.e., 48.34 percent) in the translation. Also, the difference between the used category shifts in the translation was not statistically significant.
Abbasi, P., &VahidDastjerdi, H. (2011). Obstacles to literary translation: Challenges and choices. Zaban-va-Adab, AllamehTabataba’iiUinversity, 26, 102-128.
Akbari, M. (2012). Structural shifts in translation of children’s literature. International Journal of Linguistics, 4(2), 576-594.
Amini, F. (2014). Arezuhai-e-Bozorg (Ch. Dickens, Trans.). Tehran: Dabir Publications.
Baity, S. (2014). Translation shift on noun and noun phrase in ‘Frozen’ movie and its subtitling. Master thesis. School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Blum-Kulka, Sh. (1986). Shifts of cohesion and coherence in translation. In J. House (Ed.), Interlingual and intercultural communication (p.15). Tubingen: Gunter Narrverlag.
Catford, J.C. (1965). A linguistic theory of translation: An essay in applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dickens, Ch. (1992). Great expectations. UK: Wordsworth.
Farahzad, F. (1995). Translating advanced English texts (Vol.1). Tehran: Payame Noor Publications.
Farrokh, P. (2011). The equivalence and shift in the Persian translation of English complex sentences with wh-subordinate clauses. English Language and Literature, 1(2), 74-82.
Hasannudin, S.P. (2012). Rank shift in English-Bahas Indonesia subtitle of the ‘King’s Speech’ movie. Master thesis. Language and Arts Faculty, Yogyakarta State University.
Holmes, T. (1972). The name and nature of translation studies, translation across cultures. New Delhi: Bahri Publications.
Hosseini Massoum, S.M., &Shahbaiki, A. (2013). Translation shifts in the Persian translation of ‘A tale of Two Cities’ by Charles Dickens. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(1), 391-398.
Khanmohammad, H., &Mousavinasab, S.M.H. (2013). Translation shifts in medical translation from English into Farsi. Retrieved November 28, 2015, from http://www.skase.sk/volumes
Lefever, A. (1979). Translating literature translated literature –The state of the art, programmatic second thoughts on literary and translation. Leiden: Brill.
Madeleine Strong, C. (1995). Literary translation: A personal perspective. Paper presented at the conference on Interpreting and Translation, Sydney.
Mean-Pematangsiantar, H. (2014). Category shifts in the English translation of ‘Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone’ movie subtitle into Indonesian (An applied linguistics study). IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19(12), 31-38.
Munday, J. (2001). Introducing translation studies: Theories and applications. New York: Routledge.
Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation. London: Prentice Hall.
Nida, E.A. (1964). Toward a science of translation. Leiden: Brill.
Popovic, A. (1970). The concept shift of expression in translation.In J. Holmes (Ed.), The nature of translation (p.56). The Hague: Mouton.
Rezvani, R., &Nouraey, P. (2012). A comparative study of shifts in English translation of the Quran: A case study on ‘Yusuf’ chapter. Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,15(3), 70-87.
Salman, I.M. (2010). Tense shift in Qur’anic translation. Journal of the College of Arts, 54(1), 15-46.
Singh, D., & Sharma, D. (2013). Problems of literary-artistic translation. American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 1(3), 43-47.
Vinay, J.P. & Darbelnet, J. (1958). Stylistic comparison of French and English Language: Method of Translation. Paris: Dilier.
