طراحی مدل فرایندی تدوین استراتژی شرکت های پروژه محور در راستای افزایش رقابت پذیری
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتی
فریبرز نوراله پور
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معصومه دانش شکیب
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سهیلا خویشتن دار
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1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
2 - گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)
3 - گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
کلید واژه: تدوین استراتژی, طراحی مدل فرآیندی, سازمان های پروژه محور, رقابت پذیری, مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری(ISM),
چکیده مقاله :
اهداف:این پژوهش با هدف طراحی یک مدل فرآیندی برای تدوین استراتژی در شرکت‌های پروژه‌محور انجام شده است. هدف اصلی، افزایش رقابت‌پذیری این شرکت‌ها از طریق شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل کلیدی تأثیرگذار بر تدوین استراتژی است. همچنین، این مطالعه به دنبال ارائه یک مدل بومی و عملیاتی است که بتواند عدم قطعیت‌های محیطی را مدیریت کرده و راهکارهای مؤثرتری برای رقابت در بازارهای پویا ارائه دهد.
روش:پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی بوده و از روش ترکیبی دلفی فازی و مدلسازی ساختاری-تفسیری (ISM) استفاده کرده است. ابتدا 38 شاخص کلیدی از طریق بررسی ادبیات و نظرات خبرگان شناسایی شد. سپس، با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی، 10 شاخص نهایی انتخاب گردید. این شاخص‌ها با تکنیک ISM تحلیل و سطح‌بندی شدند و روابط میان آن‌ها با کمک نرم‌افزار MICMAC بررسی شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 12 خبره با حداقل 15 سال تجربه در حوزه مدیریت پروژه بود که از طریق نمونه‌گیری قضاوتی انتخاب شدند.
نتایج:تحلیل‌ها نشان داد که پنج عامل کلیدی شامل «مدیریت پروژه مؤثر، فرهنگ سازمانی و رهبری، نوآوری و سازگاری، اندازه‌گیری و ارزیابی عملکرد، و همکاری و پویایی تیم» بیشترین تأثیر را بر رقابت‌پذیری شرکت‌های پروژه‌محور دارند. این عوامل در بالاترین سطح اهمیت مدل ISM قرار گرفتند و نقش اساسی در تدوین استراتژی این شرکت‌ها ایفا می‌کنند.
نوآوری پژوهش: نوآوری این تحقیق در ترکیب روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره دلفی فازی و ISM و استفاده از تحلیل‌های فازی برای کاهش عدم قطعیت در تصمیم‌گیری است. همچنین، ارائه یک مدل فرآیندی که به‌طور خاص برای شرکت‌های پروژه‌محور طراحی شده، از دیگر جنبه‌های نوآورانه این پژوهش محسوب می‌شود. این تحقیق شکاف موجود در ادبیات تدوین استراتژی در شرکت‌های پروژه‌محور را پوشش داده و مدلی ارائه کرده که می‌تواند به عنوان یک راهنمای عملی برای مدیران این شرکت‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
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Objectives: This research aims to design a process model for strategy development in project-based companies. The main goal is to increase the competitiveness of these companies by identifying and analyzing key factors affecting strategy development. Also, this study seeks to provide a native and operational model that can manage environmental uncertainties and provide more effective solutions for competition in dynamic markets.
Method: The present research is of an applied type and uses a combined fuzzy Delphi method and structural-interpretive modeling (ISM). First, 38 key indicators were identified through a review of the literature and expert opinions. Then, using the fuzzy Delphi method, 10 final indicators were selected. These indicators were analyzed and ranked using the ISM technique, and the relationships between them were examined using MICMAC software. The statistical population of the study included 12 experts with at least 15 years of experience in the field of project management, who were selected through judgmental sampling.
Results: The analyses showed that five key factors, including “effective project management, organizational culture and leadership, innovation and adaptability, performance measurement and evaluation, and team collaboration and dynamics,” have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of project-oriented companies. These factors were ranked at the highest level of importance in the ISM model and play a fundamental role in formulating the strategy of these companies.
Research innovation: The innovation of this research lies in combining the Delphi and ISM multi-criteria decision-making methods and using fuzzy analysis to reduce uncertainty in decision-making. Also, presenting a process model specifically designed for project-oriented companies is another innovative aspect of this research. This research fills the gap in the literature on strategy development in project-based companies and presents a model that can be used as a practical guide for managers of these companies.
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