تأثیر محلولپاشی اسیدفولیک بر تعدیل تنش خشکی و بهبود عملکرد گندم
محورهای موضوعی : بهینه سازی مصرف آب
حسین حقیری نژاد
1
,
محمد رضا یاورزاده
2
*
,
هیلدا شمس الدینی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کشاورزی، واحد بم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، بم، ایران
2 - استاد یار بخش کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بم، ایران، کرمان
3 - گروه حسابداری، واحد بم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بم، ایران
کلید واژه: اسیدفولیک, تنش خشکی, گندم, عملکرد,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه
تنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید گندم در مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک محسوب میشود. اسیدفولیک به عنوان یک ویتامین گروه B نقش مهمی در فرآیندهای متابولیکی گیاه و مقاومت به تنشهای محیطی دارد.
مواد و روش ها
این آزمایش بهصورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1403 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (نرمال، تنش خشکی ملایم و شدید) و فاکتور فرعی محلولپاشی اسیدفولیک در سه غلظت (0، 250 و 500 میلیگرم بر لیتر) بود.
بحث و نتیجه گیری
نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی تأثیر منفی معناداری بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و عملکرد گندم داشت. محلولپاشی اسیدفولیک توانست اثرات منفی تنش خشکی را تعدیل کند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (6100 کیلوگرم/هکتار) در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و کاربرد 500 میلیگرم/لیتر اسیدفولیک حاصل شد.
نتیجهگیری
کاربرد اسیدفولیک راهکاری مؤثر برای کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی و بهبود عملکرد کمی و کیفی گندم محسوب میشود.
Introduction
Drought stress significantly limits wheat production in arid regions. Climate change has intensified these conditions, severely affecting agricultural productivity. Folic acid, a B-group vitamin, plays important roles in plant metabolic processes and environmental stress resistance.
Material and methods
This experiment was conducted as a split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications during the 2024-2025 growing season. The main factor included three irrigation levels (normal, mild drought stress, and severe drought stress) and the sub-factor was foliar application of folic acid at three concentrations (0, 250, and 500 mg/L). Morphophysiological traits and yield components were measured throughout the growing period
Results and Discussion
The results showed that drought stress had a significant negative effect on morphophysiological traits and wheat yield parameters. Foliar application of folic acid successfully mitigated the negative effects of drought stress across all measured parameters. The highest grain yield (6,100 kg/ha) was obtained under normal irrigation conditions with the application of 500 mg/L folic acid, representing a significant improvement compared to untreated controls. Under severe drought conditions, folic acid application at 500 mg/L increased yield by approximately 23% compared to the control treatment
Conclusion
The application of folic acid is considered an effective strategy for reducing the negative effects of drought stress and improving the quantitative and qualitative performance of wheat. This approach offers a practical solution for farmers in drought-prone regions to maintain agricultural productivity under water-limited conditions
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