مقایسه عملکرد ماش (Vigna radiate L.) در شرایط تغذیه شیمیایی، زیستی و تلفیقی در نظام های خاک ورزی

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

فاخر کردونی ¹ (باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)
صادق بهامین ² (دانشجوی دکتری آگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
بهروز خلیل طهماسبی ³ (دکتری علوم علف‌های هرز، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
سیدحسین قویم ساداتی ⁴ (دانش آموخته‌ی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، واحد فردوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فردوس، ایران)
سید اسماعیل وحدانی ⁵ (مربی گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور واحد مریوان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/05/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/02/01

کلید واژه: پروتئین, خاک ورزی, نیتروژن, مایکوریزا,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور ارزیابی اثر روش های خاک ورزی و مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد ماش، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار در بهار 1394 در منطقه سرابله کرمانشــاه انجــام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شـامل سه سطح خاک ورزی (بدون خاک ورزی، خاک ورزی حفاظتی و خاک ورزی مرسوم) و چهار سطح کودی شامل تلقیح بذر با مایکوریزا+50% نیتروژن، بدون تلقیح مایکوریزا +50 % نیتروژن، مایکوریزا+100% نیتروژن و عدم تلقیح با مایکوریزا+100% نیتروژن بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل تیمارهای کودی و خاک ورزی بر عملکرد دانه معنی دار بود، به طوری که بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار خاک ورزی حفاظتی به همراه مصرف 50% کود نیتروژن همراه با تلقیح بذور با مایکوریزا به میزان 1510 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد. این مقدار بیشتر از تیمار خاک ورزی مرسوم به همراه مصرف 50 % کود نیتروژن و بدون تلقیح مایکوریزا به میزان 1/934 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد پروتئین دانه در تیمار خاک ورزی مرسوم به همراه مصرف 50 % کود نیتروژن و تلقیح با مایکوریزا به میـزان 99/24 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد که 33/13 کیلوگرم در هکتار بیشتر از تیمار خاک ورزی مرسوم به همراه مصرف 50 % کود نیتروژن و عدم تلقیح مایکوریزا بود. به طورکلی، نتایج نشان داد که اعمال خاک ورزی بر اکثر صفات مورد بررسی تاثیر معنی داری نداشت. شاید دلیل این باشد که برای رسیدن به تاثیر مطلوب خاک ورزی بر عملکرد، نیاز به استفاده مداوم از این شیوه به جای استفاده یک ساله آن باشد. نتایج تحقیق همچنین نشان داد که تلقیح بذر با مایکوریزا موجب کاهش نیاز به مصرف کود نیتروژن شده و از این طریق عملکرد گیاه نیز افزایش یافته است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To compare yields of mung bean under different nutrition (Chemical, Biological and Integrated) and tillage systems a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2015. Treatments consisted of 3 levels of tillage systems (no-tillage, conservation tillage and conventional tillage) and 4 levels of plant nutritions (inoculated with mycorrhiza + 50% nitrogen, 50% nitrogen without mycorrhizal inoculation, mycorrhizal inoculation +100 percent nitrogen, without inoculation with mycorrhiza + 50% nitrogen). The results showed that plant nutrient sources affected yield significantly. The highest grain yield (1510.03 kg.ha-1) was obtaind by using conservation tillage, 50% nitrogen and mycorhizal seed inoculation. This yield was 50% more than conventional tillage and nitrogen fertilizer and mycorrhizal seed inoculation which was 934.1 kg.ha-1. The highest protein yield (24.99 kg.ha-1) belonged to conventional tillage, 50 percent of nitrogen use and mycorrhizal inoculation, which is 100% (13.33 kg.ha-1) more than conventional tillage and nitrogen fertilizer with 50 percent of mycorrhizal inoculation. In general, the results showed that the use of tillage did not have significant effect on most of the traits. This result could be different if this experiment would be continued for several years. These results indicated that mycorrhizal seed inoculation reduced the need for nitrogen fertilizer, while increased seed yield.

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