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  • بررسی موفقیت ظهور بچه لاک پشت دریایی منقار عقابی در روش حفاظت بیرونی در ساحل جزیره قشم

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کد مقاله : JEST-1610-3070 (R3) بازدید : 183 صفحه: 233 - 243

10.22034/jest.2020.21551.3070

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی موفقیت ظهور بچه لاک پشت دریایی منقار عقابی در روش حفاظت بیرونی در ساحل جزیره قشم

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست

مریم مهتابی 1 , سهراب اشرفی 2 , افشین دانه‌کار 3

1 - کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران* (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
3 - استاد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/07/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/03/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/08/01

کلید واژه: موفقیت ظهور, جزیره قشم, لاک پشت های دریایی منقار عقابی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: لاک‌پشت‌های دریایی از گونه‌های در خطر تهدید جهانی وابسته به گستره‌های اقیانوسی محسوب می‌شوند. مرگ و میر لاک پشت های دریایی در دوران جنینی به دلیل تهدیدات طبیعی و انسانی بسیار بالا است وعوامل تهدید‌کننده‌ی متعددی، بقای این خزندگان و نسل‌آوری آن ها را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. لذا برای حمایت از زیستگاه و بقای آن ها شناسایی و مدیریت این عوامل گریزناپذیر است. روش بررسی: یک ابزار مدیریتی برای افزایش موفقیت ظهور این گونه های در معرض خطر، انتقال تخم ها بلافاصله پس از تخم‌گذاری‌لاک پشت ماده به مکانی امن است. یافته‌ها: در این پژوهش موفقیت ظهور لاک‌پشت دریایی منقارعقابی در سواحل آشیانه‌گذاری جزیره‌ قشم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. میزان موفقیت ظهور بچه لاک پشت ها از مجموع 102 آشیانه انتقال یافته از ساحل شیب‌دراز و شیب‌پویی 92/59 درصد بدست آمد. نتایج آزمون T نیز نشان داد که بین موفقیت ظهور بچه‌ لاک‌پشت های انتقال یافته از ساحل شیب‌دراز و شیب پویی اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود ندارد. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج این پژوهش بهترین راه برای حفاظت این گونه در محل مورد مطالعه، افزایش موفقیت ظهور بچه لاک پشت ها و حفاظت از لانه ها با انتقال دادن آن ها به محل امن است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Sea turtles are considered of the globally threatened species in the world. Mortality range of sea turtles in utero is very high due to several natural and human threats, affecting survival and regeneration of these reptiles. Method: Therefore, identification and control threats are vital to support habitat and survival rate. Eggs transfer to a safe place immediately after laying is a management tool for increasing the emergence success of these critically endangered species. In this study, emergence success of Eretmochelys imbricata in the coasts of Qeshm Island was studied. Findings: The emergence success rate was 59/92% out of 102 transferred nests (from Shib-deraz and shib- poiee beach). Results showed that no significant differences between Shib-deraz and shib- poiee beach, considering the emergence success of the transferred eggs. Discussionand Conclusion: According to the results, we believe that best way to protect hawks-bill turtles in this area is transferring eggs and protecting nests in a safe place to raise emerging success.

منابع و مأخذ:


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  24. Ditmer, M. A., Stapleton, S.P., 2012. Factors Affecting Hatch Success of Hawksbill Sea Turtles on Long Island, Antigua, West Indies. PLoS ONE 7(7): e38472.
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  1. FIGIS, 2009"Species Fact Sheet: Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766)". FIGIS - Fisheries Global Information System. United Nations. 2006. http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3606/en. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
    2.

  1. Lohmann., K. 2008. No place like home: new theory for how salmon, sea turtles find their birthplace. http://uncnews.unc.edu/content/view/1959/107/
    2.

  1. 20.Horrocks, J. A. & Scott, N.M. 1991. Nest site location and nest successin the hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in Barbados, West Indies. Marine Ecology. Progress Series 69, 1–8.
    2.

  1. Farhang dareshouri, B. Dakhteh, M. and Ranjbar, M. 2008. Environment management in Qeshm island. Qeshm Free Zone Environmental Office. (persian)
    2.
  2. Horrocks, J. A., Oxenford, H. A., Willoughby, S. 1989. Nest site location and clutch mortality of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Barbados, West Indies. In: Eckert, S. A., Eckert, K. L., Richardson, T. H. (Compilers) Proc. Of the Ninth Ann. Workshop on Sea Turtle Cons. Biol., NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-232, p. 239-241
    3.

 

 

 

_||_

  1. Hirayama, R. 1998. Oldest known sea turtle. Nature 392: 705-708.
    2.
  2. FAO.1974. species identification sheet for fishery purpose western Indian ocean (fishing Area 51), prepard and painted with the support of DANIDA. FAO, Vol.V, Sea turtles.
    3.
  3. Mobaraki, A. 2004. Nesting of the hawksbill turtle in Shidvar Island, Hormozgan Province, Iran. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 103: 13.
    4.
  4. IUCN .2007. Red List Standards & Petitions Subcommittee .2007. Sea turtles. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http://www.iucnredlist.org/. Retrieved on February 5, 2007.
    5.
  5. Mahtabi, M. 2010. Investigation the shape, material and optical of Shibderaz coast in resurgence of sea turtles. BSc Project in Environmental Engineering. Department of Natural Environment, University of Tehran. (persian)
    6.
  6. Wyneken, J. Burke, T.J., Salmon, M., and Pedersen, D.K., 1988. Egg failure in natural and relocated sea turtle nests. Journal of Herpetology, 22, 1, pp88-96.
    7.
  7. WWF, 2010. What is the survival rate of baby sea turtles? http://greenanswers.com/question/what-survival-rate-baby-sea-turtles/
    8.
  8. Miller, J.D., Limpus, C.J., Godfrey M.H., 2003. Nest site selection, oviposition, eggs, development, hatching, and emergence of loggerhead turtles, in: Bolton, A.B., Witherington, B.E. (Eds.), Loggerhead Sea Turtles. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, pp.125-143.
    9.
  9. Gibson, J. 1999. Reducing Threats to Foraging Habitat. UNDP/GEF_CZM Project.
    10.
  10. Eckert, K.L., and Eckert, S.A., 1990. Embryo mortality and hatch success in in situ and translocated leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea eggs. Biological Conservation 53, 37–46.
    11.
  11. Booth, D., and K. Astill. 2001b. Temperature variation within and between nests of the green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas (Chelonia: Cheloniidae) on Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Australian Journal of Zoology 49:71–84.
    12.
  12. Reece, S. E., A. C. Broderick, B. J. Godley, and S. A. West. 2002. The effect of incubation environment, sex and pedigree on hatchling phenotype in a natural population of loggerhead sea turtles. Evolutionary Ecology Research 4:737–748.
    13.
  13. Morreale, S. J., G. J. Ruiz, and J. R. Spotila. 1982. Temperature-dependent sex determination: current practices threaten conservation of sea turtles. Science 216:1245–1247.
    14.
  14. Mrosovsky, N., and C. L. Yntema. 1980. Temperature dependence of sexual differentiation in sea turtles: implications for conservation practices. Biological Conservation 18:271–280.
    15.
  15. Abella, E., A. Marco, and L. F. Lo´pez-Jurado. 2006. Why are egg fertilization rates not correlated with hatching success in sea turtles? Page 43 in M. Frick, A. Panagopulou, A. F. Rees, and K. Williams, editors. Book of abstracts. Twenty-sixth annual symposium on sea turtle biology and conservation. International Sea Turtle Society, Athens, Greece.
    16.
  16. Zare, R., Eftekhar Vaghefi, M., and Kamel, S. J., 2012. Nest Location and Clutch Success of the Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) at Shidvar Island, Iran. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 2012, 11(2): 229–234.
    17.
  17. Whitmore, C. P., Dutton, P. H., 1985. Infertility, embryonic mortality, and nest-site selection in leatherback and green sea turtles in Suriname. Biological Conservation 34, 251-272.
    18.
  18. Richardson, J, Bell, R, and Richardson, T.H., 1999. Population ecology and demographic implications drawn from an 11-year study of nesting hawksbill turtles, (Eretmochelys imbricata), at Jumby Bay, Long Island, Antigua, West Indies. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 3: 244–250.
    19.
  19. Alexander, J., Deishley, S., Garett, K., Coles, W., Dutton, D. 2002. Tagging and Nesting Research on Leatherback Sea Turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) on Sandy Point, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Island. Final Report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
    20.
  20. Chacón, D., Machado H, J., 2004. Anidacion de Dermochelys coriacea en Playa Gandoca, Informe Temporada 2004. Projecto de Conservación de Tortugas marinas, Talamanca, Caribe Sur, Costa Rica.
    21.
  21. Tucker, T., Condran, S., Mota, M., Grimes, J., Hays, A., and Clark, p., 2005. Sea Turtle Monitoring, Nest Evaluation & Protection Measures for the City of Sarasota. Mote Marine Laboratory Technical Report No. 1060.
    22.
  22. Furler, S. 2005. Hatching success of the Leatherback Sea Turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, in Natural and Relocated Nests on Gandoca Beach, Costa Rica. Master of Science Thesis. University of Basel, Switzerland.
    23.
  23. Mcelroy, M. 2009. The effect of screening and relocation on hatching and emergence success of loggerhead sea turtle nests at apelo island, Georgia. Master of Science Thesis. University of Georgia. Georgia.
    24.
  24. Ditmer, M. A., Stapleton, S.P., 2012. Factors Affecting Hatch Success of Hawksbill Sea Turtles on Long Island, Antigua, West Indies. PLoS ONE 7(7): e38472.
    25.

  1. FIGIS, 2009"Species Fact Sheet: Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766)". FIGIS - Fisheries Global Information System. United Nations. 2006. http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3606/en. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
    2.

  1. Lohmann., K. 2008. No place like home: new theory for how salmon, sea turtles find their birthplace. http://uncnews.unc.edu/content/view/1959/107/
    2.

  1. 20.Horrocks, J. A. & Scott, N.M. 1991. Nest site location and nest successin the hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata in Barbados, West Indies. Marine Ecology. Progress Series 69, 1–8.
    2.

  1. Farhang dareshouri, B. Dakhteh, M. and Ranjbar, M. 2008. Environment management in Qeshm island. Qeshm Free Zone Environmental Office. (persian)
    2.
  2. Horrocks, J. A., Oxenford, H. A., Willoughby, S. 1989. Nest site location and clutch mortality of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Barbados, West Indies. In: Eckert, S. A., Eckert, K. L., Richardson, T. H. (Compilers) Proc. Of the Ninth Ann. Workshop on Sea Turtle Cons. Biol., NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-232, p. 239-241
    3.

 

 

 

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