بررسی اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید بادام زمینی در آستانه اشرفیه بر مبنای مصرف کود نیتروژن با استفاده از ارزیابی چرخه حیات (LCA)
محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی
سید علی نورحسینی
1
(باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
امین نیکخواه
2
(باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: کود شیمیایی, مصرف نیتروژن, گرمایش جهانی, اوتریفیکاسیون, تخلیه منابع,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور ارزیابی اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید بادام‌زمینی بر مبنای مصرف کود نیتروژن تحقیقی به روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات در منطقه آستانه اشرفیه در سال 1394 انجام گرفت. بدین‌منظور، آزمایش مزرعه‌ای در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه سطح مصرف نیتروژن (شاهد، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و در سه تکرار اجرا شد. در این مطالعه، شش گروه تأثیر زیست محیطی گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و تخلیه منابع پتاسیم بررسی شدند. اثرات در قالب دو واحد عملکردی شامل تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی و تولید 1000 مگاژول انرژی مطالعه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص زیست‌محیطی (Eco-X) در تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی با در نظر گرفتن گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته و اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی برای تیمارهای شاهد، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم مصرف نیتروژن در هکتار به ترتیب 18/0، 52/0 و 66/0 به‌دست آمد. شاخص تخلیه منابع (RDI) نیز برای تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی با در نظر گرفتن مصرف سوخت دیزل، مصرف کود فسفات و مصرف کود پتاسیم برای تیمارهای شاهد، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم مصرف نیتروژن در هکتار به ترتیب 80/0، 53/0 و 30/0 محاسبه شد. در مجموع، گروه‌های تاثیر زیست محیطی (گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته و اوتریفکاسیون خشکی) بیش‌ترین آسیب به محیط زیست را در مصرف مقادیر بالاتر کود نیتروژن داشتند.
In this study, in order to determine the environmental impacts of peanut production in Astaneh Ashrafieh based on nitrogen fertilizer consumption a research was conducted using life cycle assessment methodology in 2015. A field experimental was performed with randomized complete block design in three levels of nitrogen consumption (0, 30 and 60 kgha-1) in three replications. These effects in six groups; the global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication, the depletion of fossil resources, the depletion of potassium and the depletion of phosphate were investigated. Two functional units included one tonne of peanut and generation of 1000 MJ energy were considered to evaluate the environmental impacts. The results showed that the environmental index (Eco-indeX) with regard to global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication for treatment of control, 30 and 60 kg of nitrogen per hectare were 0.18, 0.52 and 0.66, respectively. Also, resources depletion index (RDI) for one-ton production of peanut with regard to depletion of fossil resources, the depletion of potassium and the depletion of phosphate for treatment of control, 30 and 60 kg of nitrogen per hectare were determined to be 0.80, 0.53 and 0.30, respectively. Overall, the Eco-Index impact categories (global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication) showed the greatest negative effects on the environment for the highest level of nitrogen consumption.
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