شناسایی جایگاه برنامه درسی تربیت جنسی در نظام آموزشی
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیزهره قلاوند 1 , پروین صمدی 2 , پروین احمدی 3 , نرگس کشتی آرای 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه آزاد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.
کلید واژه: نظام آموزشی, برنامه درسی, سنتزپژوهی, تربیت جنسی,
چکیده مقاله :
تربیت جنسی یکی از پیچیده و حساس‌ترین ساحت‌های تعلیم و تربیت است. ازاین‌رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی جایگاه برنامه درسی تربیت جنسی در نظام آموزشی کشور در طی سال‌های 1398-1380 انجام شد. مطالعه حاضر از نوع کیفی و از روش سنتزپژوهی است. جامعۀ اطلاع‌رسان شامل همۀ پژوهش‌های علمی مرتبط با هدف پژوهش بوده که با توجه به جست‌وجوی منظم در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی (مگ ایران، جهاددانشگاهی، نورمگز و...)، بر اساس معیارهای ورود تعداد 206 پژوهش علمی شناسایی و پس از مطالعات لازم، 36 پژوهش بر اساس ملاک‌های خروج به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب و با روش سنتزپژوهی شش مرحله‌ای روبرتس، ترکیبی بهینه از نتایج آنها ارائه شده است. برای فراهم آوردن اطلاعات مورد نیاز، از فرم کاربرگ و برای اطمینان از میزان پایایی، از ضریب کاپای کوهن استفاده شد. طبق یافته‌های حاصل از سنتزپژوهی، تربیت جنسی حائز چهار مضمون شامل شمشیر دولبه بودن مفهوم تربیت جنسی، تهدیدها - فرصت‌های تربیت جنسی، تربیت جنسی مبتنی بر آموزش، زبان و فرهنگ در تربیت جنسی است. نتایج نشان داد که برنامه درسی تربیت جنسی در نظام آموزشی یک برنامه درسی خاموش است که با یک طراحی مدون توسط سیاست‌گذاران می‌توان آن را روشن نمود.
Sexual education is one of the most complex and sensitive areas of education. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the position of the country's high school sexual orientation curriculum in recent decades. This research employed a qualitative synthesis approach. The corpus of this study consisted of all scientific articles published(magiran, sid, normags, etc ) about the implementation of Sexual education. From this corpus 268 papers were identified through constant searching of the scientific data bases and a total of 36 articles were selected for the final analysis. A researcher- made worksheet form was used for the purpose of reporting and submitting information. The obtained data were analyzed through six-step model for meta-synthesis Robert using Open and axial coding techniques. Findings synthesis indicate that the four themes of the double-edged sword are the concept of sexuality, threats – opportunities for sexuality education, sex education and culture in sexuality The results indicated that the sex education curriculum is a silent curriculum that can be clarified by policy makers.
Abedini, E., Taybi, Z., Ziaei, P., & Zarezadeh, K. (2016). Qualitative study of mothers' experiences of teaching sexual issues to adolescent girls with an emphasis on cultural factors. Journal of Mental Health Principles. Vol. 18 (4).
Abolghasemi, N., Marqati Khoei, E. S., & Taghdisi, M. Hussein. (2010). Explaining the sexual education of Iranian students from the perspective of primary school health educators. Journal of the School of Health and the Institute of Health Research. Vol 8, No 2.
Afsharkhan, Z., Pourkhzami, S., & Lotfi, N. (2015). Sex education; of Null Curriculum at elementary school. National Conference on Primary Education. Course 1.
Ahmadi, S.T. (2012). The Need Assessment of sexual Education Curriculum in High School from view point of Teachers in one district of
Shiraz city. M.A. Thesis, Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch.
Akbari, N. (2013). Sex education in schools; necessities and requirements. Iran's perspective.No. 80.
Amini, M., Tamnaifar, M. R., & Pashaei, R. (2011). Investigating the Existential Necessity and How to Pay attention to Sex Education in High School Curriculum from the Perspective of Teachers and Students. Journal of Curriculum Research. Vol1, No1.
Amirianzadeh, M., Mohammadi, M., & Amirianzadeh, Mehdi. (2007). The place of sex education and training in schools and higher education centers. Abstracts of the Third World Congress on Family and Sexual Health. 3rd National Congress on Family and Sexual Health, December 29-6. Tehran.
Azizzadeh Foroozi, M., Mohammad Alizadeh, S., Abouli Pour, B., & Nazari, T. (2001). Investigating the opinions of teachers in Kerman about the necessary points in sex education for adolescents. Journal of Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd. Vol9, No4.
Bamari, I., & Sarlarzai, A.H. (2018). Analyze the relationship between lifestyle and sexual education of adolescents in the city of Zahedan with a view to crime prevention. Quarterly Journal of Educational Psychology Studies. No. 29.
Bridges, E. (2009). Effective curriculum – baced sex and STD/HIV education programs for adolescents, child development perspectives, 3 (1), (Available at: http: //www. Advocates for youth. Org).
Ebrahimi Harestani, A. (2012). The Analysis of Null Curriculum in sex Education: Focusing on the Male Student at Junior High School. Research in Curriculum Planning, M.A. Thesis, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Ferdowsi Mashhad University.
Ebrahimi Harestani, A., Mahram, B., & Liaghatdar. M. (2015). The Analysis of Null Curriculum in sex Education: Focusing on the Male Student at Junior High School. Research in Curriculum Planning. Vol 12. NO 17(continues44).pp 26-40. (in persian)
Ebrahimi, S., Haj Khazimeh, M., & Karami, M. R. (2017). Feasibility study of sexual health skills training in schools. Teaching Strategies in Medical Sciences.Vol 10. No1.
Esere, O. M. (2008). Effect of sex education programme on at – risk sexual behavior of school – going adoleescents in Ilorin. Nigeria. African Health Sciences. Vol. 8, No. 2, pp 120-126.
Faqihi, A. N., Shkohhi ekta, M., & Prand, A. (2008). Sex education for children and adolescents from an Islamic perspective and psychological studies. Biquarterly Journal of Isalmic Education, Vol.3, No.7.
Farmahini Farahani, M. (2004). The Favorite Content for sex education in Secondary school textbooks. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Shahed University. Eleventh year. No. 9.
Farmahini Farahani, M. (2005). An Introduction to Sex Education in Islamic Religious Texts. Two-month scientific research journal of Shahed University. No. 12.
Farmahini Farahani, M. (2007). Human Sex education. Tehran: Alborz (in persinan).
Farmahini Farahani, M. (2013). Sexual education: a common duty of the family and the school. Payvand Educational Monthly, 20, 16 to 41.
Garland- Levett, S. (2017). Exploring discursive barriers to sexual health and social justice in the new Zealand sexuality education curriculum. Journal sex Education sexuality, society and learning. Vol 17(2).
Gilliam, M., Jagoda, P., Heathcocj, S., Orzalli, S., Saper, C., Jessyca, D., & Wilson, C. (2016). Life Changer: A pilot Study of a Game-Based Curriculum for Sexuality Education. Education. Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, Vol 29. 148 -153.
Hajipoor,H. (2016).Critical discourse analysis of sex education in irans educational system (status quo), Thesis PHD. Faculty of Psychology and Education. Kharazmi University.
Hashemi ali abadi, S.A. (2010.) Sexual instinct in Islamic view. Thesis.M.A, Factulty In theology and Islamic sciences. The university of Qom.
Hashemi.A.A., S.A (2011). Educational practices based on sex and its conequences From the perspective of Quran and Hadith. Thesis.PHD. Department: Islamic Knowledges
Islamian, Z., Saeedi Rezvani, M., & Ghaffari, Islamian., A. (2015). Investigating and analyzing the various dimensions of sex education and related issues.Reseaeches of the Ninth National Conference Idea motaher llumination, Family and Sex Education. May..
Ismaili, A. (2002). Young, sexual motivation and behavior. Tehran: Laqa Al-Noor
Jaberzadeh Ansary,. S. (2015). The positive influence of teaching sexual training of kids on increasing sexual knowledge of mothers and improving the knowledge of kids in prerenting them from sexual abuse, M.A Thesis. Faculty of sciences and psycology, Alzahra university.
Jones, T. (2011). A Sexuality Education Discourses Framework: Conservative, Liberal, Critical, and Postmodern. American Journal of Sexuality Education, 6 (2). 133-175.
Kereamati, M. (2011). A philosophical Explanation of Feminism Exsentialism respect to considerations of Sex and Gender in education and its Critque. Based on IsIamic Idea to Presentation of a conceptual framework for formal education. Thesis ph.D, Departemant of Education Factuly of Hummanities Tarbiat Modares University.
Kontuls, O. (2010). The evolution of sex education and student sexual knowledge in finland in the 2000s. Sex education, 10 (4), 373- 386.
Kurd, H., Jalili, M., & Kurd, M. (2018). Analysis and analysis of the basics of the nature of social education in primary school. Journal of Sociology of Education. No.9. pp. 78-67.
Maleki, H. (2016). Curriculum Preliminaries. Eleventh Edition, Tehran: Samat.
Masoumi, M. (2012). The role of mothers schemas on adolescent girls sex education. Thesis. M.A.. Faculty of Education and psychology Alzahra university.
Mazidi, M., & khedmatiyan, M. (2017). Presenting a Model for Sexual Education based on the Views of Muslim Thinkers. Biquarterly Journal of Islamic Education,Vol, 12, No. 25.
Mehr Mohammadi, Mahmoud. (2002). Curriculum: Perspectives, Approaches and Perspectives, Print. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi.
Mehram, B. (2005). Reviewing the content of middle and high school textbooks in terms of sex education. Thesis.M.A. University of Mashhad
Mehram, B.Ebrahimi harestani, A., leakatdar,M.J. (2007). Examining the content of middle and high school textbooks in terms of sex education. Abstracts of the Third World Congress on Family and Sexual Health. Third National Congress on Family and Sexual Health. December 8- 6. Tehran.
Mirzaei, S. (2009). Investigating the Effectiveness of Sexual Education on Increasing Sexual Self-Determination of Undergraduate (Girl) Students of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University. Thesis.M.A. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University.
Moafi, M. (2013). Explain the theoretical foundations of religious education based on the document of fundamental change. Javaneh Growth Magazine.
Mobredi, K.Hasn poorAzgahy,SB., &Farahani, A. (2017). Knowledge and Attitude of Mothers toward preschool Sexual Education. Iran Journal of Nursing (IJN). Vol. 30, No. 106. Mohammad beige, R., Faghihi, A., & Nateghi, F. (2018). Designing a good sex education curriculum in elementary school. Quarterly of Educatinal Psychology. Allameh Tabatbaii University. Vol. 13, No. 45.
Moffet, J. (2015). Twelve tips for flipping the classroom. Medical Teacher; 37(4). 331-336.
Mohammad Beigi, R., Faqihi, A.R., & Nateghi, F. (2017). Designing a good sex education curriculum in elementary school. Quarterly Journal of Educational Psychology. Vol.13, No.45.
Mohammad Jani, S., Yarmohammadian, M. H.,., Kajbaf, M. B., & Qaltash, A. (2016). The pattern of the sex education curriculum for adolescence is based on the basics of the Qur'an and the narrations of the infallibles. Journal of New Approach in Education Administration, Vol. 7, No.3.
Mohammadi, A. (2011). The level of Attention to Sexual Education in Theology curriculum in Iranions Highschool. Thesis. PH.D. Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch.
Mostofi, N., Garmaroudi, Gh., Shamshiri, A, R.& Shakibazadeh, E. (2016). Eeffect of Group Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers of Adolescent Girls About Sex Education. Scientific Journal of School of Public Health and Isstitute of Public Health Research. Vol. 14, No, 3.
Nasiri, Y., & Jafari, S. E. (2010). Introduction to Fundation of Sex Education in Islamic Education. Quarterly Journal of Islamic Study in Educatiom. Vol.1, No. 1, pp 119- 137.
Nasiry, Y. (2009). The pathology of sexual education from the point of view of guidance school teachers of marvdasht.. M.A. Thesis, Faculty of Education and Psychology. Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch
Nasr Isfahani, A. R., Behjati Ardakani, F., Fatehizadeh, M., & Mohammadi, R. (2006). High school students' views on the role of school parents and textbooks in addressing family issues. Quarterly Journal of Family and Research. Vol2, No. 6.
Naz, R. (2014). Sex Education in Fiji. Sexuality & Culture(2014). Vol 18. 664-687.
Rahnama, A., Alin, H., & Mohammadi, H. (2007). Exploring the basics, principles, and methods of sex education with an emphasis on the Islamic perspective. Two scientific-research monthly of Shahed University, vol14. No. 24.
Rashid, K & Hosseini Nazarlou. (2016). Investigating the Effect of Sex Education on Enhancing Sexual Knowledge and their Sense of Competence. Journal Scientific-Research of Education and Evaluation. Vol 10. No. 37.
Rasouli, Z. (2015). Investigation and identification of present gaps in sex education in the higher education curriculum on base view of student., M.A. Thesis, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kashan University
Razzaqi, R. (2012). Assessment for foster Adolescents Sexual Health and Efficacy of Comperhensive Sexuality Education on Sexual Knowledge, Attitude and Self- concept Enhancement. PH.D Thesis. Faculty of sciences and psycology, Allameh Tabatabai university.
Rezvani, M. (2014). The relationship between Parenting styles to sexual education and social skills with adolescence in fereidoonk city. Thesis. M.A. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology. M.A. Thesis, Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch.
Rezvani, M.S. (2018). Part of the truth in the analysis of the critical discourse of sexual education in the Iranian educational system. Research Journal of Fundamentals of Education, No. 8, Volume (1).
Shafiee Epourea, N., Yari Dehnavi, M. (2015). Reflecting on the role-playing and overturning of sex education officials and drawing the desired mission of each of them from the perspective of school counselors and religious experts. Family and Sex Education Conference, Mashhad Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.
Sharifi Yazdi, A. (2018). Social dialogue on divorce. Radiogoftegoo.ir
Shorts, E. (2007). Methodology of Curriculum Studies Translated by Mahmoud Mehr Mohammadi, Theran: Samat.
Tahmasbzadeh, D., & Sheikhlar, M. (2009). Sex education training; then neglected Iranian curriculum. Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of Islamic Counseling. National Conference on Family Counselor and Sexual Health. May. Tehran: Mandegar
Tausi, S. (2015). The effectiveness of sex education components training for mothers on the anxiety of fifth and sixth grade girls in Quds city. M.A. Thesis. Faculty of Psychology and Education. Allameh Tabatabaei University.
Yari Dehnavi, M., & Ebrahimi Shahabadi, F. (2016). Phenomenology of sexual education from the perspective of educational experts in secondary schools in Kerman. Biquarterly Journal of educational sciences from the perspective of Islam. Vol4, No, 7.
_||_